Substrats fluorescents

6-Carboxytetramethyl rhodamine is a fluorescent dye that is used to measure the presence of cancer cells in urine samples. It binds to human protein and has been shown to be a useful probe for fluorescence measurements. 6-Carboxytetramethyl rhodamine has also been used as a fluorescence probe for the detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and michaelis–menten kinetics in cyclic peptides.

Single isomer of 5(6)-ROX. It is a fluorescent dye used in RT-PCR methods as an internal reference to determine fluorescence variation that is not associated with the amplification process (plastic of the wells, small differences in concentration or volume, instrument measurements). It produces a constant fluorescence emission signal during the PCR process that is used to normalise the emission produced by the reporter. The fluorescence signal is compatible with most reporters. It is used to label the 5’ end of oligonucleotides as a reporter in the presence of a quencher at the 3’ end (dual labelled probe). During the amplification, the dye is cleaved, and the fluorescence increases proportionally with the amount of the specific sequence amplified during the PCR process. The development of the fluorescence signal is therefore specifically related to the amplification of the target sequence. 6-ROX with NHS-activated carboxylic acids reacts with primary amines.

Indocyanine green is a fluorescent dye with a variety of applications in medical imaging. It has been used to diagnose and evaluate the activity of cancer cells and brain functions. Indocyanine green has also been used as an angiographic agent for diagnosis of solid tumours. In addition, it can be used to evaluate liver function and the blood flow in the brain. The biological properties of indocyanine green have not yet been fully elucidated, but it is known that it binds to hepatocyte-like cells in culture and is found at high levels in human serum. This dye shows fluorescence when bound to DNA or RNA, which indicates its possible use as a molecular probe for detecting carcinoma cells. 
Indocyanine green is a STT3B inhibitor and has been shown to prevent α-amanitin toxicity in mice (Wang et al, 2023). This means it could be a possible antidote to poisoning by Amanita, such as death cap mushroom Amanita phalloides, which is the cause of over 90% of fatal mushroom poisoning.

Produces a fluorogenic signal in the presence of peroxidase