Nucleotidi

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM-e) is a co-substrate involved in methyl group transfer to nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. SAM-e is produced in the liver from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and methionine by action of the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase. Therapeutic use of S-adenosyl-L-methionine includes osteoarthritis, liver disease and major depressive disorder. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine is available as a dietary supplement.

<p>2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analog with modifications on both the sugar and the nucleobase. It is a derivative of cytidine, with fluorine attached to the 2' carbon of the sugar (deoxyribose) and a methyl group at the 2' carbon of the sugar as well. These modifications provide the compound with unique properties, such as potnetial increased resistance to enzymatic degradation, which can make it useful in antiviral and anticancer applications.</p>

Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose monosodium is a novel nucleotide that can be used in the synthesis of antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose monosodium is a modified form of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) with an added phosphate group at the 5′ position on the ribose sugar. It is synthesized from ATP by phosphoramidite chemistry. The CAS number for this product is 68414-18-6. Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose monosodium has been shown to inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).

<p>8-(p-Chlorophenylthio)-cGMP is a modified nucleoside that has anticancer activity. It inhibits DNA synthesis and the activation of protein kinases, which are enzymes that transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. 8-(p-Chlorophenylthio)-cGMP can also inhibit viral replication by inhibiting the production of new virus particles and by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that converts RNA into DNA.</p>

N6-Benzyladenosine 5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 10 mM aqueous solution is an analog of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is used in the study of protein kinase C. ATP and its analogs are able to phosphorylate proteins and regulate their activity. This study has shown that N6-benzyladenosine 5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 10 mM aqueous solution is an atp analog that activates protein kinase C, leading to the phosphorylation of proteins. This analog also inhibits tyrosine kinases, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and other transmitters.

Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate triethylammonium salt (AMP-TEA) is a structural analogue of adenosine. It is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis by preventing the phosphodiesterase activity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. AMP-TEA can be used as a tool to study translation in tissue culture, as well as to examine the effects on protein synthesis and other biochemical reactions that are regulated by cyclic nucleotides. It is also used for the preparation of tissue samples for enzymatic analysis or for radiolabeling experiments. AMP-TEA has an optimum pH of 4.5, but can be used at lower or higher pH values. The optimal temperature range for use is between 0°C and 50°C, with the maximum stability occurring at 37°C.

<p>Uridine diphosphate choline (UDPC) sodium is a nucleotide that is used as a phosphoramidite for DNA synthesis. The chemical formula for UDPC is C8H14N4O8P. The activation of the molecule occurs in acidic conditions, which may be due to the formation of an amide bond between the terminal phosphate and the amino group on the phosphorylcholine. This same reaction can also occur in alkaline conditions. UDPC has been shown to inhibit viral replication, including HIV-1, by blocking reverse transcription of viral RNA into DNA. It also has anticancer effects, as it inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. UDPC does not have any known side effects or toxicity.</p>

<p>3′-Guanylic acid disodium is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral replication and tumor growth. It is an antiviral agent that is active against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, as well as cytomegalovirus. 3′-Guanylic acid disodium is also an anticancer agent that has shown promising results in animal models of glioma, lymphoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer. The molecule inhibits the synthesis of DNA by competitively inhibiting the action of ribonucleotide reductase. 3′-Guanylic acid disodium also inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. This drug has been shown to have a high purity and quality with no detectable impurities or contaminants.</p>

<p>Stearoyl coenzyme A free acid hydrate is a natural, non-synthetic lipid molecule that belongs to the group of fatty acids. It is found in the form of a white crystalline powder and has a melting point at approximately 56°C. Stearoyl CoA free acid hydrate is an essential component of cellular metabolism, carrying out reactions such as desaturase, dextran sulfate, and other enzyme activities. Stearoyl CoA free acid hydrate may have therapeutic applications for metabolic disorders and obesity. The enzyme complex that catalyzes the synthesis of stearoyl CoA free acid hydrate in adipocytes is ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) A1 and ABCG1, which are members of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. It also plays a role in regulating immune responses via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).</p>

<p>2-Fluoroadenosine is a nucleoside that has shown high resistance to the enzyme cyclase. This property may be due to its structural and conformational properties, which are different from those of adenosine. 2-Fluoroadenosine has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of ATP in ventricular myocardium and fat cells, as well as increase levels of adenylate kinase in blood. It has also been shown to have potential as a drug target for autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. 2-Fluoroadenosine can be used for biochemical and pharmacokinetic studies because it is rapidly metabolized by the liver and excreted in urine.<br>2-Fluoroadenosine can also be used to measure changes in the ratio of adenylate kinase:adenylate kinase reductase (AKAR) in blood plasma.</p>

2'-Amino-2'-deoxycytidine is a modified nucleoside, based on cytidine. In this compound 2'-hydroxyl group has been replaced by an amino group, which can change hydrogen bonding patterns potentially affecting how it interacts with biomolecules.

