Toxicologie

<p>Applications Amitraz (A633320) impurity, its degradation products in fruits.<br>References Hernando, M., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1815 (2007), Pico, Y., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 9350 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (R)-(-)-Littorine is a tropane alkaloid found in a variety of plants and have been found to potentially detoxify cells in overproducing conditions.<br>References Al Balkhi, M.H., et al.: Phytochem., 74, 105 (2012); Pavlov, A., et al.: App. Biochem. Biotechnol., 157, 210 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Biuret-15N3 is the 15N3 labelled analogue of Biuret (B591500) which is used as a source of non-protein nitrogen in feed for ruminant. It is an impurity of urea based fertilisers as it has a poisonous effect on plants if present in high concentrations. Like peptide bonds, biuret forms violet-colored complexes with copper(II) ion in alkaline solution. This color change response is used to identify and quantify protein concentration (due to peptides present) and is known as biuret test.<br>References Li, J., et al.: Siliao Yanjiu, 1, 53 (2008); Kaasenbrood, P., et al.: J. Agr. Food. Chem.., 11, 39 (1963); Jayle, M., et al.: B. Soc. Chim. Biol., 33, 881 (1951);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methidathion is an organophosphate insecticide and was examined for human health and toxicological concerns.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hou, X., et al.: Food. Chem., 138, 1198 (2013); Mineau, P., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 34, 416 (2012;<br></p>

<p>Applications Sodium fluoroacetate (cas# 62-74-8) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Metahexamide is used in biological studies to evaluate the elevation of blood urea nitrogen level in dogs and human subjects by administering chloral hypnotics.<br>References Wieg, H., Am. J. Med. Tech., 26, 11 (1960);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. Cypermethrin can exhibit a toxic effect on the reproductive system.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hu, J., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 33, 576 (2011); Singh, A., et al.: Neurobiol. Aging., 33, 404 (2012); Amer, S., et al.: J. Mut. Res., 155, 135 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aldicarb is used as an insecticide. Used in Pesticide detection. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ashby, J., et al.: Environ. Mutagen., 7, 919 (1985), Ashby, J., et al.: Mutat. Res., 257, 229 (1991), Kazius, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 312 (2005), Benigni, R., et al.: Mutagenesis, 25, 335 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A phenethylamine derivative as sympathomimetics. Adrenergic.<br>References Lee, P., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 4, 498 (2007), Coan, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 2067 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cymoxanil is a fungicide applied as a seed treatment or as a foliar application to the plants to control late blight.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dhingani, J. C., et al.: J. Pure. App. Microbiol., 6, 1683 (2012); Bakirici, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Octopamine-13C2,15N Acetic Acid is the salt form of Octopamine-13C2,15N(O239752). Labelled Octopamine (O239750). A biogenic amine that is the phenol analog of Noradrenaline. It is a neurosecretory product found in several vertebrates and invertebrates. Adrenergic.<br>References Pisano, et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 43, 566 (1960), Breen, C.A., et al.: Nature, 303, 716 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic Acid is a reagent used in the preparation of hapten and immunogen for the production of polyclonal antibodies, specific to Cypermethrin (C989000).<br>References Lee, N. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 46, 520 (1998); Hongsibsong, S. et al.: Int. J. Agri. Biol., 14, 246 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications The main labelled metabolite of o-xylene.<br>References Gregus, Z., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 1082 (1998), Gregus, Z., et al.: Xenobiotica, 29, 547 (1999), Gonzalez-Reche, L., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 77, 80 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Daidzein (D103500) metabolite.<br>References Fang, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2700 (2002), Tsuchihashi, R., et al.: Nat. Med., 58, 71 (2004), Hosoda, K., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 36, 1485 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorfluazuron is benzoyl(pyridiyloxyphenyl)urea based pesticide that acts as a chitin synthesis inhibitor. Chlorfluazuron is commonly used in agriculture as an insect growth regulator for controlling the major insect pests in crops<br>References Perveen, F.: J. Life Sci., 5, 933 (2011); Elek, J.A.: Entomol. Exp. Appl., 88, 31 (1998); Osbrink, W.L.A. et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 104, 1009 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as a reference standard for the drug Trimethoprim.Note this compound is a cis / trans mixture.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Bis[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine, is a metabolite of Imidacloprid (I274990), is a neonicotinoids, acting as an insect neurotoxin.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chauzat, M., et al.: Env. Entomol., 38, 514 (2009), Patial, A., et al.: Env. Ecol., 27, 320 (2009), Fernandez-Bayo, J., et al.: J. Agric., Food Chem., 57, 5435 (2009), Tomizawa, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 3735 (2009), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (R,S)-Equol 7-β-D-Glucuronide is a glucuronide metabolite of isoflavone Daidzein (D103500).<br>References Heinonen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 274, 211 (1999), Setchell, K., et al.: J. Nutr., 132, 3577 (2002), Thigpen, J., et al.: Comp. Med., 53, 607 (2003), Yee, S., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 2713 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative. Intermediate in the preparation of Epostane (E588850).<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 1-o-Tolueneazo-2-naphthol is a potent cytochrome P-488 inducer. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References Adachi, S., Fujita, S., Uesugi, T.: J Pharmaceut. Biomed., 5, 273 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications Monosulfuron is a sulfonylurea herbicide that inhibits Acetohydroxyacid synthase enzyme.<br>References Wang, J., et al.: J. Comput. Aided Mol. Des., 19, 801 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexythiazox is a mite growth regulator and a thiazolidine based acaricide that has long-lasting effects against many kinds of mites and is applied at any stage of the plant growth from budding to fruiting. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Martini,X., et al.: Pest. Manage. Sci., 68, 1471 (2012); Gilbert-Lopez, B., et al.: Food. Control., 26, 341 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Chlorothalonil is a polychlorinated aromatic broad spectrum non-systematic fungicide. Chlorothalonil is used heavily in agriculture field on crops such as peanuts, potatoes and tomatoes. Chlorothalonil is a probable human carcinogen (Group B2) and is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertabrates.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tillman, R. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 3, 160 (1973); White, L. et al.: Pest. Manag. Sci., 62, 126 (2006); Haugaard, J.: Dask Kemi, 76, 29 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Carboxin Sulfoxide is an oxathiin systemic fungicide used on biological systems.<br>References Mathre, D. E.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 1, 216 (1971); Mathre, D. E.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 8, 311 (1972)<br></p>

