Derivati delle Purine e Pirimidine

<p>Applications Lablled Caffeine (C080100). Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir (T018500) impurity.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Tetrabenazine. Dopamine depleting agent. An antidyskinetic; antipsychotic.<br>References Schwartz, et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 15, 645 (1966), Janovic, J., et al.: Ann. Neurol., 11, 41 (1982), Janovic, J., et al.: Neurology, 38, 391 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications This compound is used in the preparation of azidoalkanes. As well it is an intermediate in the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors.<br>References Braese, S. et al.: Sci. Synth. 41, 543 (2010); Jarinrat K. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 2152 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Store tightly sealed at RT<br>Applications Paraxanthine is an adenosine receptor ligand and a major metabolite of caffeine.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 3260 (1981); Cell Mol. Neurobiol., 3, 69 (1983); Eur. J. Pharmacol., 179, 295 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,5-Dinitropyridine is used as an azabenzyne pyrolytic precursor. The anion radical of 3,5-dinitropyridine aundergoes reversible dimerization reactions.<br>References Winkler, M., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126, 6135 (2004); Macias-Ruvalcaba, N., et al.: J. Electroanal. Chem., 600, 294 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Zolmitriptan (Z639000).<br>References Buckingham, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3566 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Pemetrexed EP Impurity A<br>Applications N-Methyl Pemetrexed (Pemetrexed EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Pemetrexed (P219500), an multitargeted antifolate that inhibits thymidylate synthase as well as other folate dependent enzymes.<br>References Kjell, D.P., et al.: Org. Proc. Res. Develop., 9, 738 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Caffeine.<br>References Kalow, W., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 53, 503 (1993), Sharma, S., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 5848 (1994), Sugawara, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 16473 (2000), Takeda, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 302, 666 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nonionic radiocontrast medium. Diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium).<br>References Drayer, B., et al.: Am. J. Neuroradiol., 3, 59 (1982), Molyneux, A.J., et al.: Br. J. Radiol., 55, 117 (1982), Sovak, M., et al.: Radiology, 142, 115 (1982), Felder, E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 115 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Stability Stable at RT<br>Applications An intermediate used for the sythesis of xanthine derivatives.<br>References Daly, J.W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 28, 487 (1985), Erickson, R.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 3405 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Methotrexate (M260675). A Folic acid antagonist. Used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Methylpurine (cas# 2004-03-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature sensitive<br>Applications 3,5,3',5'-Tetraiodo Thyrolactic Acid is a thyroid hormone analogue. A Thyroxine (T425600) analogue.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Horst, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 261, 945 (1989); Kvetny, J., et al.: Horm. Metab. Res., 24, 322 (1992); Yamauchi, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 8460 (1999); Davis, P., et al.: J. Endocrinol. Invest., 25, 377 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Urea-urethane Compound is a reaction product of 4,4'-sulfonylbis[benzenamine] and 2,4-TDI.<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloromethyl Propyl Carbonate (cas# 35273-90-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylimidazole is a monomethylated imidazole that can be used as a building block in the preparation of a wide range of biologically active compounds. 2-Methylimidazole as well as other imidazoles can be use as catalyst for refolding of enhanced coloured fluorescent protein. 2-Methylimidazole has been identified as a byproduct of fermentation and is detected in foods and mainstream and side-stream tobacco smoke.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shi, R. et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 459, 122 (2007); Chan, P.C. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 82, 399 (2008); Nishie, K. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 301 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An impurity of Tenofovir Disoproxil (T018505(P)), which is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent and an antiviral.<br>References Gan, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 24, 344 (1996), Annaert, P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 492 (1997), Naesens, L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42, 1568 (1998), Shaw, J. P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tenofovir Phosphate Diammonia Salt is a metabolite of Tenofovir (T018500), an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br>References Michelson, A.M., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 91, 1 (1964); Rosenberg, I., et al.: Collect. Czeck. Chem. Commun., 50, 1507 (1985); Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005),; Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006); Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications An immunosuppressive drug used to treat leukemia. It is also used for pediatric non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, polycythemia vera, and psoriatic arthritis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Naguib, F., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 50, 1685 (1995), Zeng, H., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 911 (2004).