Carbohidratos y glucoconjugados

<p>3'-Sialyl Lewis x-HSA is a custom synthesis of a high purity, complex carbohydrate that has been modified to include fluorination. This product is synthesized from a monosaccharide and an oligosaccharide. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and is useful in the treatment of type II diabetes.</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Gal (B antigen pentasaccharide Type I)</p>

<p>Monosialyl, monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose I is a high purity sugar that has been custom synthesized for Click modification. The glycosylation reaction of this sugar was performed with methylated bovine erythrocyte as the glycosylase donor. The product will be delivered in the form of white powder and is available at CAS No. 71607-56-1.</p>

<p>The glycoconjugate is a glycosylation of an oligosaccharide with a monosaccharide. It is synthesized by the reaction of an activated saccharide with an alcohol or amine, and is modified by methylation, click modification, fluorination or acetylation. The glycoconjugate has been shown to be used as a potential treatment for cancer.</p>

<p>Heparin derived dp20 saccharide ammonium salt is a synthetic, high purity, complex carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination and methylation. It is a polysaccharide composed of repeating units of D-glucosamine and D-mannose, which are linked by alternating alpha 1-6 and alpha 1-4 glycosidic bonds. This product can be used as a monosaccharide or sugar in the synthesis of oligosaccharides or polysaccharides.</p>

<p>The core trisaccharide of the ganglioside GD2,protected with a propargyl glycoside group, is the most prominent alkynyl glycoside used in oligosaccharide synthesis (Das, 2016). The structure (sodium salt) comprises (GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) of its two sialic acids linked α2,3/α2,8 to the central galactose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GD2 ganglioside is expressed at a low concentration in the central nervous system, nerves, skin melanocytes and stem cells in healthy adults. On the other hand, GD2 ganglioside is overexpressed in a number of tumors including neuroblastoma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma and brain tumors. Recently, GD2 ganglioside has been found in low concentrations on breast cancer stem cells (CSC) that possess: self-renewal properties (division without disrupting the undifferentiated state) and tumor-initiating capabilities. It has been suggested that GD2 ganglioside may be developed as an effective target antigen for CSC immunotherapy (Fleurence, 2017).</p>

<p>Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose-APD-HSA is a complex carbohydrate that is a custom synthesis. It has been modified by the addition of difucosyl groups to the para position of lactose and by the attachment of an APD moiety to the N-acetyl group of hexitol. The molecular weight is approximately 1,000 Da. This product is used in glycosylation reactions, such as polysaccharide synthesis, and in fluorination reactions. Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose-APD-HSA can be found under CAS No. 366511-00-7 and is soluble in water and DMSO.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllactosyl azide is a complex carbohydrate that is modified with fluorination, saccharide modification, and methylation. 3'-Sialyllactosyl azide is synthesized from a monosaccharide by glycosylation, methylation, click modification, or polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 814-07-1. This product can be custom synthesized to meet the customer's needs.</p>

<p>Sialyl-Lex-hexa-APD-HSA is a high purity synthetic glycosylation that is custom synthesized. It has been modified with fluorination, methylation, and click modification. Sialyl-Lex-hexa-APD-HSA can be used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and is available in CAS Number: 75869-57-3.</p>

<p>This is a custom synthesis of a polysaccharide.</p>

<p>G-NGA2 N-glycan is a custom synthesis and modification of the carbohydrate. This product contains a fluorination, methylation, and monosaccharide. The average molecular weight is 1257. G-NGA2 N-Glycan is a saccharide that is synthesized from glucose by glycosyltransferase. It can be modified with a click reaction to form an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide. G-NGA2 N-Glycan has been assigned the CAS number 103584-68-5 and molecular weight of 1257 Da.</p>