<p>Applications Synthetic mu-opioid agonist. This is a controlled substance (opiate).<br>References James, M.K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 259, 712 (1991), Hoffman, W.E., et al.: Anesthesiology, 79, 107 (1993), Selinger, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 243 (1994), Richardson, T.D., et al.: Expert Opin. Drug Saf., 4, 643 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled dimethyl phosphorothiolate derivatives used as insecticides.<br>References Suzuki, F., et al.: Jpn. Tokkyo Koho (1976), JP 51009007 B<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Naproxen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rettie, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 5, 54 (1992), Tracy, T., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 52, 1305 (1996), Bonnabry, P., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 49, 305 (1996), Rao, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2789 (2000), Hutzler, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 29, 1029 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine-based pesticide used against a variety of arthropoda, in particular to protect cotton crops against whitefly. Clariant has recently launched a pesticide-filled polymer using pyriproxyfen for the manufacture of mosquito nets.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Amiri, A., et al.: J. Agri. Sci. Technol., 14, 1205 (2012); Basit, M., et al.: Crop. Protect., 44, 135 (2013); Chem. and Eng. News Page 12, May 6, 2019<br></p>

<p>Applications S-Enantiomer of Baclofen. Specific GABA-B receptor agonist. Muscle relaxant (skeletal).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ahuja, S., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 527 (1985), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 8,1 (1974)<br></p>