<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Nicotinamide.<br>References Musfeld, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 391 (2001), Sakakibara, Y., et al.: Brain Res., 931, 68 (2002), Zielonka, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 668 (2006), Wieczorkowska, M., et al.: Pharmacol. Rep., 59, 216 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications An immunosuppressive drug used to treat leukemia. It is also used for pediatric non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, polycythemia vera, and psoriatic arthritis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zeng, H., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 911 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine-9-D-riboside Hydrate (cas# 345909-25-3) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of Oseltamivir. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Williams, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 1837 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications A degradation product of Nicotinic acid (N429250). An impurity of Nicotinic acid.<br>References Ensign, J., et al.: Biol. Chem., 239, 2285 (1964), Houghton, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 130, 879 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Amino-N1-methyl-1H-imidazole-1,4-dicarboxamide is a metabolite of Temozolomide (T017775); an imidazotetrazine alkylating agent and antineoplastic.<br>References Newlands, E.S., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rev., 23, 35 (1997); Kim, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 1233 (1999); Hait, W., et al.: Cancer Res., 69, 1263 (2009); Wang, Y., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 62, 7288 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound A<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Zolmitriptan (Z639000). Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound A.<br>References Chen, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 35, 639 (2004), Srinivasu, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 37, 453 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Oseltamivir EP Impurity D<br>Applications 4-Acetylamino-3-hydroxybenzoic Acid Ethyl Ester (Oseltamivir EP Impurity D) is an impurity in the antiviral drug Oseltamivir (O700100).<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Urea. Physiological regulator of nitrogen excretion in mammals; synthesized in the liver as an end-product of protein catabolism and excreted in urine. Also occurs normally in skin. Emollient; diuretic.<br>References Demetriou, A., et al.: Science, 233, 1190 (1986), Aebischer, P., et al.: Nat. Med., 2, 696 (1996), Prakash, S., et al.: Biotechnol. Bioeng., 46, 621 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A Folic acid antagonist. Used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Methotrexate EP Impurity I<br>Applications Methotrexate α-methyl ester is an impurity of Methotrexate (M260675), a folic acid antagonist. Used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Temozolomide USP Related Compound B<br>Applications N'-Methyl-N,N-diphenylurea is used in the stabilization of thermal propellants. Temozolomide USP Related Compound B.<br>References Bohn, M. et al.: Prop. Exp. Pyro.,et al.: 19, 266 (1994); Muthurajan, H. et al.: J. Hazard. Mat., 133, 30 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nucleoside analog; specific inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Antiviral.<br>References Standring, D.N., et al.: Antiviral. Chem. Chemother., 12, 119 (2001), Hernandez-Santiago, B., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 46, 1728 (2002), Lai, C.-L., et al.: Hepatology, 40, 719 (2004), Han, S.-H.B., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 14, 511 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound H<br>Applications 4-Dimethylaminobutyraldehyde Diethyl Acetal (Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound H) is used in the preparation of N,N-Dimethyltryptamines, 5-HT1D receptor agonists, for medicinal treatments such as antimigraine drugs.<br>References Chen, C. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 59, 3738 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the novel synthesis of biologically active nitro heterocyclic compounds.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pawar, N., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 21, 115 (2004), Badgujar, D., et al.: J. Sci. Ind. Res., 66, 250 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tetrahydrobiopterin is a naturally occurring essential cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes, used in the degradation of amino acid phenylalanine and in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, norepinephrine , epinephrine, and is a cofactor for the production of nitric oxide by the nitric oxide synthases. Chemically, its structure is that of a reduced pteridine derivative.<br>References Levy, Harvey L., et al.: Lancet,  370, 504 (2007); Isojima, Yasushi., et al.: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA .,106, 15744 (2009); Burton, B. K., et al.: J. Inherit. Metab. Dis., 30, 700 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Memantine USP Related Compound B (3,5-Dimethyladamantane-1-ol)<br>Applications 3,5-Dimethyl-1-adamantanol is an impurity of Memantine (M218000). Memantine impurity B. Memantine USP Related Compound B (3,5-Dimethyladamantane-1-ol).