Toxicología

<p>Applications N-Ethyl-N'-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)urea maintains therapeutic activity towards treatment of Salmonella typhimurium and B. fragilis infections due to the nitrothiazole moiety within the substructure.<br>References Hof, H. et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 16, 205 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected metabolite of Theobromine.<br>References Tarka, S.M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Therap., 34, 546 (1983), Bonati, M., et al.: Toxicology, 30, 327 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluconazole EP Impurity F<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-propanediol (Fluconazole EP Impurity F) is a diol impurity of the antifungal agent Fluconazole (F421000).<br>References Dongre, V.G. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 42, 334 (2006):<br></p>

<p>Applications FR 901379 is an impurity of Micafungin (M342350), a lipopeptide compound that acts as an antifungal agent with activity against Aspergillus and Candida species.<br>References Denning, D., et al.: J. Infection, 53, 337 (2006); Queiroz-Telles, F., et al.: Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J., 27, 820 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(methylthio)gliotoxin (FR-49175) is an antiphagocytic metabolite.<br></p>

<p>Applications Biscarfentrazone is herbicidal compounds.<br>References Trabold, K., et al.:PCT Int. Appl.,(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pentachlorophenol-13C6 is the labeled form of Pentachlorophenol (P238100), which is used as insecticide for terminate control; pre-harvest defoliant; general herbicide. Antimicrobial preservative and fungicide for wood, wood products, starches, textiles, paints, adhesives, leather, pulp, paper, industrial waste systems, building materials. Surface disinfectant.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications Androstenedione (A637550) analog, an aromatase inhibitor.<br>References Marsh, D.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 28, 788 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ursodeoxycholic Acid-24-13C is the labeled compound of Ursodeoxycholic Acid (U850000). It is used as an anticholelithogenic. Epimer with Chenodiol with respect to the hydroxyl group at C7.<br></p>

<p>Applications (9E)-9-[O-[(4-Methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxime] Erythromycin is an intermediate in the synthesis of Erythromycin A 9,11-Imino Ether (E650025). Erythromycin A 9,11-Imino Ether is an impurity in the synthesis of Erythromycin (E649950), a macrolide antibiotic with broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.<br>References Zhang, L. et al.: J. Antibio., 64, 243 (2011); Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications Rilpivirine Glycosamine Product II is an impurity of Rilpivirine(R509800) which is a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Rilpivirine seems to be well tolerated with less CNS disturbance than Efavirenz, and has non-teratogenic potential. An anti-HIV agent.<br>References Sun, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 4648<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 2-Chloropyridine (C380605). (2-CPY) has been identified as a trace organic chemical in process streams, wastewater and even drinking water. Furthermore, it appears to be formed as a secondary pollutant during the decomposition of specific insecticides. 2-CPY was found to be genotoxic agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Demsia, G., et al.: Mutat. Res., 634, 32 (2007), Stapleton, D., et al.: Water Res., 43, 3964 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications PropamocarbHydrochloride (CAS# 25606-41-1) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as an anticholinergic<br>References Goldenthal, E.I.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971)<br></p>

<p>Applications Marbofloxacin N-oxide is a metabolite of Marbofloxacin (M197000); a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Gruet, P., et al.: Vet. Rec., 140, 199 (1977); Lefebvre, H.P., et al.: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 21, 453 (1998); Schneider, M., et al.: J. Diary Sci., 87, 202 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenamacril is a fungicide.<br>References Tang, L., et al.: Synthesis, 46, 1621-1629 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholic Acid (C432600) derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis-clindamycinyl-(2,2-dimethyltetrahydro-3aH-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-c]pyran) Phosphate is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Bis-clindamycinyl Phosphate (B419135), which is an impurity of Clindamycin (C580000), an antibiotic prepared from Lincomycin (L466200), used to treat various infections.<br>References Birkenmeyer, R.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 616 (1970); Oesterling, et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 63 (1970); Gray, J.E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 21, 516 (1972); Brown, L.W., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 75 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications A phenylpyridine derivative used in the preparation of HIV protease inhibitors I and other pharmaceutical agents.<br>References De Goey, D.A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 2571 (2009); Engstrom, K. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 71, 5369 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate for the preparation of Naratriptan and other indole sulfonamide derivatives.<br></p>

