Otros inhibidores

<p>DPT (hydrochloride), a psychedelic tryptamine class compound, acts by inhibiting dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine re-uptake (IC50s = 23, 2.9, and 9.1 μM, respectively). It is designated for research and forensic applications.</p>

<p>H-D-Aha-OH (hydrochloride), a click chemistry reagent, contains an azide group.</p>

<p>FR-181157, a novel prostaglandin (PG) mimetic, shows high potency and agonist efficacy at the IP receptor and has good bioavailability.</p>

<p>Giminabant is an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor antagonist (veterinary use).</p>

<p>Hexacyclen is an analogue of 18-crown-6, antagonistic and blocking effects on the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor.</p>

<p>KS I is a gonadotropin antagonist and is a cyclolignan isolated from extracts of Lycopus and Lithosperum after oxidation with caffeic acid.</p>

<p>1-Deoxynojirimycin, a potent glucose analog, inhibits α-glucosidase I and II effectively. Its derivative, N-5-Carboxypentyl-1-deoxynojirimycin, serves as a ligand for glucosidase I and II purification, utilizing carboxypentyl groups for affinity chromatography resin linkage. Furthermore, N-5-Carboxypentyl-1-deoxynojirimycin demonstrates comparable or superior inhibition of glucosidase compared to 1-deoxynojirimycin, with inhibition constants (Ki) of 0.45 µM and 2.1 µM, respectively, for pig liver glucosidase I.</p>

<p>Porcn-IN-2 (Example 107) is a potent Wnt pathway inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.05 nM.</p>

<p>QQN-00358 is a novel potent and selective tankyrase (TNKS) inhibitor.</p>

<p>1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-γ-linolenoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol featuring linoleic acid at its sn-1 and sn-2 positions and γ-linolenic acid at the sn-3 position.</p>

<p>PDE12-IN-3 is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 12 (PDE12) (pXC50 of 7.68),with antiviral activity.</p>

<p>1-Palmitoyl-3-arachidoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol featuring palmitic acid at the sn-1 position and arachidic acid at the sn-3 position.</p>

<p>DBCO-PEG4-GGFG-Dxd is a conjugate used in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) exhibiting potent antitumor activity. It incorporates Dxd, a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, connected through the cleavable linker DBCO-PEG4-GGFG [1]. This compound functions as a click chemistry reagent, featuring a DBCO group capable of strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with azide-containing molecules.</p>

<p>L-368899: non-peptide, oral oxytocin receptor antagonist (IC50: 8.9 nM), 40x more selective than vasopressin V1a/V2.</p>

<p>3β,5α,6β-Trihydroxycholanic acid, a metabolite derived from 5α,6β-dihydroxycholestanol, exhibits elevated levels in dried blood spots of patients diagnosed with Niemann-Pick disease type C, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol and sphingolipids in lysosomes.</p>

<p>cis-ent-Tadalafil (cis-ent-IC-351) is a potent and selective PDE5 inhibitor that lowers blood pressure.</p>

<p>17-Methyl stearic acid methyl ester is a methylated derivative of fatty acid methyl ester, identified in mutton tallow and as a volatile constituent in roasted tigernut (C. esculentus) oil [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1603].</p>

<p>19(R)-hydroxy Prostaglandin E2 (19(R)-hydroxy PGE2), present in the semen of primates, including humans, acts as a potent smooth muscle relaxant and is a selective agonist for the EP2 receptor. It exhibits an EC50 value of 200 nM for relaxing cat tracheal rings that express EP2 receptors.</p>

<p>15-SAHSA, a branched fatty acid ester of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), is recognized for its involvement in metabolic regulation. This compound comprises stearic acid esterified to 5-hydroxy stearic acid and is notably influenced by dietary changes, such as fasting and high-fat consumption, with a link to insulin sensitivity. SAHSA levels are specifically found to be moderately increased in the serum of AG4OX mice, which are characterized by their glucose tolerance through the overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue. Given the established functions of FAHFAs in enhancing glucose tolerance, prompting insulin secretion, and exerting anti-inflammatory properties, 5-SAHSA emerges as a potential bioactive lipid implicated in the management of metabolic syndrome and inflammation.</p>

<p>Bemoradan is an inhibitor of the rolipram-insensitive cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from canine heart tissue</p>

<p>CJ-42794 (CJ-042794) is a selective antagonist of prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4 (EP4).</p>

<p>1-Palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-rac-glycerol, a diacylglycerol, features palmitic acid at the sn-1 position and stearic acid at the sn-2 position. This compound plays a role in identifying the fatty acyl chain properties of diacylglycerols that activate the ADP-ribosylation factor 1 GTPase-activating protein (ARF1 GAP).</p>

