Microbiologia/Virologia

<p>Concanamycin C, a natural macrolide antibiotic, was initially isolated from Streptomyces and identified as an inhibitor of T-cell proliferation in response to concanavalin A (1,2). It exhibits cytotoxicity to fungi, including yeasts, by inhibiting vacuolar-type ATPases (3,4).</p>

<p>Ecubectedin (PM14), a derivative of ecteinascidins family, has antitumor and antimicrobial properties.</p>

<p>Cethromycin (ABT-773) is an antibiotic of ketolide.</p>

<p>NNRT-IN-6 (Compound 13a) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRT) used to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1RT), with an IC50 of 0.41 μM. It effectively suppresses both wild-type HIV-1 and mutants L100I, K103N, Y181C, Y188L, E138K, F227L/V106A, and RES056, with an EC50 range of 6.2-250 nM.</p>

<p>Dehydrolycopene, a major SGA in tomatoes' green fruits, leaves, and flowers, targets bacteria, fungi, insects, and animals.</p>

<p>Clofarabine-5'-diphosphate (Clofarabine-DP) is a metabolite resulting from the phosphorylation of Clofarabine by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK). It can undergo further phosphorylation to become Clofarabine-5'-triphosphate, exhibiting cytotoxicity in cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and repair.</p>

<p>ML338 is a potent inhibitor of dormant M. tuberculosis with IC90 of 1 μM and IC99 of 4 μM, aiding in tuberculosis research.</p>

<p>Aspergillin PZ from A. awamori deforms P. oryzae at 89 nM, kills S. epidermidis (MIC=20μM), and is cytotoxic to HL-60 cells (IC50=56.61μM).</p>

<p>SARS-CoV-2-IN-46 is a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor.</p>

<p>Methyl quinoline-2-carboxylate (Methyl 2-quinolinecarboxylate) inhibits the binding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</p>

<p>Gemifloxacin is a fluoronaphthyridone with strong antibacterial effect.</p>

<p>Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) π class inhibitor is a chemical compound designed to inhibit the action of the π class of GST enzymes.</p>

<p>PA3552-IN-1: Antibiotic adjuvant, lowers PA3552 expression, resensitizes MDR P. aeruginosa to Polymyxin B.</p>

<p>4-(2-Aminoethyl)amino-7-chloroquinoline (N1-(7-Chloroquinolin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine) has potential anthelmintic and antitumor activity for the study of</p>

<p>Spike protein mRNA for COVID-19 enables protein expression, assesses RNA delivery, translation, cell health, and is key for virus entry and vaccine targets.</p>

<p>Cefazaflur is a novel semi-synthetic cephalosporin derivative that can be used as an Antibiotic agent.</p>

<p>Lauryl-LF 11 displays antimicrobial activity.</p>

<p>Ascochin, an isocoumarin derivative and fungal metabolite identified in Ascochyta, demonstrates antimicrobial activity. At a concentration of 0.5 mg/disc, it inhibits Bacillus megaterium (the bacterium), Mycosphaerella violaceum (the plant pathogenic fungus), and Chlorella fusca (the alga) in agar diffusion assays.</p>

<p>Rabdoserrin A is a diterpenoid. Rabdoserrin A has antifungal activity [1] [2] .</p>

<p>5’-O-DMT-2’-O-TBDMS-Ac-rC is a modified nucleoside and can be used to synthesize DNA or RNA.</p>

<p>Simpinicline (OC-02) (OC-02) is an nAChR agonist that activates the trigeminal parasympathetic pathway and can be used to treat dry eye.</p>

<p>Nv-CATH, an antibacterial peptide derived from frogs, exhibits broad-spectrum activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and significantly</p>

<p>Amphotericin B trihydrate, a polyene antibiotic, is derived from Streptomyces nodosus fermenter cultures. It exhibits antileishmanial properties.</p>

<p>LCMV GP (61-80) is a peptide fragment, lymphocytic choroid plexus meningitis virus (LCMV), specific antigenic determinant that induces CD4+ T cell responses.</p>

<p>Cy5-dATP is a Cy5 -labeled dATP . Cy5-dATP can be incorporated into a DNA primer [1] [2] .</p>

