Toxicologie

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Metolachlor (M338702), which is an acyanilide herbicide similar to selective pre-emergence herbicides (1). It is a contaminant in the groundwater and potential pollutant (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. McGahen, L. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978 26 (2), pp 414–4192. Chesters, G. et al.: Rev. Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989;110:1-74.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Tolyl-d4-sulfonamide is the labeled analogue of 4-Tolylsulfonamide (T536630), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used the synthesis of antiglaucoma and anticancer drugs.<br>References Vullo, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 963 (2005); Vullo, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 971 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Mosapride (M731000).<br>References Chen, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 40, 142 (2006), Pedraglio, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 44, 665 (2007), Christopher, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 36, 1341 (2008), Curran, M., et al.: Drugs, 68, 981 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Des-(2,2-methylbutyryl) Spirodiclofen is a metabolite of Spirodiclofen (S682990) in animals and plants. Spirodiclofen is a tetronic acid acaricide used in controlling red mites.<br>References Demaeght, P., et al.: Insect Biochem. Molec., 43, 544 (2013); Koester, J.: Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer, 55, 237 (2002); Rauch, N., et al.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 74, 91 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Estradiol.<br>References Bucala, R., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 60, 841 (1985), Telang, N., et al.: Anticancer Res., et al.: 11, 1021 (1991), Seeger, H., et al.: Med. Sci. Res., 26, 481 (1998), Bolton, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 13, 135 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pencycuron is an urea based fungicide developed specifically against the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani for which it was developed. Pencycuron has also been used for controlling sheath blight of rice.<br>References Loos, M., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 9830 (2012); Yang, A., et al.: Food. Control., 28, 99 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Enflurane is an anaesthetic compound used in the treatment of hyperthermia and hypertension as well as other instances requiring a controlled physiological environment.<br>References Kotani, N, Brain Res. Bull., 93, 69 (2013); Sigmond, N. Brit. J. Anaesth., 111, 197 (2013); Visoiu, M. et al.: Anesth. Anal., 118, 388 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 24 Bisphenol S-13C12 is a material used in thermal printing. Used in the development of black leuco dyes.<br>References Shima, H. et al.: J. Imag. Sci. Technol., 54, 020502 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications cis-N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine can be the cis-metabolite of Butadiene monoepoxide (BMO), a mutagen and carcinogen compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetochlor ESA Sodium Salt is an amido sulfonate compound for proteomics research.<br>References Zhang, Q., et al.: Science of Total Environment, 580, 1268-1275 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiometon Sulfoxide is a metabolite from Thiometon (D231370) pesticides, used as an insecticide. Cholinesterase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Edson, E.F., et al.: Pharm. J., 185, 365 (1960), Pozo, O., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1765 (2007), Mezcua, M., et al.: Anal. Chem., 81, 913 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oleuropein Aglycone is a natural phenol that is abundant in extra virgin olive oil. Studies show that Oleuropein Aglycone could provide protective and therapeutic effects against a number of pathologies including Alzheimer's disease, as well as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic hepatitis.<br>References Casamenti, F., et al.: J. Alzheimers Dis., 45, 679 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Metaproterenol (M225835). Bronchodilator.<br>References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2-Difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-4-carboxylic acid<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of 1-Naphthol.<br>References Redegeld, F., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 244, 263 (1988), Lohr, J., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 50, 107 (1998), Yokota, H., et al.: Biochem. J., 340, 405 (1999), Daidoji, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 31, 993 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Mydriatic.<br>References Bhargava, K., et al.: Br. J. Pharmcol., 24, 641 (1965), Bolton, T., et al.: J. Physiol., 570, 5 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Febuxostat-d7, is the labeled analogue of Febuxostat-d7 (F229000), a Xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout.<br>References Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993), Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003), Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005), Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Thiodiphosphoric Acid Tetramethyl Ester is an impurity of Malathion (M111000), a pestanal and used primarily as an insecticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Toia, R.F., et. al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 28, 599 (1980); Josse, R et al.: Chem. Bio., Interact., 209, 76 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications 1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium Dichloride is a widely used herbicide that is quick acting and non-selective. 1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium Dichloride was found to be linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cao, L., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 405, 2635 (2013); Xie, H., et al.: Immunoptherap., 4, 1809 (2012); Mineau, P., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 34, 416 (2012); Jilani, M., et al.: Adv. Environ. Biol., 6, 2502 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Istradefylline is a selective A(2A) antagonist used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dungo, R. et al.: Drugs., 73, 875 (2013); Stoessel, A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 4580 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4'-Dichlorobenzophenone is used in the synthesis of triarylcarbinol analogs of fenarimol as potent inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi. It can also be used to prepare fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors.<br>References Keenan, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 4189 (2012); Roughley, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 22, 901 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist with anticholinesterase activity. Gastroprokinetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Iwanaga, Y., et al; Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 56, 261 (1991), Mushiroda, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1231 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,8-Naphthoic Anhydride is used in the synthesis of napthalimide analogues as anticancer agents.<br>References Verma, M. et al.: Eur, J, Med. Chem., 68 (2013); Quintana-E,. et al.: Bioorg, Med. Chem., 21, 6484 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorthiamid<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-Quinic Acid γ-Lactone is an intermediate in the synthesis of 4-O-(E)-Feruloylquinic Acid (F308985). 4-O-(E)-Feruloylquinic Acid is a phenolic acid with potential antioxidant and antifungal activities. Secondary metabolite in the coffee brewing process.<br>References Matei, M. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 60, 12105 (2012); Dokli, I. et al.: Tetrahedron Asymm., 24, 785 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid 3-O-Sulfate is a possible metabolite of alkylresorcinol in humans.<br></p>

