Toxicologie

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Hydrochloride salt of Varenicline (V098492), a nicotinic α4β2 acetylcholine receptor partial agonist. Aids in smoking cessation.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Benowitz, N., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 44, 23 (1988), Cohen, C., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 306, 407 (2003), Tapper, A., et al.: Science, 306, 1029 (2004), Coe, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3474 (2005), Obach, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 34, 121 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Gadobutrol is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA).<br>References Laurent, S., et al.: Contrast Media Mol. Imaging, 1, 128 (2006); Frenzel, T., et al.: Invest. Radiol., 43, 817 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichloroacetic Acid, is a highly corrosive compound, but in a salt form is used therapeutically, due to their ability to inhibit the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. The studies has also shown, DCA has potential anticancer applications. This compound is suitable for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) related research.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kato, M., et al.: Structure, 15(8), 992 (2007); "Cheap, ‘safe’ drug kills most cancers". New Scientist. (2007); Michelakis, E. D., et al.: Sci. Transl. Med., 2(31) (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Irgarol (I764100). Irgarol is a highly specific and effective inhibitor of photosynthesis. This makes it ideal, combined with its very low water solubility, for use in long-life antifouling coatings for marine applications to prevent the growth of algae.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Okamura, H., et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health, B34, 225 (1999), Comber, S., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 286, 61 (2002), Gatidou, G, et al.: Environ. Int., 33, 70 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate-d8 is an isotopic analog of Bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (B433810) which acts as a plasticizer in the preparation of personal care products. Also used in changing the physical properties of rubbers.<br>References Oh, J. et al.: J. App. Polym. Sci., 131, 39795 (2014); Llompart, M. et al.: J. Chrom. A., 1293, 10 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Reproterol is an β2 adrenoceptor agonist for treating asthma. Reproterol is used as an bronchodilator.<br>References Sohda, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 30, 3580 (1982), Argenti, D., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 51, 400 (2001), Pearce, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 34, 1035 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications A substituted 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid, an excellent contrast media for ventriculography, radiculography, lumbar myelography and x-rays of the cardiovascular system.<br>References Frocrain, L., et al.: Radiology, 170, 531 (1989), van Waes, P.F., et al.: Eur. J. Radiology, 9,179 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Pretilachlor is a chloroacetanalide herbicide. Pretilachlor is commonly used for weed control in wet seeded rice<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mohankumar, P.D. et al.: J. Trop. Agric., 34, 149 (34, 149 (1996); Ravisankar, N. et al.: Ind. J. Agron., 53, 57 (2008); Singh, S. et al.: Crop Prot., 27, 660 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications One of the bioactive forms of Riboflavin. Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, leafy vegetables. Richest natural source is yeast. Minute amounts present in all plant and animal cells. Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).<br>References Unna, K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 76, 75 (1942), Rivlin, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 283, 463 (1970), Al-Shammary, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 429 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17-epi-Testosterone Enanthate, is a derivative of 17-epi-Testosterone (T155005).Testosterone and epitestosterone are endogenous steroids that differ in the configuration of the hydroxyl-bearing carbon at C-17. Testosterone is the predominant male sex hormone, whereas the role of epitestosterone is largely unclear. In humans, both androgens are excreted mainly as glucuronide conjugates.<br>References Wudy, S., et al.: Steroids, 66, 759 (2001), Kootstra, P., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta., 586, 82 (2007), Sten, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 37, 417 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Curcumin (C838500). A natural phenolic compound. Potent anti-tumor agent having anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Induces apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibits phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Reported to inhibit production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Potent inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase and IκB kinase. Inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase. Easily penetrates into the cytoplasm of cells, accumulating in membranous structures such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope.<br>References Srinivasan, et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 5, 448 (1953), Tu, B., et al.: J .Cell Biol., 164, 341 (2004), Xu, G., et al.: Biochemistry, 44, 9817 (2005), Johnson, J., et al.: Cancer Lett., 255, 170 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyldimyristylammonium bromide is a cationic surfactant used in the study of lipid raft domains in membranes.<br>References Uyama, M.; et al.: J. Oleo Sci., 67, 67 (2018).