<p>Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase-IN-2 (compound 4dq), a β-carboline 1-hydrazide inhibitor, exhibits both antifungal and antibacterial properties by targeting</p>

<p>Flagelin 22, a bacterial flagellin fragment, serves as a potent elicitor for plants and algae.</p>

<p>Frequentin, an antibiotic from P. frequentans, combats bacteria and fungi; MICs: 200 µg/ml for B. subtilis, 300 for S. aureus.</p>

<p>HIV-1 inhibitor-11, a fused pyridine ring derivative, is a HIV-1 inhibitor.</p>

<p>EFdA-TP: potent HIV-1 RT inhibitor; acts via immediate/delayed chain termination (ICT/DCT) and multiple pathways.</p>

<p>SARS-CoV-2-IN-25 disodium, a potent inhibitor, blocks SARS-CoV-2 spike interaction with IC50 of 1.6 μM.</p>

<p>Diclobutrazol: potent systemic fungicide against rusts, mildews, and crop diseases.</p>

<p>XT-4, an antimicrobial peptide originating from the skin secretions of Xenopus tropicalis, exhibits potent activity against E.</p>

<p>Eprinomectin B1b is a minor component and belongs to the avermectin family of insecticides and anthelmintics.</p>

<p>Maximin 1, an antimicrobial peptide originating from the skin secretions of Bombina maxima, exhibits cytotoxicity against tumor cells and possesses spermicidal</p>

<p>PT-129 is a RPOTAC degrader that targets the G3BP1/2NTF2 domain (protein-RNA interaction site), facilitating the breakdown of intracellular stress granules. It prevents the formation of stress granules in stressed cells and deconstructs existing ones, thereby disrupting ATF4 transmission and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Stress granules (SGs) are membraneless cytoplasmic compartments formed under stress, which aid in the transfer of ATF4 from fibroblasts to tumor cells, promoting fibroblast-related tumor growth. G3BP1/2 serve as central proteins in the SG network, and inhibiting them may reduce the stress resilience of cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment. PT-129 consists of a target protein ligand (red part) G3BP1/2-Targeting ligand-1, an E3 ligase ligand (blue part) Thalidomide 4-fluoride, and a PROTAC linker (black part) Amino-PEG3-C2-acid; the E3 ligase ligand and linker form the complex Thalidomide-NH-PEG3-propionic acid.</p>

<p>CHEMBL1380345 fights S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli; pMICs: 3.64, 3.56, 3.70.</p>

<p>UK-2A (Antibiotic UK 2A), a potent antifungal antibiotic, demonstrates significant antifungal activity [1] [2].</p>

<p>EBL-3183 is a reversible, competitive indole-2-carboxylate NDM-1 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 7.7, targeting metallo-β-lactamases.</p>

<p>(±)-Heraclenol, a coumarin derivative isolated from the fruits of Angelica lucida, exhibits antibacterial properties [1].</p>

<p>KPC-IN-1 (compound 1e) is an inhibitor of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase KPC-2, with an IC50 value of 8.3 nM. KPC is a β-lactamase expressed in Gram-negative bacteria that hydrolyzes carbapenems, leading to significant bacterial resistance to carbapenem antibiotics.</p>

<p>Lysolipin I is a bioactive chemical.</p>

<p>Ecteinascidin-Analog-1, a tetrahydroisoquinoline, is key for synthesizing ecteinascidin analogs with antitumor and antimicrobial properties.</p>

<p>Antibacterial agent 116 is a benzophenone salicylanilide with potent activity, inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis and labeling PBP1b to halt bacterial growth.</p>

<p>(R)-Eucomol, a flavonoid derivative, exhibits slight antibacterial properties and demonstrates cytotoxic activity against KB and P-388 cells [1].</p>

<p>Antibacterial agent 35 is a compound that effectively reduces the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ceftazidime, enhancing its antibacterial activity.</p>

<p>Ochratoxin C is a toxic metabolite from Aspergillus orchraceus.</p>

<p>Pectate Lyase, an enzyme secreted by plant pathogens, is essential for pectin degradation and plays a vital role in fungal virulence.</p>

<p>EM 5519 is an antitumor antibiotic.</p>

<p>Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate targets G-quadruplexes and inhibits FANCJ/DinG helicases; IC50s: 65±6/50±10 nM.</p>