<p>HXJ42 is a PP1 analog that selectively and effectively acts on wild-type ZAP-70 (AS).</p>

<p>mTOR inhibitor 9a inhibited the growth of human LNCap cells with an ic50 of 80 nm.</p>

<p>CGP 20309 is a kind of thiocarbonylamide with high anti filamentous activity.</p>

<p>WAY-327131 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>p-SCN-Bn-HOPO: superior (89)Zr ImmunoPET chelator, low background, high tumor contrast, minimal bone uptake in BT474 breast cancer scans.</p>

<p>XR9051 Hydrochloride, a potent modulator of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR), inhibits the binding of cytotoxics to P-glycoprotein.</p>

<p>Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is one of the five principal prostaglandins enzymatically derived from PGH2. It is abundantly generated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by lipocalin-type PGD synthase and in peripheral regions by myeloid cells, such as mast cells and basophils, via leukocyte-type PGD synthase. The compound 1,25-trans-PGD2 is an isomer of PGD2, characterized by the alteration of the double bond between carbons 5 and 6 from cis(Z) to trans(E). This trans isomer, found as a 2-5% impurity in most commercial PGD2 bulk drug preparations, is primarily synthesized as an analytical standard to identify and quantify this impurity. Based on existing studies of trans isomers of F-type prostaglandins, 5-trans-PGD2 likely exhibits biological activity comparable to its cis isomer, although no specific published reports confirm this for 5-trans-PGD2.</p>

<p>(-)-15-Deoxyspergualin trihydrochloride exhibits potent antitumor properties and demonstrates significant inhibition activity against mouse leukemia L-1210 [1].</p>

<p>2-Chloroadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate, a purine nucleotide adenosine 5'diphosphate (ADP) derivative, demonstrates multiple biological activities.</p>

<p>GGTI-2133: potent GGTase I inhibitor, IC50=38 nM; blocks inflammatory cell invasion in mice asthma.</p>

<p>ISA-2011B is an inhibitor of PIP5K1α and can be used in anticancer studies.</p>

<p>CP-664511 is an alpha4beta1/ vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) inhibitor with therapeutic potential for allergic airway disease.</p>

<p>GR-92549 is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.</p>

<p>CJ-12255 is a Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist.</p>

<p>Ro 23-0364 an imidazobenzodiazepine with mixed benzodiazepine agonist/antagonist properties.</p>

<p>BIM 23056 TFA, a potent linear octapeptide antagonist of sst3 and sst5 somatostatin receptors, exhibits inhibition constants (K_i) of 10.8 for sst3 and 5.7 for</p>

<p>Ramipril diketopiperazine acid represents a potential impurity identified within commercial ramipril formulations.</p>

<p>(R)-FTY-720 Vinylphosphonate is a sphingosine 1-phosphate type 1 (S1P1) receptor agonist and lacks anti-apoptotic activity.</p>

<p>Embramine hydrochloride is a monoethanolamine derivative utilized for its antihistaminic and anticholinergic properties [1].</p>

<p>L-739943 is a growth hormone secretagogue.</p>

<p>CH-5137291 is a pure AR antagonist with AR nuclear translocation inhibition activity. It suppresses castration and prevents the growth of prostate cancer cells.</p>

<p>6-Methoxypurine arabinoside (Ara-m), a potent inhibitor of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), exhibits 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) between 0.5 and 3</p>

<p>Bcl-2-IN-16 is a Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) inhibitor [1].</p>

<p>WAY-322454 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>Diheptadecanoin is a diacylglycerol characterized by the presence of heptadecanoic acid (margaric acid) at two positions.</p>

<p>Compound 20k is a dual LDHA/PDKs inhibitor; IC50: 0.7/1.6 μM. It boosts O2 use, cuts lactate, and slows A549 cancer cell growth (EC50: 15.7 μM).</p>

<p>MLN-0415 is an IKK2 inhibitor which decreases NF-κB activation and down-regulates the expression of a number of inflammatory proteins.</p>

<p>SARS-CoV-2/MERS Mpro-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of the main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 and MERS, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.21 and 0.07 µM, respectively.</p>

<p>3'-Hydroxy Lidocaine, an active metabolite of Lidocaine, is produced through the metabolism by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A2 and CYP3A4.</p>

<p>ArgTX-48 is a highly potent and subfamily selective antagonist of the NMDARs and AMPARs.</p>

<p>FK-143 is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor.</p>

<p>Advantame, an aspartame analog, serves as a non-caloric artificial sweetener frequently utilized as a food additive [1].</p>