<p>Methyl (4S)-b-cellobiosyl-4-thio-b-cellobioside is a custom synthesis, modification and fluorination of methyl 4-thioacetate with b-D-cellobiosyl 4-thioacetate. This complex carbohydrate has been shown to have antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and can be used as a monotherapy or in combination therapy for HSV1 infections. It inhibits the viral process by inhibiting the viral DNA polymerase and preventing DNA replication. Methyl (4S)-b-cellobiosyl-4-thio-b-cellobioside also inhibits the enzyme glycosyltransferase that is required for HSV1 replication.<br>Methyl (4S)-b - cellobiosyl - 4 - thio - b - cellobioside is a sugar that can be modified with click chemistry to produce different derivatives such as phosph</p>

<p>a-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-1)-a-D-galactopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the saccharides. It is an oligosaccharide that contains both a monosaccharide and a disaccharide. This compound is synthesized from sugar, which is obtained from sucrose. The sugar molecule has been modified with fluorination, methylation, glycosylation, and click chemistry. This product has high purity and can be custom synthesized for any specific requirements.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-difucohexaose I-APD-HSA is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 5,000 Da. It is modified with fluorine and methyl groups at the C6 and C1 positions. Lacto-N-difucohexaose I-APD-HSA is synthesized by click chemistry and has been shown to be effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. This sugar can be modified by glycosylation or carbohydrate modification.</p>

<p>The H-BSA-15-atom spacer is a synthetic polymer that can be modified to create a glycolipid or glycopeptide. The H-BSA-15-atom spacer is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 3,500 daltons and has been custom synthesized for this use. This product is highly purified and does not contain any other substances, such as proteins. It has been fluorinated to increase its resistance to degradation by enzymes. Glycosylation and click modification have also been performed on the H-BSA-15 atom spacer.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactofuranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a carbohydrate that belongs to the class of disaccharides. It is a member of the family of b-D-galactofuranosides, which are derived from the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages in b-D-galactopyranose. 2A2DDG has been shown to interact with sulfate groups and nonreducing sugars. The interaction between 2A2DDG and sulfate groups may be due to the presence of hydroxyl group on the molecule's side chain. The disaccharide can be used as an analogue for glycosylation experiments, such as those involving glycosyltransferases or glycosidases.</p>

<p>(R)-3-((R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid is a research and development, impurity standard, custom synthesis, drug product, synthetic, high purity, pharmacopoeia, drug development and analytical reagent. CAS No. 162148-17-6</p>

<p>The b-D-Fructofuranosyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is a sugar molecule that is a carbohydrate. It contains sugar phosphates and an aldehyde group. The hydroxyl groups on the molecule can be found on the hydroxyl, ketone, and alcohols that are present. This carbohydrate also has hemiketal and sugar alcohol groups. These molecules have six carbon atoms in their molecular structure with one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom attached to each of them. The deoxy form of this molecule is not active for DNA synthesis or protein synthesis but it can be used as an intermediate in the production of other sugars such as maltose, cellobiose, and sucrose.</p>

<p>6'-Sialyllactose-PAA-biotin is a high purity, custom synthesis, and synthetic oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 792.04 Da. It is a glycosylated saccharide that has been modified with fluorination, glycosylation, methylation and click modification.</p>

<p>Disaccharide alcohol from agarobiose by reduction with Na borohydride</p>

<p>4-O-(2-O-Methyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a disaccharide. The lacto-n-biose unit is a nonreducing sugar that contains an alpha, beta unsaturated 1,6 glycosidic bond and a lactose molecule. 4-O-(2-O-Methyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose has been found to stimulate the synthesis of galectin in vitro, which may be due to its ability to bind to lectins. This disaccharide can also cause denaturation at high temperatures.</p>

<p>4-Glucopyranosylmannose is a disaccharide compound, which is a synthetic carbohydrate derived from the enzymatic or chemical glycosylation processes. It consists of glucose and mannose units linked through a glycosidic bond. The compound is sourced through advanced synthetic methodologies involving specific glycosyltransferases or chemical catalysts that facilitate the precise attachment of these sugar moieties.</p>

