Vitaminas

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A nucleotide of nicotinic acid which is produced from quinolinic acid by quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase via transfer of a phosphoribose group. It is an intermediate of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) which is then converted to NAD via amidation and in turn converted to NADPH.
References Petrelli, R. et al.: Curr. Med. Chem., 18, 1973 (2011); Shibata, K. et al.: J. Chrom. B Biomed. Sci. Appl., 749, 281 (2000); Evans, C. et al.: BMC Chem. Biol., 10, 2 (2010);

Applications Convallatoxin is a cardenolide that is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. It may also be used in the treatment of tumor cells at nanomolar concentrations due to its anti-proliferative effects; in particular, human lung cancer. It is naturally found in the roots of Adonis Amurensis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schneider, N., et al.: Nat. Prod. Res., (2015); Yin, L., et al.: Zhong Cao Yao, 45, 3361 (2014);

Applications BGP 15 is a calcipotriene-based vitamin D3 analog that inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerasesis (PARP), a class of enzymes that regulate DNA repair and apoptosis (1). BGP 15 is also a cardioprotective agent (2). Also, BPG 15 improves mitochondrial function, protects neurons from dying in vitro and in vivo, and promotes cardiac innervation in vivo.
References (1) Berkovich, L., et al.: Anticancer Drugs. 21, 609 (2010) (2) Szabados, E., et al. Biochem Pharmacol. 59, 937 (2000)

Applications Vitamin K4, is a chemically synthesized Vitamin K which plays an important role in the normal blood coagulation system.
References jiang Y. et al.: Pharmazie. 2013 Jun;68(6):442-8.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications (-)-Biotin Sulfoxide, is a metabolite of Biotin (B389040), which is a growth factor present in minute amounts in every living cell, and plays an indispensable role in numerous naturally occurring carboxylation reactions.
References du Vigneaud, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 146, 475 (1942), Traub, et al.: Nature, 178, 649 (1956), Siegel, H., et al.: Experienta, 37, 789 (1981), Vesely, D.L., Science, 216, 1329 (1982), Hugues, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 31, 12 (1992),

Applications Acetyl Vitamin B12 is a derivative of Vitamin B12 (V676020). Vitamin B12 gets converted by the body into its bioactive forms, methylcobalamin and cobamamide, which serve as enzyme cofactors. Severe deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia and/or neurological impairment.
References Rickes, et al.: Science, 107, 396 (1948); Kirschbaum, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 183 (1981); Grasbeck, R., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 17, 99 (1984)

Applications Labelled Pantothenic Acid. A member of the B complex vitamins; essential vitamin for the biosynthesis of coenzyme A in mammalian cells. Occurs ubiquitously in all animal and plant tissue. The richest common source is liver, but jelly of the queen bee contains 6 times as much as liver. Rice bran and molasses are other good sources.
References Gardner, P., et al.: Food Chem., 68, 471 (2000), Ou, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2772 (2002), Bahorun, T., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 84, 1553 (2004),

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications 9-cis-Retinal is an isomer of all-trans-Retinal (R240000).
References Yan, E., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 10867 (2004), Kukura, P., et al.: Science, 310, 1006 (2005), Ridge, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 9297 (2007),

Applications One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Isolated from soybean oil.
References Emerson, et al.: Science, 83, 421 (1936), Bieri, J.G., et al.: J. Nutr., 104, 850 (1974), Jiang, Q., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 714 (2001),

Applications A Vitamin D derivative.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Koeffler, M.R., et al.: Blood, 74, 82 (1989),

Applications Plumbagin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. It also inhibits NADPH oxidase 4 in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Klotz, L., et al.: Molecules, 19 14902 (2014); Gupta, S., et al.: Cancer Metastasis Rev., 29, 405 (2010); Schramm, A., et al.: Vascul. Pharmacol., 56, 216 (2012)

