Toxicologie

<p>Applications O-Benzyl Ganciclovir N-Formamide is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Valganciclovir N3,N3'-Methylene Dimer (&gt;90%) (V092015), which is an impurity of Valganciclovir (V092000), a pro-drug of Ganciclovir (G235000) . Used in treatment of retro-virus.<br>References Acosta, E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 81, 867 (2007), Nassetta, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 63, 862 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Trimazosin is useful in therapy as potent antihypertensive agents.<br>References Andrews, C., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 639 (2000), Davis, A., et al.: Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 8, 378 (2004), Votano, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 7169 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Ethyl Alcohol, used in alcoholic beverages in suitable dilutions. Other uses are as solvent in laboratory and industry , in the manufacture of denatured alcohol, pharmaceuticals, in perfumery, in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, R. et al.: Green Chem., 15, 1155 (2013); Zhao, D. et al.: Chem. Eng. J., 221, 99 (2013); Huang, C. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 61, 4326 (2013); Joichi, A. et al.: Aroma Res., 11, 256 (2010); Wiberg, G.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 718 (1970), Brown, N.A., et al.: Science, 206, 573 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlordene is an organochlorine pesticide/insecticide used in the protection of crops from pests.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shoeib, M. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 21, 984 (2002); Parlar, H. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem., 27, 278 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenobarbital 1,3-Diethyl Butyrate is a byproduct in the synthesis of Phenobarbital 1-Butyric Acid (P316750) which is a Phenobarbital derivative.<br>References Deleide, G., et al.: Clin. Chimica Acta, 99, 195 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(2-Formamido-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of cephalosporins which are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics which are active against gram-positive and potentially against gram-negative bacteria.<br>References Takasugi, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 846 (1983); Choi, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 48, 1375 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluazifop-methyl is an intermediate in the synthesis of (±)-Fluazifop (F407430). (±)-Fluazifop is a grass-selective herbicide which inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase in sensitive plant species.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Walker, K.A., et. al.: Biochem. J., 254, 307 (1988); Hajslova, J., et. al.: J. Chrom., 438, 55 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Lithium Salt, is a metabolic intermediate involved in involved in a wide variety of metabolic pathways including glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis. In plants, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is involved with the synthesis of vitamin B6.<br>References Jun Ogawa et. al.: et al.: Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 67(4), undefined (2003-6-6); John P Richard, Biochemistry, 51(13), undefined (2012-3-14);<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected 17β-Estradiol.<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the preparation of ribose sugar derivatives.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxy[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]cinnoline-3-carbonitrile is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Cinoxacin (C475700), which is an antibacterial quinolone previously known for its use in the treatment of urinary tract infections.<br>References Vargas, F. et al.: Toxicol. Mec. Meth., 13, 221, (2003); Vargas, F. et al.: J. Photochem. Photobiol. B., 92, 83 (2008); Sisca, T. et al.: Drugs., 25, 544 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(Chloromethyl)phthalimide is used in experimental determination of phosmet by high performance liquid chromatography. Phosmet is a phthalimide derived, non-systemic, organophosphate insecticide used on plants and animals.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dulak, K., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 396, 433 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the synthesis of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor.<br>References Kambara, T. et al.; J. Org. Chem. 64, 9282 (1999); Wu, G. et al.; J. Org. Chem. 62, 6412 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications (1S,2R)-1-((2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-Acetamido-4,6-diacetoxy-6-(methoxycarbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)propane-1,2,3-triyl Triacetate is an intermediate in synthesizing 2-O-Methyl-α-D-N-acetylneuraminic Acid (M275400), which is a model compound for studies of binding of influenza virus hemagglutinin and metal ions.<br>References Sauter, N.K., et al.: Biochemistry, 28, 8388 (1989); Sharon, N., et al.: Science, 246, 227 (1989); Nagy, J.O., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35 (23), (1992); Knibbs, R.N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268 (25), 18524 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxyoleyl O-(Methoxymethoxy)carnitine Ester Chloride Salt is an analog of Carnitine (C184110), an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fatty acids.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxyoleyl Carnitine 4-Methoxybenzyl Ester is an analog of Carnitine (C184110), an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fatty acids.<br></p>

<p>Applications ((2S,4R)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.<br>References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol-13C6 1-Acetate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Triclosan-13C6 (T774253). Isotope labelled Triclosan is used as bactericide and preservative for cosmetic and detergent compositions (1). Broadly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant (2). This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of Amprenavir, a selective HIV protease inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Azilsartan (A926900). An analgesic and antiinflammatory drugs containing angiotensin II antagonists.<br>References Kohara, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 5228 (1996), Plomgaard, P., et al.: Diabetes, 54, 2939 (2005), Fenton, C., et al.: Drugs, 2005, 65, 537,<br></p>