<p>Applications (E)-Isomer of Entacapone polymorphic form A. Peripherally acting inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992); Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992); Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications One of the bioactive forms of Riboflavin. Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, leafy vegetables. Richest natural source is yeast. Minute amounts present in all plant and animal cells. Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).<br>References Unna, K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 76, 75 (1942), Rivlin, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 283, 463 (1970), Al-Shammary, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 429 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17-epi-Testosterone Enanthate, is a derivative of 17-epi-Testosterone (T155005).Testosterone and epitestosterone are endogenous steroids that differ in the configuration of the hydroxyl-bearing carbon at C-17. Testosterone is the predominant male sex hormone, whereas the role of epitestosterone is largely unclear. In humans, both androgens are excreted mainly as glucuronide conjugates.<br>References Wudy, S., et al.: Steroids, 66, 759 (2001), Kootstra, P., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta., 586, 82 (2007), Sten, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 37, 417 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Curcumin (C838500). A natural phenolic compound. Potent anti-tumor agent having anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Induces apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibits phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Reported to inhibit production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Potent inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase and IκB kinase. Inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase. Easily penetrates into the cytoplasm of cells, accumulating in membranous structures such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope.<br>References Srinivasan, et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 5, 448 (1953), Tu, B., et al.: J .Cell Biol., 164, 341 (2004), Xu, G., et al.: Biochemistry, 44, 9817 (2005), Johnson, J., et al.: Cancer Lett., 255, 170 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Steroid hormone with weak androgenic effects.<br>References Wartman, C., et al.: Aquatic Toxicol., 92, 131 (2009), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat., Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Phapale, P., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 87, 426 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Chlorotriphenylstannane is used in the synthesis of nanoparticles which bear triamide ligands.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shariatinia, Z. et al.: Beil. J. Nanotech., 4, 94 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Asulam-d3 (methoxy-d3) is labelled Asulam (A788750) which is a carbamate herbicide and a folic acid biosynthesis inhibitor.<br>References Cottrell, H.J., et al.: 207, 655 (1965), Smith, A.E., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 8, 449 (1977), Hossain, M.A., et al.: J. Weed Sci. Tech., 43, 10 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Desipramine.<br>References De Jongh, G.D., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 2, 48 (1981), Suckow, R.F., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1745 (1984), Fraser, A.D., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 11,168 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levothyroxine EP Impurity D / T4-Acetic Acid (USP)<br>Applications Thyroid hormone analogue. A potent Thyroxine impurity. T4-Acetic Acid (USP).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Horst, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 261, 945 (1989), Kvetny, J., et al.: Horm. Metab. Res., 24, 322 (1992), Yamauchi, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 8460 (1999), Davis, P., et al.: J. Endocrinol. Invest., 25, 377 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as insecticide for terminate control; pre-harvest defoliant; general herbicide. Antimicrobial preservative and fungicide for wood, wood products, starches, textiles, paints, adhesives, leather, pulp, paper, industrial waste systems, building materials; Surface disinfectant. Exposure to PCP is also associated with carcinogenic, renal, and neurological effects. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). One of the new POPs under the Stockholm Convention<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(3-Phenylpropionyl)glycine-3C2,15N is a labelled analogue of N-(3-Phenylpropionyl)glycine (P336210), which is a useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of many organic acidemias and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation defects. N-(3-Phenylpropionyl)glycine is present in the urine of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient (MCAD) patients who orally ingested 3-phenylpropionic acid.<br>References Duran, M. et al.: Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 321, 419 (1988); Bonafe, L. et al.: Mol. Gen. Metab., 69, 311 (2000); Ombrone, D. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 417, 122 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Coproporphyrin I Dihydrochloride is a porphyrin biomarker with an absorption of λmax 395 nm.<br></p>

<p>Applications Adenine metabolite, which can be used as a plant growth regulator.<br>References Borrmann, T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 5974 (2009), Gokce, G., et al.: Biochem., 48, 4980 (2009), Castillo-Garit, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 39, 30 (2010),<br></p>