<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Chlorotriphenylstannane is used in the synthesis of nanoparticles which bear triamide ligands.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shariatinia, Z. et al.: Beil. J. Nanotech., 4, 94 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Rimsulfuron is used as a pesticide.<br>References Pennington, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1119 (2005), Wang, S., et al.: Food Control., 18, 731 (2007), Wolters, A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 405, 269 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications Insect repellent.<br>References Gilbert, I.H., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 48, 741 (1955), Ambrose, A.M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 1, 97 (1959), Blomquist, L., Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 41, 235 (1977), Yeung, J.M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 16, 600 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(butoxyethyl) Phosphate is used in biological studies as a metabolism of phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers using human liver fractions.<br>References Van den Eede, N., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 223, 9 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levothyroxine EP Impurity D / T4-Acetic Acid (USP)<br>Applications Thyroid hormone analogue. A potent Thyroxine impurity. T4-Acetic Acid (USP).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Horst, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 261, 945 (1989), Kvetny, J., et al.: Horm. Metab. Res., 24, 322 (1992), Yamauchi, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 8460 (1999), Davis, P., et al.: J. Endocrinol. Invest., 25, 377 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclopyrrolone member of a family of non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonists. This is a controlled substance (depressant) in the US but not in Canada. Sedative, hypnotic.<br>References Noble, S., et al.: Drugs, 55, 277 (1998), Musch, B., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 5, 147 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications S-3-p is the substrate for 5-Enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) which is the target for the broad-spectrum herbicide N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine(glyphosate).<br>References Chahoua, L., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 57, 5798 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as insecticide for terminate control; pre-harvest defoliant; general herbicide. Antimicrobial preservative and fungicide for wood, wood products, starches, textiles, paints, adhesives, leather, pulp, paper, industrial waste systems, building materials; Surface disinfectant. Exposure to PCP is also associated with carcinogenic, renal, and neurological effects. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). One of the new POPs under the Stockholm Convention<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications Brodifacoum is a highly lethal vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant poison. In recent years, Broadifacoum, has become one of the world's most widely used pesticides.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Scordo, M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 72, 702 (2002), Meijer, W., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 60, 57 (2004), Jones, D., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 939 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Adenine metabolite, which can be used as a plant growth regulator.<br>References Borrmann, T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 5974 (2009), Gokce, G., et al.: Biochem., 48, 4980 (2009), Castillo-Garit, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 39, 30 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihexadecyl(dimethyl)azanium bromide is an ionic olefin derivative used in the preparation of metal-containing ionic liquids for use in particle synthesis and materials with magnetic or thermochromic properties.<br>References Zabel, A.; et al.: Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17, 596/1 (2016).<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Amitraz (A633320).<br>References Knowles, C., et al.: J. Sci. Health, 16, 547 (1981), Zhu, N., et al.: J. Pestic., 33, 32 (1994), Du, X., et al.: Environ. Chem., 14, 258 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of Glycopyrrolate Bromide, a novel pharmaceutical compound based on PDE IV inhibitors. Glycopyrrolate Bromide is used in the treatment of respiratory complaints.<br>References Gomez, et al.: Br. J. Anaesth., 74, 549 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled semisynthetic derivative of Paclitaxel. An antimitotic agent that promotes the assembly of micro-tubules and inhibits their de-polymerization to free tubulin. An antineoplastic.<br>References Ringel, I., et al.: J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 83, 288 (1991), Extra, J.-M., et al.: Cancer Res., 53, 1037 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Acephate (A130850) acts as a contact and systemic insecticide in agriculture through pesticide formulations. Through perinatal exposure studies, it has been linked to hyperglycemia, changes in lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes (1). Acephate exposed Drosophila melanogaster potentially display an L-ascorbic acid mediated defense (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Standard for Pesticide detection. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br>References Ribeiro, T., et al.: Toxicology, 372, 12-21 (2016); Rajak, P., et al.: J. Hazard. Mater., 321, 690-702 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiobencarb is used as a pesticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Nishihara, T., et al.: J. Health Sci., 46, 282 (2000); Paya, P., et al.: Ana;. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1697 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Acetamide (A133060) which is often used as plasticizer and as industrial solvent (1). It can also be used for the transamidation of carboxamides in 1,4-dioxane in the absence of a catalyst (2) . Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Ma, X. et al.: Carb. Polym. 2004 Aug:57(2):197-2032. Vanjari, R. et al.: Tetrahedron. Lett. 2013 MayL54(20):2553-5<br></p>