<p>Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is expressed in the brain and is involved in the development of myelin. This compound has been shown to inhibit the transfer of sulfate groups, which are essential for the synthesis of GAGs. Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine inhibits transglycosylation reactions, which is a process by which sugar moieties are transferred from one molecule to another. This inhibition results in decreased cross-coupling reactions and decreases the production of GAGs. Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine has been shown to have potent inhibitory properties against sulfonylating enzymes, such as regiospecifically catalyzed sulfonylation and transglycosylation. It also has been shown to inhibit the transition state in an enzymatic reaction involving triazoles.</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Glucosyl-D-mannobiose is a specialized carbohydrate substrate, which is derived from complex polysaccharides typically found in plant cell walls. It acts as a substrate for endo-1,4-β-mannanase, an enzyme that cleaves specific glycosidic bonds within mannans. This substrate facilitates the investigation of enzymatic activity by allowing the measurement of endo-1,4-β-mannanase efficiency and specificity under controlled conditions.In biochemical enzyme assays, 1,4-β-D-Glucosyl-D-mannobiose serves as a critical component for quantifying mannanase activity. It enables researchers to study the enzyme's role in various biological processes, including polysaccharide degradation. Additionally, this product is invaluable in in vitro diagnostic analyses where precise enzyme activity assessment is crucial for understanding pathological states or the functionality of industrial enzyme preparations. Its applications extend to biotechnology research, where it aids in the formulation of enzyme-based solutions and optimization of enzymatic reactions in diverse biological and industrial contexts.</p>

<p>The major gel forming component in agar, agarose, consists of a linear chain of sequences of 1,3 linked β-D-galactopyranosyl units and 1,4 linkages to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranosyl units. Gelation is done via the formation of double helices (Arnott, 1974). Agar's properties are similar to gelatin as it is primarily used as a plating gel for microbial cultures (Lahaye, 1991). However, agar is a good substitute for animal-based gelatin in vegetarian foods and is easy to use in food gels in a similar way to the carrageenans. Common food applications of agar include: puddings, custards, and soft candies. Agar improves the texture of processed cheese and frozen desserts, and is also added to baked goods to inhibit staling. A creative food application uses agar-based gel cubes that are infused with fruit extract or wine to make a vegetable-based aspic (Armisén, 2009).<br>Agar contains two polysaccharides Agarobiose and Agaropectin. Both Gelidium latifolium and Gelidium amansii are sources of both Agar and Agarose. The images were kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.<br>Agaropectin<br>Agaropectin is a sulphated non-gelling galactan comprising about 30% of Agar. Half ester sulphate is present in varying amounts plus D-glucuronic acid and small amounts of pyruvic acid. As with Agarose the main chain has alternating residues of D-galactose and L-galactose heavily modified with acidic side-groups which are usually sulfate, glucuronate, and pyruvate. Pyruvic acid is possibly attached in an acetal form to the D-galactose residues of the agarobiose skeleton. No formal structure of Agaropectin appears to have been published.<br>Agarose<br>Agarose is a linear gelling polysaccharide of (1-3) linked β-D-galactopyranose residues linked to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranose via 1-4 bonds. Agar contains about 60% Agarose.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-4-O-levulinoyl-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6,3'-tri O -benzylidene -2,4′-(1,3,5) triazine -6,7′-[1,3]dioxane</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-6-O-(a-2-N-acetylneuraminyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranose (Neu5Ac) is a methylated saccharide that is synthesized by the enzyme glycosylase. The acetamido group on the sugar reacts with the amino group at position 6 of the sugar to form a Schiff base, which then undergoes an elimination reaction to generate 2,6-dideoxygalactose. This product can be modified using click chemistry or other modification techniques such as Glycosylation, High purity, Carbohydrate, sugar, Synthetic, Fluorination and more.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllactose-APD-HSA is a complex carbohydrate with Oligosaccharide and Polysaccharide. It is a modification of saccharides, which are composed of monosaccharides or simple sugars. 3'-Sialyllactose-APD-HSA is a synthetic compound that has been modified by the addition of fluorine atoms to the sugar molecule. This modification prevents the sugar from being broken down by enzymes in the body and ensures that it remains intact until it reaches its target site. 3'-Sialyllactose-APD-HSA is used as a drug delivery system for cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel.</p>