<p>Applications (3β,5α,22E)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy] Ergosta-7,22-diene is an intermedate in the synthesis of Episterol which is a compound influencing ergosterol biosynthesis, and thus acting as an antifungal agent.<br>References Mallory, J. et al.: Pharmacol., 3, 179 (2012); Mueller, C. et al.: Steroids, 78, 483 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of the metabolites of Nitazoxanide (N490100), an anthelmintic (cestodes), antiprotozoal (cryptosporidium) agent.<br></p>

<p>Applications (1S,2R,6R)-6-Acetoxy-2-((bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl benzoate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Shikimate-3-phosphate (S357026), an substrate for 5-Enolpyruvoyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the target for the board-spectrum herbicide N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine(glyphosate).<br>References Mooney, C.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 57, 3154 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenol is a building block that has been used as a reactant in the preparation of phenoxy-nicotinamides with bile acid receptor GPBAR1 (TGR5) inhibiotory activity.<br>References Martin, R.E., et. al.: ChemMedChem, 8, 569 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications rac-cis-Permethrinic acid is a potent insecticide used in the agricultural industry to eliminate unwanted pests from crops. rac-cis-Permethrinic acid is also metabolite of pyrethroid compounds, a group of pesticides that are relatively low toxicity (to organisms that are not intended to be targeted) and biodegradable.<br>References Kale, M., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 105, 197 (1999); Leszczynski, J., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 5891 (1993); Sodurlund, D. &amp; Bloomquist, J.: Ann. Rev. Entomol., 34, 77 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carnitine Methoxymethyl Ester Chloride Salt is an analog of Carnitine (C184110), an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fatty acids.<br></p>