<p>Applications Karetazan is used in the preparation of Pyrazole derivatives as pesticides as well as as a chemical hybridisation agent for commercial hybrid seed production.<br>References Buysse, A., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ., 118 (2016); Walsh, M., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. 77., (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(3-Chloro-2-methylpropyl)-4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)benzene is a useful synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of Amorolfine Hydrochloride (A634170); a morpholine antifungal drug and topical solution for the treatment of toenail infections. 1-(3-Chloro-2-methylpropyl)-4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)benzene is also used in the preparation of Fenpropidin (F249470); a fungicide.<br>References Rotta, I., et al.: JAMA Dermatol., 149, 341 (2013); Espinel-Ingroff, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 26, 5 (1984); Broger, E.A., et al.: Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 492401 A1 19920701. Jul 1, 1992; Leroux, P. Walker, A.: Eur. J. Plant Path., 135, 683 (2013); Zhao, H., et. al.: Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 77, 52 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications An epimer of Lincomycin (L466200); a 6-amino, 6-deoxy-octopyraninose with strong antibiotic activity. A less potent bactericidal than its (7R)-epimer.<br>References Le Goffic, F. et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 16, 12 (1985); Prior, C. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 255, 1170 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,5,7,8-Tetrahydroxy-1,4-Naphthalenedione have been synthesized and studied for antimicrobial and antifungal activities.<br>References Yakubovskaya, A. et al.: Pharma. Chem. J., 43, 396 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications O6-Methyl-7,8-dihydro-6-isomorphine is an impurity of Hydromorphone(H714650), an analgesic(narcotic).<br>References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Estradiol-d3 3,17-Disulfate Dipotassium Salt is the labeled analogue of β-Estradiol 3,17-Disulfate Dipotassium Salt (E888945), which increases equilibrium distribution rations by inhibiting efflux without an appreciable action on influx of amino acids in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.<br>References Riggs, T.R., Walker, L.M.: Endocrinology, 74, 483 (1964)<br></p>

<p>Applications Vedroprevir is a pharmaceutical drug that is used in the treatment of hepatitis C virus in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. It inhibits an important viral phosphoprotein, NS5A, which is involved in viral replication, assembly, and secretion.<br>References Feld, J.J., et al.: New Eng. J. Med., 370, 1594 (2014); Lawitz, E., et al.: J. Hepatol., 57, 24 (2012); Afdhal, N., et al.: New England J. Med., 370, 1889 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3’-Dechloro-4’-chloro Bupropion is an impurity of Bupropion (B689625), a arylaminoketone based monoamine reuptake inhibitor.<br>References Soroko, F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 29, 769 (1977); Tucker, W.E., J. Clin. Psychiatry, 44, 60 (1983); Hsyu, P-H., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 37, 737 (1997); West, R., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 4, 533 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methyl Ticlopidine-13C,D3 iodide is a labelled analogue of N-Methyl Ticlopidine iodide (M330270). N-Methyl Ticlopidine iodide is a derivative of Ticlopidine (T438325), a compound that antagonizes adenosine diphosphate-stimulated platelet aggregation.<br>References Kimchi, N., et al.: Digestion, 75, 36 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Desethyl O-Isopropyl Dabigatran Etexilate-d13 is the labelled form of O-Desethyl O-Isopropyl Dabigatran Etexilate (D289378). O-Desethyl O-Isopropyl Dabigatran Etexilate is an impurity of Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate (D100150). Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate is a nonpeptide, direct thrombin inhibitor and an Antithrombotic agent.<br>References Hauel, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 1757 (2002); Mungall, D., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 3, 095 (2002); Stangier, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 555 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ampicillin Desoxyazetidin-2-one can be used to develop HPLC methods that detect compounds or impurities related to ampicillin in bulk drug. Ampicillin Desoxyazetidin-2-one is a related compound of Ampicillin (A634300), a β-lactam antibiotic used for treating bacterial infection. Ampicillin interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria.<br>References Raju, Ch. B. V. N., et al.: Anal Chem : Ind J, 7, 354 (2008); Fisher, J. F., et al.: Chem. Rev. 105, 395 (2005); Sill, M. L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 1551 (2008); Ivashkiv, E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 2, 1 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-​Methoxy-​4-​methyl-​1H-​1,​2,​4-​triazol-​5(4H)​-​one Hydrate, is a Triazole (T767410) derivative that was used in microwave synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolone derivatives possessing antifungal activity. 3-​Methoxy-​4-​methyl-​1H-​1,​2,​4-​triazol-​5(4H)​-​one is also a key intermediate for sulfonylurea herbicides, such as flucarbazone.<br>References Su, J., Shang, Z.: Nongyao, 49, 563 (2010); Sun, N., et al.: BioMed Res. Int., 1 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Diethyl Ester is a derivative of 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Sodium Salt (M326162), a metabolite of Glufosinate (G596950). 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Diethyl Ester is used in the preparation of the naturally occurring amino acid, Phosphinothricin.<br>References Zeiss, H.: J. Org. Chem., 56, 1783 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Hydroxy Albaconazole, is a metabolite of Albaconazole (H761395), an antifungal agent as neuroprotectant.<br>References Pujol, I., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 39, 163 (1997), Gilgado, F., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 43, 4930 (2005), Raad, I., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 42, 1398 (2006), Nucci, M., et al.: Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 20, 695 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Nevirapine EP Impurity D<br>Applications Nevirapine Dimer (Nevirapine EP Impurity D) is a dimeric impurity of the antiviral Nevirapine (N391275).<br></p>

<p>Applications Aminoacetonitrile is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a reagent used to synthesize dipeptide nitriles as reversible and potent cathepsin S inhibitors. It can also used to prepare substituted cyclic ureas as possible HIV protease inhibitors.<br>References Ward, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5471 (2002); Wilkerson, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 4079 (1997)<br></p>