<br>References England, P., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 11623 (2004), Schousboe, A., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 500, 281 (2004), Horvat, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 3136 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Allopurinol EP Impurity A / Allopurinol USP Related Compound A<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3-Amino-4-carbamoylpyrazole Hemisulfate (Allopurinol EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Allopurinol (A547300), a pyrazole derivative that has been shown to induce neoplasm immunogenicity.<br>References Nicolin, A. et al.: Cancer, Chemother. Rep., 57, 3 (1973); Bonmassar, E. et al.: Cancer Res., 35, 1957 (1975);<br></p>

<p>Applications A reagent used in the preparation of prodrugs of diacidic nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist as well as pyrrolothiazole platelet activating factor antagonist.<br>References Aungst, B.J. et al.: Pharmac. Res., 12, 763 (1996); Davidsen, S.K. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 4423 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications A fluorescent analog of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide as a coenzyme for glutamate dehydrogenase.<br>References Gafni, A., et al.: Biochemistry, 20, 6041 (1981), Creedon, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 16364 (1994), Seley, K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 6, 797 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of DAMPA.<br>References Bleyer, W., et al.: Cancer, 41, 36 ( 1978), Abelson, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 1, 208 (1983), Fabre, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 1325 (1986), Widemann, B., et al.: Clin. Chem., 45, 223 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Eletriptan Impurity 14<br>Applications Tri-o-tolyl-Phosphine Oxide (Eletriptan Impurity 14) is an impurity of Eletriptan, a selective serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor agonist and used to treat migraines.<br>References Willems, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 358, 212 (1998); Napier, C., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 368, 259 (1999); Goadsby, P.J., et al.: Neurology, 54, 156 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lifitegrast is used for the treatment of signs and symptons of dry eye diseases. It also Inhibites corneal inflammation that is capable of causing pains, blurred vision and ocular discomfort in sufferer.<br>References Holland, E. J., et al.: Curr. Med. Res. Opin., 32, 1759 (2016); Sun, Y., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther., 29, 395 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Acetal is a flavouring component of Baiju and Rum. It is also a useful reactant in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Franitza, Laura, et al.: J. of Agric. and Food Chem., 64(47), 9041-9053 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Memantine (M218000), used for the treatment of neurological disorders.<br>References Eiichi, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 33, 4680 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-9-methyl-4H-carbazol-4-one is an metabolite of Ondansetron (O655000), is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that has been introduced to clinical practice as an antiemetic for cancer treatment-induced and anesthesia-related nausea and vomiting.<br>References Kris, M.G., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 6, 659 (1988), Faris, P..L., et al.: Lances, 355, 792 (2000), Ye, J.H., et al.: CNS Drug Reviews., 7, 199 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Rizatriptan EP Impurity C<br>Applications Iso Rizatriptan (Rizatriptan EP Impurity C) is a potential impurity of Rizatriptan. A regioisomer of Rizatriptan.<br>References Dill, K., et al.: J. Phys. Chem., 91, 1980 (1987), Cole, L., et al.: Anal. Chem., 64, 1317 (1992), Street, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 1799<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxythiobenzamide is used in the synthesis of PPARα agonists used in increasing HDLc levels. Also used in the synthesis of potent CDK5 inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.<br>References Sierra, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 685 (2007); Zhong, W. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 5384 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications A reagent used in the preparation of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors and PMPA prodrugs with antiretroviral activity.<br>References Sheng, X. et al.: Bioorg, Med. Chem. Lett., 169, 3453 (2009); Arimilli, M.N. et al.: Antiviral Chem. Chemother., 8, 557 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications A useful synthetic intermedate. A naturally occuring, biologically active isomer of guanosine. Reported to stimulate the accumulation of cyclic-AMP in the brain. It is an inhibitor of IMP pyrophosphorylase, and its 5’-di and -tri-phosphates inhibit glutamic acid dehydrogenase. May contain approximately 0.6 moles of water.<br>References Divakar, K.J., et al.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans., 1, 771 (1991), Montsch, H.H., et al: Biochemistry, 14, 5593 (1975), Hagen, C.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 293, 105 (1973), Huang, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 15, 462 (1972)<br></p>