<p>DuP-532, an angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.</p>

<p>Nelutroctiv is a potent activator of cardiac troponin.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-29, also known as compound 66, effectively inhibits ICMT with an IC50 value of 0.019 μM [1].</p>

<p>Trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ether (HAN 76504), an antimitotic agent, blocks microtubule assembly by attaching to tubulin and inhibiting its polymerization. It enhances tubulin's intrinsic GTPase activity, induces apoptosis across various normal and tumor cell lines, and activates the JNK/SAPK pathway. Currently unnamed, it is referred to by a provisional code name in line with MedKoo Chemical Nomenclature (<a href="https://www.medkoo.com/page/naming)" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.medkoo.com/page/naming)</a> for ease of communication.</p>

<p>Hydroxy lenalidomide, a metabolite of the thalidomide analog and anticancer agent lenalidomide, is a derivative substance involved in the metabolic process of its parent compound.</p>

<p>Compound 6i, an anticancer agent, exhibits promising activity against breast adenocarcinoma [1].</p>

<p>Berotralstat HCl is a selective plasma kallikrein inhibitor, reducing pain and swelling in HAE by blocking bradykinin release.</p>

<p>Indium (III) thiosemicarbazone 5b is an anticancer compound demonstrating cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines including A549, MCF-7 breast, cisplatin-resistant MCF-7/DDP breast, and Hl 7702 liver cancer cells, with IC50 values of 2.41, 1.97, 2.11, and 8.95 µM, respectively. It effectively lowers PI3K, Akt, mTOR, P-gp, and GSH levels in MCF-7/DDP cells. In vivo studies show that at a dosage of 2.5 µmol/kg, indium (III) thiosemicarbazone 5b significantly reduces tumor weight and volume in MCF-7/DDP mouse xenograft models. Furthermore, liposomes formulated with this compound promote apoptosis and pro-death autophagy in MCF-7/DDP cells, alongside notable reductions in tumor volume and weight, showcasing its potential as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.</p>

<p>PF-06807656 remains effective against ROMK with N171D mutation, unlike other inhibitors; it has an IC50 of 160 nM for Tl+ flux.</p>

<p>RR-RJW100: potent LRH-1 &amp; SF-1 agonist; studies metabolic disorders, diabetes, liver disease, IBD.</p>

<p>Valsartan acid, a byproduct of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist Valsartan, emerges through the activated sludge treatment process and has been identified as a contaminant in drinking water.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-5 (compound 46) is an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.3 μM [1].</p>

<p>Benzyl-α-GalNAc (O-glycosylation-IN-1) is a potent inhibitor of O-glycosylation and is used to reduce mucin on cell surfaces.</p>

<p>Alpelisib hydrochloride (BYL-719) is an oral, selective PI3Kα inhibitor with anticancer properties.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-22 (compound 62) acts as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.63 μM [1].</p>

<p>JWH 307 is a cannabimimetic compound from the (1-naphthoyl)pyrrole class, effectively targeting both central cannabinoid (CB1) and peripheral cannabinoid (CB2) receptors with Ki values of 7.7 and 3.3 nM, respectively. The physiological, neurological, and toxicological characteristics of this substance remain unassessed. It is designated for forensic and research purposes.</p>

<p>PD 0305970: new inhibitor for bacterial gyrase, topoisomerase; effective in vitro/in vivo against resistant bacteria.</p>

<p>"YM543 is an effective, oral SGLT2 inhibitor that lowers blood glucose, useful for diabetes research."</p>

<p>RXFP1 receptor agonist-4 (Example 268) is an agonist for the RXFP1 receptor, demonstrated to suppress cAMP production in HEK293 cells that stably express the</p>

<p>L-159884 is a radiolabelled, nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist that is useful for angiotensin II, AT1 receptor imaging</p>

<p>Acetylaleuritolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Garcinia miniata leaves, inhibits P-388 leukemia.</p>

<p>AP-C4 is a selective inhibitor targeting guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (cGKII), exhibiting a pIC50 value of 5.2.</p>

<p>Example 2 (RXFP1 receptor agonist-8) is a potent RXFP1 receptor agonist that suppresses cAMP production in HEK293 cells expressing human RXFP1, exhibiting an</p>

<p>Oleoyl-L-carnitine, a long-chain acylcarnitine, acts as a selective inhibitor of glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2; IC50 = 340 nM) while demonstrating significantly</p>

<p>SRX 251, a vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.</p>

<p>MCHB-1, a potent agonist of the human cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor (EC50= 0.52 nM), demonstrates high selectivity for CB2 over CB1 (Kis = 3.7 and 110 nM, respectively), distinguishing itself from similar benzimidazole compounds that significantly alleviate peripheral pain while minimizing central nervous system side effects in mice.</p>