<p>Applications Lynestrenol is an orally available progestogen hormone used in contraception to avoid hereditary angiodema as well as in treatment of ischemic stroke.<br>References Saule, C. et al.: Clin. Exp. Allergy, 43, 475 (2013); Beraki, S. et al.: PLoS One., 8, e69233 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalimide is a reagent used to transform allyl- and alkyl halides into protected primary amines. Phthalimide analogues have been extensively used in medicinal chemistry owing to their wide spectrum of applications as anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypolipidimic and immunomodulatory activities. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Sharma, U., et al.: Med. Chem., 10, 678 (2010); Reddy, P.Y., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 62, 2652 (1997); Le, Z.G., et al. Synthesis., 208 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isoxaflutole is an pesticide used to selectively control both grass and broad-leaved weeds in maize and sugar cane. Isoxaflutole is known to work by inhibiting the enzyme 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) which results in the disruption of pigment biosynthesis.<br>References Fillosls, E.F., et al.: Int. Sugar. J., 115, 135 (2013); Laini, A., et al.: Sci. Total. Environ., 438, 312 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Herbicide safener.<br>References Lee, H., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 40, 862 (2005), Wright, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 5638 (2007), Brazier-Hicks, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 21102 (2008), Vinggaard, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 21, 813 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Auxin-type herbicide.<br>References Ecker, J., et al.: Science, 268, 667 (1995), Grossmann, K., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 52, 111 (1998), Martin, P., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 19, 2987 (2000), Grossmann, K., et al.: J. Exp. Bot., 52, 1811 (2001), van Eerd, L., et al.: Weed Res., 44, 355 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triphenyltin Acetate is an organotin compound. Triphenyltin Acetate much like its hydroxide analogue is used as a fungicide and antifeeding compound for insect control. Recent studies show that Triphenyltin Acetate may have adverse effects on the reproductive and immune systems and may disrupt the endocrine system.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Soderquist, J.S. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 28, 111 (1980); J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 7, 281 (2004); Livingston, J.M. et al.: J. Georgia Entamol. Soc., 13, 148 (1978); Sarpa, M. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 73, 965 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Celecoxib-d7 is the labeled analogue of Celecoxib (C251000), a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. Anti-inflammatory. Used in treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Simon, L.S., et al.: Arthritis Rheum., 41, 1591 (1998); Silverstein, F.E., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 284, 1247 (2000); Steinbach, G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 342, 1946 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Zineb is a fungicide that is a potential contaminant in food and has been under biological studies to evaluate the adverse effect and toxicity of low doses on thyroid function in male rat.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Nebbia, C., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 56, 847 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cefodizime is a third generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Cefodizime maybe useful in the treatment of otitis media, sinusitis and gynaecological infections, and for the prophylaxis or treatment of surgical infections.<br>References Barradel, L.B. et al.: Drugs, 44, 800 (1992); Kasai, K. et al.: Jap. J. Antibiot., 37, 1306 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Sulfosulfuron is used in the synthetic preparation of herbicidal mixed compositions containing 2-chloro-3-(methylsulfanyl)-N-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide or its salt towards weed control.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lorentz, L.; et al.: PCT Int. Appl. 340pp. Patent 2017 CODEN:PIXXD2<br></p>

<p>Applications Lurasidone (cas# 367514-87-2) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A triazinetrione anticoccidial. Coccidiostat.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eberts, T., et al.: Clin. Chem., 25, 1440 (1979), Goodwin, M., et al.: Avian Dis., 29, 630 (1985), Sorensen, S., et al.: Clin. Chim. Acta, 264, 103 (1997), Conway, D., et al.: Poult. Sci., 280, 426 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Benzydamine (B209950). A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with local anaesthetic, analgesic and antipyretic properties.<br>References Passali, D., et al.: Clin. Ther., 23, 1508 (2001), Erbagci, Z., et al.: J. Dermatol., 31, 376 (2004), Sarveiya, V., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 26, 39 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications Dopamine (D1 and D2) receptor agonist. Emetic. Antiparkinsonian.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Neumeyer, J.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 1850 (1970), Ginos, J.Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1194 (1975), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 121 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Uric Acid-1,3-15N2 is the labeled analogue of Uric Acid (U829200), a heterocyclcic compound that is created when purine nucleotides are broken down of by the human body. High blood concetration of Uric Acid is known as hyperuricemia and is often associated with a wide range of disorders and medical conditions such as gout, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Uric acid may be a marker of oxidative stress and may have a potential therapeutic role as an antioxidant.<br>References Heinig, M. et al.: Cle. Clin. J. Med., 73, 1059 (2006); Glantzounis, G.K. et al.: Curr. Pharmac. Des., 11, 4145 (2005); Dehghan, A. et al.: Diab. Care, 31, 361 (2008); Nakagawa, T. et al.: Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 290, F625 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications The major metabolite of herbicidal Glufosinate (G596950).<br></p>