<p>NGA3F N-Glycan is a custom synthesis product that has been fluorinated, methylated, and modified with a click modification. It is a monosaccharide that can be found in the form of polysaccharides or glycosylations. This product is made of saccharides, which are carbohydrates that have been modified with glycosylation or polysaccharide modifications. NGA3F N-Glycan can be used in a variety of applications such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics.</p>

<p>Hydroxyvarenicline N-oxide is a drug product with a purity of 98.0%. It is an analytical standard used in metabolism studies, drug development, and pharmacopoeia. It has been shown to be metabolized by CYP450 enzymes to form its metabolite hydroxyvarenicline N-oxide sulfate. The CAS number for this compound is 2306217-11-6.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that is fluorinated and methylated to create an acetal. The monosaccharide is a custom synthesis that has been modified with click chemistry. This oligosaccharide is found in glycosylation reactions and can be used for the synthesis of polysaccharides. Methyl 2 acetamido 4 O-(2 acetamido 3,4,6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy b D glucopyranosyl) 2 deoxy b D glucopyranoside has CAS Number 97242 82 5.</p>

<p>3-O-b-D-Galactosylsucrose is a synthetic, fluorinated, high purity, oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that contains an O-linked glycosylated monosaccharide. This product has been modified with a click modification. The CAS number for this product is 686717-73-7 and it can be synthesized to order.</p>

<p>CAS No. 71208-05-4 is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the group of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and modifications of saccharides. This compound was synthesized by methylation, glycosylation, carbamoylation and fluorination. It is available in high purity and with low impurities.</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a synthetic glycoside that has been modified with fluorination. It is an oligosaccharide sugar that has been synthesized from the monosaccharide galactose and the disaccharide maltose. The chemical formula for this compound is C14H22FNO6. This product can be used in custom synthesis or as a research reagent.</p>

<p>Methyl 4-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a modification of a sugar molecule. It is an oligosaccharide that is a complex carbohydrate. This product can be custom synthesized to order with high purity and CAS number. The chemical name for this product is methyl 4-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside, which is a monosaccharide. Methyl 4-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside has glycosylation and polysaccharides. This product can be fluorinated or saccharified with methylation.</p>

<p>Tool for studying carbohydrate metabolism</p>

<p>3-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-galactose is a synthetic compound that is synthesized by the reaction of 3,4,6-trihydroxypyranose with trifluoroacetic anhydride. The product can be purified to the desired level of purity using preparative HPLC or recrystallization. The CAS number for this compound is 97096-73-6.END&gt;</p>

<p>Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate that has been modified with methylation and glycosylation. It is an oligosaccharide that is found in human serum albumin. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA has been shown to have antitumor activity. It also inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are enzymes that maintain the integrity of bacterial DNA. This compound binds to two sites on the 16S ribosomal RNA of bacteria and can inhibit protein synthesis, leading to cell death by inhibiting production of proteins vital for cell division. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA has undergone fluorination and click modification.<br>Methylation: A process whereby a methyl group (-CH3) is added to an organic molecule via a chemical</p>

<p>GM1-Lysoganglioside (sodium salt) has the core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acid linked α2,3 to the inner galactose residue and sphingosine linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GM1 lysoganglioside has been shown that it is capable of binding amyloid-β proteins and can act as a seed for amyloid fibril formation, in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (Chiricozzi, 2020).</p>