<p>Applications Acrivastine is an allergy medication that is histamine H2 antagonists.<br>References Manna, V.K., et al.: J. Int. Med. Res., 20, 106 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications Its application as nitrification inhibitor of nitrogen fertilizers.<br>References Williams, B., et al.: J. Soil Sci., 34, 113 (1983), Leinweber, P., et al.: Biol. Fertil. Soils, 20, 17 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications The S-enantiomer of Clobenzorex (C583000), an anorexic.<br>References Thomasset, M., et al.: Experienta, 26, 692 (1970), Glasson, B., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 21, 1985 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenbuconazole is a conazole based fungicide used as a spray for the control of leaf spot, yellow and brown rust, powdery mildew and net blotch on wheat and barley and apple scab, pear scab and apple powdery mildew on apples and pears.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Reiss, R., et al.: Food. Chem. Toxicol., 50, 4421 (2012); Loos, M. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 9830 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bacitracin is a peptide antibiotic effective against gram-postive bacteria. Bacitracin is an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis. Bacitracin disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting dephosphorylation of lipid pyrophosphate. Bacitracin also strongly inhibits proline endopeptidase from human muscle.<br>References Ward, J.B. et al.: Biochem. J., 141, 227 (1974); Anastasi, A. et al.: Biochem. J., 290, 601 (1993); Daly, D.J. et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 13, 1161 (1985); Weinberg, E.D. et al.: Antibiot. Ber., 90, (1967);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Isopropyl quaternary salt of Atropine. Nonselective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator.<br>References Groeben, H., et al.: Anesthesiology, 85, 867 (1996), Haddad, et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 127, 413 (1999), Barnes, P. J., et al.: Chest, 117, 63S (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications δ-Ketoendrin is an isomerization product of Endrin (E555530), a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide that produces hepatic and neurologic toxicity. Endrin is also known to produce hyperexcitability of the human central nervous system that could result in convulsions. δ-Ketoendrin is an endocrine disrupting compound that has been found in human fetal and newborn tissues.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Burton, W.B., Pollard, G.E.: B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 12, 113 (1974); Bagchi, M., et al.: Arch. Env. Contam. Toxicol., 23, 1 (1992); Coble, Y., et al.: JAMA, 202, 489 (1967); Eisler, R. &amp; Edmunds, P.: Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 95, 153 (1966); Cappiello, A., et. al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 406, 2779 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Isopropylphenyl Methylcarbamate is a potential human-safe insecticide against the malaria mosquito.<br>References Hartsel, J. A., et al.: Bioorg. Medicinal Chem. Lett., 22, 4593 (2012); Naik, P. K., et al.: SAR QSAR Environ. Res., 20, 551 (2009); Shang, Z., et al.: Nongyaoxue Xuebao, 2, 17 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorantraniliprole-D3 is an isotopic labeled compound of Chlorantraniliprole (C325380); a pyrazolylpyridine insecticide and an activator of insect ryanodine receptor. Used in Pesticide detection.<br>References Lahm, G.P., et al.: Bioactive. Heterocyclic. Compound. Class., 251, (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications bis(8-Quinolinolato-κN1,κO8)-Copper is a disinfectant for vegetables. High polarity pesticide.<br>References Li, Z., et al.: Anal. Lett., 49, 737-743 (2016); Kim, H. S., et al.: Organohalog. Compd., 75, 359-362 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Diethylstilbestrol.<br>References Liehr, J.G., et al.: Steroids, 40, 713 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methylparaoxon is used in esterase detoxication of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor pesticides using human liver samples in vitro.<br>References Moser, V. C., et al.: Toxicology, 353, 11 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxamyl is a carbamate pesticide used to control nematode in protected crops and potato cultivation (1). Oxamyl metabolites are useful compounds to characterize omxamyl-degrading microbes and to investigate metabolic pathway of Oxamyl. Oximino Oxamyl is a metabolite of Oxamyl (O845140) in apple, orange, and tomato (2,3).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Rousidou, K., et al.: Front Microbiol. 29, 7 (2016)(2) Salama, A. K.: J Environ Sci Health B 33, 569 (1998)(3) Baines, R. C., and Small, R. H.: J Nematol. 8, 122 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel labelled HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor useful in treatment of HIV infection.<br>References Scholler-Gyure, M., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 48, 322 (2008), Thakur, A., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 43, 471 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dexketoprofen Trometamol is an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate pain.<br>References Gokce, B., et al.: J. Enzyme. Inhibit. Med. Chem., 27, 37 (2012); Sagiroglu, G., et al.: Eurosian. J. Med., 43, 23 (2011);<br></p>