Substrati enzimatici

Coelenterazine and its derivatives spontaneously complex with aequorin to develop a Ca2+-dependent fluorescent signal.

AquaSpark™ α-D-galactoside is a dioxetane-based substrate for the luminescence detection of α-galactosidase activity. It is the first single-compound chemiluminescent substrate commercially available for the detection of α-galactosidase activity. α-galactosidase assays are used in molecular biology to monitor the transcriptional activity of the GLA gene that is correlated with metabolic diseases or gene mutations. In microbiology the α-galactosidase activity is used to detect specific bacteria such as α-galactosidase positive Salmonella strains (Salmonella Enteritidis RKI 05/07992).

1-Naphthyl b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is a chromogenic substrate commonly used to assay the activity of beta-glucuronidase enzymes. It is hydrolyzed by beta-glucuronidase to yield a yellow-colored product, 1-naphthol, which can be quantified spectrophotometrically. This substrate is widely used in diagnostic tests for detection of beta-glucuronidase activity, particularly in clinical microbiology for the identification of E. coli and other enteric bacteria. With its sodium salt form, it boasts increased solubility in aqueous solutions, ensuring seamless integration into various experimental settings.

5-Iodo-3-indolyl b-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used for beta-galactosidase. It is incorporated into media or detection kits for rapid and direct identification of microorganisms.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl palmitate is a high quality, pure chemical reagent that can be used as a substrate for enzyme activity. It is a chromogenic substrate that is used in the detection of esterase activity. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl palmitate is also used as a fluorogenic substrate in the presence of horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide to produce chemiluminescence. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl palmitate has been shown to be an effective bioluminescent substrate for luciferase enzymes, such as firefly luciferase and Renilla luciferase.

The AquaSpark® 515 Singlet Oxygen Probe (SOCL) is a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence probe for the detection of singlet oxygen (1O2). The SOCL probe reacts specifically with 1O2 to form an intermediate dioxetane that spontaneously decomposes to emit green light with extraordinary intensity

Chemiluminescent substrate for b-galactosidase

Modified naphtol AS substrate used in histochemical and cytochemical staining

Luc-Enterobacteria Na is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of Enterobacteriaceae. This product has been shown to have high purity and a CAS number. Luc-Enterobacteria Na is also conjugated with an enzyme substrate, making it suitable for detecting the presence of bacterial colonies in culture media.

4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-mannosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Lysosomal storage disorder diagnosis (e.g., alpha-mannosidosis)

4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for sulfatase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium saltas a substrate for measuring the sulfatase activity is used for Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) screening and other lysosomal storage disorder diagnosis.

Bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl)phosphate, or bis-4MU-phopshate, is a fluorogenic substrate used to study phosphatase activity, particularly in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

L-Pro-PAB-Resorufin is a highly sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic indicator for L-proline aminopeptidase activity and related enzymes occurring in prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic organisms. After removal of the L-proline amide substructure by enzymatic hydrolysis and spontaneous elimination of the para-amino-benzyl (PAB) spacer, the initially orange colored compound yields an intense pink color. In addition, the released chromophor is an excellent fluorophor showing red fluorescence at an emission wavelength of 580 to 600 nm when excited at 560 to 570 nm.

5-Cyano-3-indolyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used to measure the activity of esterases and other enzymes. It has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of human erythrocyte esterase. The compound is also a potent inducer of bioluminescence in bacteria, which can be used for diagnostic applications. 5-Cyano-3-indolyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used to measure the activity of phosphatases and other enzymes. This product has an enzyme substrate function, which can be used for enzyme assays. 5CIGP is useful for measuring high levels of enzyme activity in the presence of strong inhibitors such as phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF).

Chromogenic substrate targeting cellulases

A substrate used for the diagnosis of Sanfilippo disease type D (MPS IIID).