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications D-α-Tocopherol Quinone is an vitamin E derivative that exhibits antioxidant properties. D-α-Tocopherol Quinone has been shown to partially restore the activity of NADH dehydrogenase and used to investigate the electron transport system in rat hepatocyte and human erythrocyte.
References Sun, I. L., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 11126 (1992); Hosomi, A., et al.: FEBS Lett. 409, 105 (1997)

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Bioactive, synthetic vitamin D3 analog; exhibits antiproliferative effect on keratinocytes. Antipsoriatic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Matsunaga, T., et al.: J. Dermatol., 17, 135 (1990), Gerritsen, M.J.P., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 131, 57 (1994),

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of vitamin A (Retinol) (R252000).
References Allo, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 266, 22003 (1991), Brancolini, C., et al.: J. Cell Biol., 139, 759 (1997), Bubb, M., et al.: J. Biol .Chem., 269, 14869 (1994),

Applications Perhydrofarnesyl Acetone is used as a flavor and fragrance agent, it is often used in jasmine compositions.
References Toda, H. et al.: Dev. Food Sci., 17, 181 (1988); Maggi, F. et al.: Food Chem., 113, 216 (2009); Maggi, F. et al.: Chem. Biodiv., 8, 2057 (2011);

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications α-Tocopherol is the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.
References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),

Applications Lumiflavin is a toxic photolysis product of vitamin B2 (R415000).
References Zhao, X. et al.: Chemosphere, 63, 1116 (2006); Litke, S.V. et al.: Khim. Fiz., 10, 48 (1991); Ye, W. et al.: Guang. Yaox. Xueb., 12, 175 (1996);

Applications Labelled δ-Tocopherol. One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Isolated from soybean oil.
References Emerson, et al.: Science, 83, 421 (1936), Bieri, J.G., et al.: J. Nutr., 104, 850 (1974), Jiang, Q., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 714 (2001),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications β-Tocopherol (Racemic Mixture) is one of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Is biologically less active than α-Tocopherol. This is the racemic mixture of all stereoisomers.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 6,7-Dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine serves as fluorophore in Lumazine (L473800) proteins (LumP) of luminescent bacteria.
References Kulinski, T., et al.: Biochemistry, 26, 540 (1987), Chatwell, L., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 382, 44 (2008), Sancar, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 32153 (2008),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Saikosaponin A was shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities by suppressing activation of NF-kB signaling pathway.
References Wu, S.J., et al.: Am. J. Chin. Med., 38, 99 (2010); Wu. S.J., et al.: J. Med. Food., 11, 224 (2008); Yoon, S.S., et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 529, 97 (2012); Lu, C.N., et al.: Int. Immunopharmacol., 14, 121 (2012);

Applications α-Tocopherol acetate is the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.
References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 3-Sulfate is a metabolite of 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (C125700).
References Higashi, T. et al.: Steroids, 65, 281 (2000); Higashi, T. et al.: Ann. Clin. Biochem., 36, 43 (1999);

Cholecalciferol - 100IU/mg - contains 2.5g/kg active is a chemical compound known as vitamin D3. It is derived primarily from cholesterol through photochemical synthesis in animal skin exposed to ultraviolet light. The product functions as a hormone regulator by modulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism within biological systems. This process is crucial for maintaining bone density and immune system efficacy.

Delta-Tocotrienol is a natural compound, part of the vitamin E family, which is primarily sourced from the seeds and fruits of certain plants, such as annatto. This compound is a potent antioxidant, exerting its effects through the scavenging of free radicals and protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from oxidative damage. Additionally, delta-Tocotrienol inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, leading to a reduction in cholesterol synthesis.