3'-Deoxy-5-methyluridine (3'-DMAU) is a synthetic nucleoside that is used in the treatment of viral infections. 3'-DMAU has antiviral and anticancer activity, and it has been used to synthesize DNA for genetic engineering. It has shown promising results in the treatment of HIV as well as in the prevention of cancer metastasis. 3'-DMAU inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to the enzyme RNA polymerase, which blocks its interaction with ribonucleosides, thus inhibiting RNA synthesis. In addition, 3'-DMAU causes cell death by inhibiting protein synthesis. The drug is activated by phosphorylation to form 5'-triphosphate and 5'-diphosphate derivatives, which inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis at multiple sites within the cell.

2'-Deoxyadenosine is a nucleoside that is found in DNA. It has been shown to have potent anticancer activity against carcinoma cell lines and to bind to the adenosine receptor A3. 2'-Deoxyadenosine has also been shown to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, from nuclear extracts of mouse tumor cells. This nucleoside may be a potential drug target for the treatment of cancer and inflammation.

<p>3'-Adenylyl-5'-guanosine ammonium salt is a dinucleoside that competes with guanosine for binding to the enzyme adenylate cyclase. This reaction leads to increased levels of cyclic AMP, which causes an increase in the rate of viral replication. 3'-Adenylyl-5'-guanosine ammonium salt has been shown to inhibit the growth of pyogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes and has also been used to treat influenza infections. 3'-Adenylyl-5'-guanosine ammonium salt is an inorganic compound that is found in tobacco. It can be synthesized from uridine and p-nitrophenyl phosphate by the reaction: 3'--O--(CH2)4--COOH + H2N--PO4--&gt; 3'--O--(CH2)4--CONH2 + H3PO4</p>

<p>2',3'-Dideoxy-2',3'-didehydro-2'-fluorocytidine (ddC) is a nucleoside with antiviral activity. The mechanism of action is not well understood, but ddC has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is also active against isolates of herpes simplex virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. The elimination half-life of ddC in humans is about 8 hours. In humans, this drug is eliminated by methylation and glucuronidation reactions. The pharmacokinetics of ddC have been studied in animals, including rats and rabbits, with preliminary indications that the elimination half-life may be longer than in humans.</p>

<p>5-Methyl-L-uridine is an antiviral drug which belongs to a class of compounds called nucleoside analogues. It is used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C, as well as for prevention of hepatitis A and B. 5-Methyl-L-uridine inhibits the virus by turning off the production of viral DNA and RNA, through interactions with the virus's polymerase chain reaction process. This drug also prevents protein synthesis in cells infected with viruses such as HIV, herpes simplex virus type 1, and influenza A virus. 5-Methyl-L-uridine is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, uridine monophosphate, by enzymes in the liver. The cytotoxic effects of 5-methyluridine on cancer cells have been shown to be due to inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis and repair pathways.</p>

Malonyl coenzyme A lithium salt - 90% is a fatty acid that is involved in the biosynthesis of fats. It is also involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are hormone-like substances that have a wide variety of effects on many different tissues. Malonyl coenzyme A lithium salt - 90% may be useful for the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity due to its ability to stimulate glucose uptake by fat cells and increase insulin sensitivity. The following product details are for a supplement:

2-Phenylaminoadenosine (2-PA) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the P2Y receptor. 2-PA has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in vivo in mice, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the release of dopamine from the brain. In addition, 2-PA binds to LPS receptors on endothelial cells, reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and preventing platelet aggregation. 2-PA also inhibits the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in human monocytes, leading to reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. 2-PA is an agonist that binds with high affinity to P2Y receptors on erythrocytes. This binding results in decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production by adenosine deaminase, which leads to decreased intracellular calcium levels and inhibition of neutroph

2-Chloroinosine is an adenosine receptor agonist; metabolically stable analog of adenosine

<p>3-Methyl-8-(2-deoxy-b-D-ribofuranosyl)isoxanthopterin is a nucleoside analog that is used as an activator of phosphoramidite. It can be used as a building block in the synthesis of modified phosphoramidites and it has antiviral, anticancer, and antiinflammatory properties. 3-Methyl-8-(2-deoxy-b-D-ribofuranosyl)isoxanthopterin is a novel nucleoside analog that can be used to synthesize DNA or RNA. It is also an inhibitor of deoxyribonucleoside kinase, preventing the conversion of deoxyribonucleosides into diphosphate monophosphates.</p>