<p>Applications A protected metabolite of Estradiol (E888000).<br></p>

<p>Applications (4R,12aS)-9-Bromo-3,4,12,12a-tetrahydro-4-methyl-7-(phenylmethoxy)-2H-pyrido[1',2':4,5]pyrazino[2,1-b][1,3]oxazine-d2-6,8-dione is an isotope labelled intermediate of Dolutegravir (D528800), a second generation HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Applications 6,​7-​Dichloro-​1,​4-​dihydro-​4-​oxo-​3-​quinolinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester is an intermediate in synthesizing 6-Chloro-6-defluoro Ciprofloxacin (C368035). It is an impurity of Ciprofloxacin (C482500), which is a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Hoffken, G., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 27, 375 (1985), Scully, B.E., et al.: Lancet, 1, 819 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications The labelled epimer of Medroxyprogesterone acetate (M203560). Progesterone impurity.<br>References Tang, M., et al.: Endocrinol., 151, 1320 (2010), Lee, K., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 319, 109 (2010), Rodgers, A., et al.: Chem., Res. Toxicol., 23, 724 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5H-Pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-D3 Boron Derivative is an intermediate in the synthesis of (R)-Ofloxacin-d3 (O245742), which is a labelled fluorinated quinolone antibacterial. An enantiomer of Levofloxacin (L360000).<br>References Hwangbo, H.J. et al.: Eur. J. Pharmac. Sci., 18, 197 (203); Gascon, A.R. et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol, 40, 869 (2000); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 346 (1987); Drlica, K., Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 504 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the preparation of triazole antifungal agents.<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-(-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethyl p-Toluenesulfonate is a chiral building block. It is used to prepare the antifungal agent ketoconazole. It is also used to prepare acyclic Nucleotide Analogs Derived from 8-Azapurines with antiviral activities.<br>References Rotstein, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 2818 (1992); Holy, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 4073 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications (2R,4S)-2-[(2S,5S)-5-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,6-dioxo-2-piperazinyl]-5,5-dimethyl-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid is an impurity in the synthesis of N-(Penicillan-6-yl) Open Ring Amoxicillinamide Disodium Salt , whch is an impurity of Amoxicillin (A634235); a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin (P233500). Antibacterial.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979); Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Octahydro-6-(phenylmethyl)-1H-Pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-d4 is an isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of moxifoxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Somisetti, N. et al.: Org. Chem. Indian J., 7, 123 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as a herbicide<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Davis, V., et al.: Weed Sci., 57, 494 (2009), Bellaloui, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 9050 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications (1-Ethoxycarbonylethyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide is a reagent that is used in the preparation abd Hepatitis C virus polymerase NS5B inhibitory of cyclohexylpyrazolylmethylacrylic acid.<br>References Martin S. W., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 2869 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fusidic Acid EP Impurity O<br>Applications 16-Deacetyl Fusidic Acid Sodium Salt (Fusidic Acid EP Impurity O) is an impurity of Fusidic acid.<br>References Godtfredsen, W.O., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,132, 1965 (1961),<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Epitacrolimus is a new l-pipecolic acid macrolide lactone, an important immunosuppressive drug that blocks T cell proliferation in vitro by inhibiting the generation of several lymphokines, especially IL-2. 8-Epitacrolimus is also an Epimer of Tacrolimus (F370000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Skytte, D.M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod.,73, 776 (2010); Rokaw, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 271, C194 (1996); Knoll, G.A., and Bell, R.C.: Brit. Med. J., 318, 1104 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications ((2S,4S)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.<br>References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Methotrexate Disodium Salt is a folic acid antagonist which is used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications 9-(2-Hydroxypropyl)adenine is the unlabeled form of 9-(2-Hydroxypropyl)adenine-13C5 (H952012), which is an intermediate used in the synthesis of rac Tenofovir-13C5 (&gt;90%) (T018501), the isotope labelled analog of Tenofovir (T018500); an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Also used as an anti-HIV agent and antiviral.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005); Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006); Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications (9Z)-Erythromycin A Oxime is a metabolite of Roxithromycin (R700850) in humans.<br>References Zhong, D. et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 552 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of the metabolites of Nitazoxanide (N490100), an anthelmintic (cestodes), antiprotozoal (cryptosporidium) agent.<br>References Honma, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 24, 394 (1976), Dubreuil, L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 2266 (1996), Stockis, A., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 34, 349 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Desmethoxy-8-hydroxy Moxifloxacin N-Allyloxycarbonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of isotope labelled fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3’,5’-Di-O-benzyl Entecavir is an intermediate in the preparation of the hepatitis B antiviral agent, Entecavir (E558900).<br>References Li, R. et al.: Zhong. Yao., 6, 292 (2008); Bisacchi, G.S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 127 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Estradiol.<br>References Lokind, K., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 127, 155 (1996), Bubert, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4431 (2007), Prokai-Tatrai, K., et al.: Steroids, 73, 280 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ertapenem N-tert-Butyloxycarbonyl 4-Nitrophenyl Methyl Ester is an protected analog of Ertapenem (E635000), an antibacterial agent belonging to group 1 carbapenem antibiotic.<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated metabolite of Terbinafine, an orally active, antimycotic allylamine related to naftifine.<br>References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984), Petranyi, G., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1365 (1987), Humbert, H., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 16, 685 (1995), Nejjam, F., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol.,132, 98 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications tert-Butyl ((1S)-1-Hydroxy-1(isobutylamino)-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate is an protected intermediate in the synthesis of Darunavir (D193500), a second generation HIV-1-protease inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Applications ((2R,4S)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.<br>References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-​Chloro-​5-​ethylamino Methyl Pyridine is an impurity of Nitenpyram (N490115), a chloronicotinyl insecticide; orally administered flea adulticide. Nitenpyram is used as an ectoparasiticide.<br>References Nauen, R., et al.: Pestic Sci., 44, 145 (1995), Chao, S., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 90, 879 (1997), Nagata, K., et al.: J. Pestic. Sci., 24, 143 (1999), Kim, J., et al.: Bio. Control., 52, 789 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 10-O-Acetyl SN-38-d3 is the isotope labelled protected metabolite of Irinotecan (I767500), an DNA topoisomerase inhibitor.<br>References Kunimoto, T., et al.: Cancer Res., 47, 5944 (1987), Shimada, Y., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 11, 909 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled 4-(Benzyloxy)-3-methoxy-benzyl Alcohol is an intermediate in the synthesis of gemifloxacin (G336000),an third generation fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Feng, L.S., et al.: European. J. Med. Chem., 55, 125 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol-d2 is the labelled analogue of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (T774145), which is used as a broad range pesticide against insects, fungi, vegetation and bacteria. It has become a common environmental contaminant and probable human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Amer, S. et al.: Cytologia, 39, 633 (1974); Xu, X. wt l.: Occup. Environ. Med., 68, 557 (2011); Sinclair, C.J. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 4617 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications A Rifamicyn derivative with therapeutic effect on pulmonary tuberculosis.<br>References Gozalbes, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 51, 111 (1999), Estrada, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 1975 (2000), Gonzalez-Diaz, H., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 1318 (2003), Garcia-Garcia, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 53, 65 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17α-Vinyltestosterone Acryl Ester is an intermediate in synthesizing 20,21-Dehydro Spironolactone (D229405), which is an impurity of Spironolactone (S683000), a synthetic 17-lactone steroid which is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist in a class of pharmaceuticals called potassium-sparing diuretics, used primarily to treat ascites in patients with liver disease, low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn’s syndrome.<br>References Sutter, J.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 431 (1975);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Midazolam (M343000).<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-8-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione (cas# 681001-30-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Bromoethyl Benzoate-d4 is a labelled analogue of 2-Bromoethyl Benzoate (B810050), a compound used as a reactant in the coupling of challenging heteroaryl halides with alkyl halides via nickel-ctalyzed cross-electrophile coupling.<br>References Hansen, E. C., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 82, 7085 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications Antihistaminic.<br>References Casy, A.F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 22, 270 (1970),<br></p>