Stability Temperature and Light Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of Vitamin D3.
References Bell, P.A., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 115, 663 (1969), Kumar, R.S., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 65, 277 (1980), Shimada, K., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 19, 491 (1996),

Applications (24S)-24,25-Epoxycholesterol is a derivative of 4β-Hydroxy Cholesterol (H917980), a metabolite of Cholesterol. It is formed from Cholesterol by the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P 450 3A4. A potential ligand for the nuclear receptor LXR and also a new endogenous CYP3A marker.
References Breuer, O., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 2275 (1995), Pikuleva, I., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 18153 (1998), Chawla, A., et al.: Science, 294, 1866 (2001), Bodin, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38685 (2001),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications CDDO Imidozolide (CDDO-Im) is a synthetic triterpenoid CDDO-Im inhibits fatty acid synthase expression and has antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in human liposarcoma cells. Studies show that CDDO-Im is highly active in suppressing cellular proliferation of human leukemia and breast cancer cell lines as well as being an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of other types of cancers.
References Hughes, D.T. et al.: Cancer Invest., 26, 118 (2008); Place, A.E. et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 9, 2798 (2003); Samudio, I. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 36273 (2005);

Applications AC 55649 is a potent and selective RARβ2 receptor agonist (1). RARβ2 receptor agonists are potential drug candidates for developing treatment for type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis (2).
References (1) Lund, B. W., et al.: J Med Chem. 48, 7517 (2005) (2) Trasino, S. E., et al.: Diabetes Obes Metab. 18, 142 (2016)

Applications 1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol restores plasmalogen levels in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAEC). Plasmalogen may play a role in protecting animal cells against photosensitized killing.
References Zoeller, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 263, 11590 (1988); Zoeller, R., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 283, H671 (2002)

Applications A cell-permeable, selective and irreversible PPARγ antagonist (IC50 = 3.3 nM, 32 nM, and 2 µM for PPARγ, PPARα, and PPARδ, respectively). Reported to covalently modify a cysteine residue in the binding site of PPAR. At a concentration of 10 µM, also acts as an agonist of human pregnane X receptor (PXR) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Does not activate liver X receptor-a (LXRa), retinoic acid receptor (RAR), retinoid X receptor-a (RXRa) and thyroid receptors a and b (TRa and TRb
References Huang, J.T., et al.: Nature, 400, 378 (1999), Wilson, T.M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 527 (2000), Leesnitzer, L.M., et al.: Biochemistry, 41, 6640 (2002)

Applications Isotope labelled d3; 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-methylnaphthalene-d3; (Vitamin K3), precursor to various types of Vitamin K. Used as a micronutrient for livestock and pet foods.
References Sakamoto, S., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 2955 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Hu, W., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 398, 245 (2010),

Applications Auraptene is a natural bioactive monoterpene coumarin ether. Auraptene has shown a remarkable effect in the prevention of degenerative diseases.
References Brunhofer, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 669 (2012); Furukawa, Y., et al.: Int. J. Mole. Sci., 13, 5338 (2012);

Applications (20S)-Protopanaxatriol acts as an inhibitor in the production of corticosteroids in fasciculata cells. Used in the clinical treatment of heart diseases.
References Hasegawa, E. et al.: Life Sci., 92, 687 (2013); Wang, X. et al.: Pathobiol., 79, 285 (2012);

Applications SR9243 is used in new compounds targeting warburg effcts, killing cancer cells and inhibiting lipid production.
References Anon.: Cancer Discovery, 5, 898 (2015)

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications The vitamin that mediates intestinal calcium absorbtion, bone calcium metabolism and probably, muscle activity. Occurs in and is isolated from fish liver oils. Vitamin D acts through a receptor that is a member of the ligand-dependent transcription factor superfamily. Modulates the proliferation and differentiation of both normal and cancer cells. Has antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects on breast, colon, and prostate cancer cells. Activated vitamin D receptors in intestine and bone maintain calcium absorbance and homeostasis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Haussler, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 247, 2328 (1972), Holick, M.F., Rec. Res. Canc. Res., 164, 3 (2003), Palmer, H.G., et al.: Cancer Res., 63, 7799 (2003), Welsh, J., et al.: J. Nutr., 133, 2425S (2003),