<p>FMP-401319-3 is a concentration-dependent inhibitor of CRF1R-pPL cotranslational translocation at the level of the Sec61 complex.</p>

<p>TBTDC serves as a multifunctional organic photosensitizer exhibiting aggregation-induced emission characteristics, optimal for in vivo bioimaging and</p>

<p>Foramsulfuron is a potent ALS inhibitor and herbicide that inhibits plant growth, primarily targeting grass and broadleaf weeds in corn fields.</p>

<p>Diacylglycerols (DAG) are generated through the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and function as lipid second messengers by activating protein kinase C (PKC) and modulating cell growth and apoptosis. Additionally, they act as precursors for DAG kinases in the synthesis of phosphatidic acid, a crucial lipid messenger. The compound 1-NBD-decanoyl-2-decanoyl-sn-glycerol incorporates a nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) fluorophore at the ω-end of its terminal decanoyl chain, using the structure of 1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycerol as a model for diacylglycerol. This molecule is expected to exhibit excitation and emission peaks at roughly 470/541 nm, paralleling those of various NBD-labeled phospholipids. Fluorescently labeled lipids, such as this, are instrumental in exploring their interactions with proteins, their uptake by cells and liposomes, and in developing assays for lipid metabolism research.</p>

<p>KUNG94 selectively inhibits Grp94 at 8 nM IC50, a 90 kDa Hsp90 variant in the endoplasmic reticulum.</p>

<p>GSK-2262167 is a potent S1P1 agonist, as effective as fingolimod in collagen-induced arthritis models, and shows good preclinical pharmacokinetic properties.</p>

<p>1,2,3-Tripentadecanoyl glycerol, a triacylglycerol featuring pentadecanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, occurs in various grapes. It serves as a standard in LC-MS for detecting triacylglycerols in human plasma.</p>

<p>PBI-1393 can be used as an enhancer for Th1 type cytokine production and primary T cell activation.</p>

<p>Keap1-Nrf2-IN-10 (compound 15) is a potent inducer of NQO1 and efficaciously mitigates oxidative stress in gamma-irradiated mice by reducing MDA and ROS levels</p>

<p>DGKα&amp;ζ-IN-1 (Compound II) is an inhibitor targeting DGK that potentiates T-cell function and exhibits a synergistic interaction with PD-1, offering therapeutic</p>

<p>LY433771 is a compound that inhibits the activity of Type X secretory phospholipase A2.</p>

<p>GSK726701A is a new type of prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) partial agonist (pEC50: 7.4).</p>

<p>Salbutamol (albuterol), a selective β2-adrenergic partial agonist, serves as a bronchodilator widely used in various clinical scenarios and to counteract doping abuse. Its process impurity, Albuterol methyl ether, may be present in urine samples, highlighting the importance of detection and chemical analysis.</p>

<p>11β-Prostaglandin F2αethanolamide (11β-PGF2α-EA), posited as the hepatic metabolite derived from PGD2-EA during COX-2 metabolism of AEA—an endogenous cannabinoid present in brain, liver, and various mammalian tissues—is synthesized directly from AEA via COX-2 and specific prostaglandin synthase, leading to ethanolamide versions of classical prostaglandins. Additionally, PGD2-EA formation occurs in activated RAW 264.7 cells upon AEA treatment.</p>

GW-813893: potent, selective oral factor Xa inhibitor; Ki 4.0 nM (FXa), 9.7 nM (prothrombinase).

<p>NSC15520 is an RPA inhibitor that inhibits helical destabilization of double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and can be used to study DNA damage repair.</p>

<p>Flovagatran sodium, a thrombin inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of thrombosis.</p>

<p>WAY-313165 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>PDD00031705 is a benzimidazolone core cell-inactive Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.</p>

<p>TMC-649128, a RNA polymerase NS5B inhibitor, is used for the treatment of HCV infection.</p>

<p>8,11-Eicosadiynoic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, functions as a steroid 5α-reductase inhibitor and has applications in acne research [1].</p>

<p>SIM010603, an oral RTK inhibitor, targets Kit, VEGFR-2, PDGFR-β, RET, FLT3 (IC50: 5.0-68.1 nmol/l), inhibits cell proliferation and angiogenesis.</p>

<p>Cy5.5 DBCO, a click chemistry reagent, features a cycloalkyne group and serves as a linker for the Cyanine5.5 fluorophore. Its DBCO group facilitates copper-free, biocompatible click chemistry, characterized by rapid reaction kinetics and high stability [1].</p>

<p>SC 53228 is a specific leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist.</p>