<p>Man-3-F N-Glycan is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is a polysaccharide that is modified with methylation, glycosylation and click modification. Man-3-F N-Glycan is a high purity product that has been fluorinated for use in synthetic biology.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a disaccharide that is the residue of 6-fluoro-3-indoxyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. This product is a glycoside of methyl 3,6,3',6'-tetraacetate and b-D-galactose.</p>

<p>GQ1b ganglioside (ammonium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the terminal galactose residue, and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). Anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibody is associated with Miller Fisher syndrome and is also found in patients with related conditions that may share the same pathogenic mechanism, such as, Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis. Thus, the measurement of anti-GQ1b antibody in suspected cases of Miller Fisher syndrome is a useful diagnostic marker (Paparounas, 2004). It has been found that GQ1b ganglioside contributes to synaptic transmissions and synapse formation. Low concentrations of GQ1b ganglioside, evoked dopamine (DA) release from laboratory tissues (Chen, 2018).</p>

<p>A2 N-glycan is a complex carbohydrate that is found in invertebrates and mammals. The A2 N-glycan was found to be the most abundant of all glycoproteins in invertebrates, with a relative abundance of over 50%. It has been shown that the A2 N-glycan can be modified by covalent linking to proteins, differentiating it from other glycans. These modifications may have an effect on the structural stability of the molecule and its susceptibility to environmental degradation. The A2 N-glycan also plays an important role in immunity, as it is immunogenic and can stimulate antibody production. This carbohydrate is uniquely found in humans, which suggests that it may have some importance in human physiology.</p>

<p>N-Glycolyl GM1 ganglioside has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with N-glycolyl sialic acid linked α2,3 to the central galactose residu,e and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). SV40, Py, and the human BK viruses are unusual among viruses in that they use glycolipids as their major cell surface receptors. SV40 uses the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) analog of the ganglioside GM1 [GM1(Gc)] as the cell surface receptor and it gave markedly stronger binding signals than the NeuAc analog [GM1(Ac)] (Campanero-Rhodes, 2007).</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a Custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the modification of natural sugars. This product has been fluorinated, methylated and modified with click chemistry. It is saccharide consisting of two monosaccharides, which are 2 acetamido 4 O-(2 acetamido 2 deoxy a D glucopyranosyl)-2 deoxy D galactopyranose and 2 deoxy D galactose. The molecular weight of this compound is 528.5 g/mol.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-fucopentaose II-APD-KLH is a fluorinated, monosaccharide, synthetic, oligosaccharide, complex carbohydrate. It has CAS No. 21973-23-9 and a custom synthesis. Lacto-N-fucopentaose II-APD-KLH can be used as a glycosylation or polysaccharide with click modification or methylation. The high purity of this product is 99%.</p>

<p>Monofucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I is an oligsaccharide that is found in human milk</p>

<p>4-Deoxy-D-chitobiose heptaacetate is a synthetic compound that has been modified by the addition of a heptaacetate group. This modification provides an additional site for attachment to other molecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. The fluorination of this saccharide provides further protection against degradation and increases its stability in aqueous solutions. 4-Deoxy-D-chitobiose heptaacetate is available in high purity and can be custom synthesized to meet your needs.</p>

<p>Man5GlcNAc is a glycoprotein that is expressed in the Golgi apparatus of mammalian cells. It is cleaved by alpha-mannosidase II and alpha-mannosidase I, which are enzymes located in the golgi apparatus. Man5GlcNAc has been shown to be an effective glp-1 analogue, which is a hormone that stimulates insulin secretion. This protein has also been shown to have structural similarities to high mannose type oligosaccharides, which are found on the surface of some bacteria. The protein may also act as a signal peptide for proteins that are exported from the golgi to the cell membrane.</p>

<p>Penta-guluronic acid sodium salt (1,4-linked α-L-sodium guluronopentaose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate which is a polysaccharide in brown seaweeds containing: blocks of repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences. This oligosaccharide can be released by acid hydrolysis (Shimokawa, 1996) and a number of biological activities have been discussed in a recent review (Xing, 2020).</p>