Nucleótidos

C2-Methyladenosine is a x-ray crystal structure of the mutant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that has an efficient method for binding to the substrate. The uptake of C2-methyladenosine by the wild type strain was found to be at least four times higher than that of adenosine. The analog was also shown to have pharmacokinetic properties in fat cells, which leads to a decrease in ATP levels.

N3-Methylcytidine methosulfate is a novel antiviral agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA and RNA. It has been shown to be effective against hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and cytomegalovirus. N3-Methylcytidine methosulfate was found to be active in a variety of animal models including mice and rats. This drug has anticancer properties in the treatment of leukemia, lymphoma, and breast cancer. The phosphoramidite derivative of N3-methylcytidine methosulfate is used as an activator for oligonucleotide synthesis.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analog that is a modified version of cytidine, where the sugar (deoxyribose) has a fluoro modification at the 2' carbon and a methyl group is attached at the 5' position of the cytosine base. This modification confers unique properties that can be useful in research and drug development.

N4-Ethenocytidine is a nucleoside analogue that has been synthesized and shown to be an effective inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus. N4-Ethenocytidine prevents the synthesis of viral RNA by attacking the 3'-hydroxyl group of uridine, which is involved in the formation of ribonucleotides. This compound can also inhibit rat liver microsomes through a hydrated attack on carbonyl groups. The reaction products are trifluoroacetic acid and chloride ions. N4-Ethenocytidine's fluorescence properties have been used to identify its reaction intermediates, which include uridylic acid and 4-etheno-N6-isopentenyladenosine.

5-Hydroxycytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that is found in DNA and RNA. It can be produced by the conversion of cytidine 5-monophosphate to cytidine 5'-diphosphate, which is then hydrolyzed to produce 5-hydroxycytidine. This conversion requires the enzyme cytidylate kinase. The structure of 5-hydroxycytidine differs from other pyrimidine nucleosides as its hydroxyl group does not have an acidic proton present. Biological functions that have been attributed to 5-hydroxydihydrocytidylic acid include its ability to inhibit translation and induce cell death in lung cells. This compound has also been shown to modify DNA duplexes and form bioconjugates with proteins or small molecules, such as fluorescein and digoxigenin. These modifications are used in analytical methods such as phase chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is a nucleotide that is important for both DNA and RNA synthesis. It is the methyl donor in the formation of dTMP, an essential component of DNA. 5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is synthesized by the enzyme thioredoxin reductase using NADPH and glutathione as cofactors. The synthesis of this nucleotide is regulated by hydrogen bonding, which may be due to its ability to form a cationic surfactant with a molecule such as typhimurium. This activity may be due to the presence of a disulfide bond that can react with other molecules such as guanine nucleotides.
5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine has been shown to have structural analysis and chemical biology applications when used in conjunction with E. coli K-12 cells, Methanobrevib