Toxicologie

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications an aminogycoside antibiotic designed to fight intestinal infections such as cryptosporidiosis, amoebiasis, and leishmaniasis. Its antiprotozoal activity makes it an effecive histomonostatic feed additive in turkey poults experimentally infected with Histomonas meleagridis.<br>References Rehg, J.E. et al.: J. Infect. Dis., 170, 934 (1994); Fong, D. et al.: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 51, 758 (1994); Hafez, H.M. et al.: Arch. Anim. Nut., 64, 77 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled analog of Gamithromycin (G195000), a macrolide compound which is known to have antibacterial activity, and is useful in the therapy of bacterial infections in mammals. Antibiotic.<br>References Broto, P., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 19, 71 (1984), Farrar, V., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 3517 (1993), Clark, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 807 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fusidic Acid EP Impurity H<br>Applications 11-Keto Fusidic Acid (Fusidic Acid EP Impurity H) is a metabolite of Fusidic Acid.<br>References Godtfredsen, W.O., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9, 15 (1966), Perry, M.J., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 1659 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications The (R,R)-enantiomer of Voriconazole. An antifungal (systemic). An ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sanati, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 2492 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Hydroxy-furo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-one is a derivative of 6-(5-Chloro-2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-one (C379925) which is an impurity of Eszopiclone (E889150), a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent used as a treatment for insomnia.<br>References Gottesmann, C., et al.: Eur. J. Neurosci., 10, 409 (1998), Yoshimoto, M., et al.: Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 9, 29 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Novel intermediate of Azithromycin that acts as antibiotic.<br>References Krajacic, M.B., et al.: J. Antibiot., 58, 380 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled N-Demethyl Rifampicin (D231250). N-Demethyl Rifampicin is a metabolite of Rifampicin (R508000).<br>References Marsili, L., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 1209 (1984), Nikaido, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 37, 1393 (1993), Piddock, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 45, 159 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications An organophosphate pesticide that is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yan, D. et al.: Zhong. Huan. Kex., 26, 364 (2006); Wood, S.J. et al.: Pest. Sci., 32, 485 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pentachloronitrobenzene is used in the synthesis of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins for toxilogical studies. Its a pesticide used in the protection of crops from fungal bacterium. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Munoz, E. et al.: J. AOAC Int., 95, 1777 (2012); Pohland, A. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 20, 1093 (1972);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ribavirin EP Impurity D<br>Applications N-Des-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl Ribavirin (Ribavirin EP Impurity D) is an impurity in the synthesis of Ribavirin (R414475), a purine nucleoside analog; inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Used as an antiviral agent.This compound is suitable for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) related research.<br>References Fernandez, H., et al.: Eur. J. Epidemiol., 2, 1 (1986), Liao, H.J. and Stollar, V.: Antiviral Res., 22, 285 (1993), Honda, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 653 (1994), Reichard, O., et al.: Lancet, 351, 83 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Mometasone Furoate EP Impurity F<br>Applications 6-Oxo Mometasone Furoate (Mometasone EP Impurity F) is an impurity of Mometasone Furoate (M490000), a topical corticosteroid used as an anti-inflammatory.<br>References Shapiro, E.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 30, 1581 (1987); Graft, D., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 98, 724 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity E<br>Applications A metabolite of Azithromycin. Azithromycin Impurity E<br>References Bright, G., et al.: J. Antibiotics., 41, 1029 (1988), Amacher, D., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 35, 1186 (1991), Peters, D., et al.: Drugs, 44, 750 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Metalaxyl-M is an isomer of Metalaxyl (M258740), an agricultural fungicide. Phenylamide fungicide or use in food crops, shrubs and turf.<br>References Al-Alam, J. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 409, 5157 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nonpeptidic HIV protease inhibitor (NPPI). Antiviral.<br>References Poppe, S.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41, 1058 (1997), McGregor, T.R., et al.: HIV Clin. Trials, 5, 371 (2004), Boffito, M., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 130 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fipronil-detrifluoromethylsulfinyl-3C2 15N2, is the unlabeled analogue of Fipronil-detrifluoromethylsulfinyl, that can be used in the synthesis of Fipronil (F342200), which is a GABA receptor antagonists and insecticides.<br>References Ling, S., et al.: App. Entomol. Zool., 44, 543 (2009), Li, X., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 29, 127 (2010), Savant, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 1447 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Sulbactam (S699185). A semi-synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor. It is used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics as antibacterial.<br>References English, A.R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 414 (1978), Stromberg, B.V., Surg. Gynecol. Obstet., 162, 575 (1986), Mehtar, S., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 17, 389 (1986), Campoli-Richards, D.M., et al.: Drugs, 33, 577 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxy Niclosamide is a metabolite of Niclosamide(N395500) which is used as an anthelmintic drug (Cestodes).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Loftsson, T., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 85, 1017 (1996), Malik, N., et al.: Anti. Cancer Drugs, 10, 767 (1999), El-Sayed, M., et al.: Pharm. Res., 18, 23 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Daclatasvir, inhibits the HCV protein NS5A, and thus can be used as a drug candidate for the treatment of hepatitis C (HCV).<br>References Gao, M., et al.: Nature, 465(7294), 96 (2010); Bell, T. W., Chem. Med. Chem., 5(10), 1663 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Daptomycin is a Cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic derived from a fermentation product of Streptomyces roseosporus; disrupts plasma membrane function in gram-positive bacteria. Antibacterial.<br>References Allen, N.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1093 (1987), Tully, F.P., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 8, 1223 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications The major glucuronide metabolite of Chloramphenicol (C325030).<br>References Simons, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 22, 1267 (1992), Kaji, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 60 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid is a metabolite of the herbicide Benthiocarb. 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid shows antifungal activity.<br>References Nakamura, Y. et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 41, 1613 (1977); Patel, H.S. et al.: J. Macromol. Sci. Chem., A20, 453 (1983); Amborabe, B.-E. et al.: Plant Physiol. Biochem., 40, 1051 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,5-Dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenol is used as an insecticide and used the synthesis of methiocarb.<br>References Yamada, K. et al.: J. Health Sci., 57, 134 (2011); Keum, Y. et al.: Chromatograph., 52, 237 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Promecarb-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of Promecarb (P756500); a carbamate pesticide.<br>References Knowles, C.O., et al.: B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 27, 529 (1981); Pacioni, N.L., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 583, 63 (2007); Sanchez, F.G., et al.: Analyst, 116, 851 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications An isotopically Labelled metabolite of Itraconazole, an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Saag, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 32, 1 (1988), Haria, M., et al.: Drugs, 51, 585 (1996), Kousoulos, C., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 384,199 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefotaxime Sodium EP Impurity E<br>Applications 3-Desacetyl Cefotaxime Lactone is an impurity of Cefotaxime sodium (C242950). 3-Desacetyl Cefotaxime Lactone is also a degradation product for other cephalosporin antibiotics such as: Ceftriaxone (C245000), Cefodizime and Ceftiofur (C244700).<br>References Amaker, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 1139 (1996), Taylor, P., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 38, 328 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Metronidazole (M338880).<br>References Haller, I., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 22, 165 (1982), Gibson, R., et al.: Clin. Chem., 30, 784 (1984), Kuti, J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 25, 935 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Afatinib Dimaleate is a salt of Afatinib {BIBW 2992) (B377000), an aminocrotonylamino-substituted quinazoline derivative used for treating cancer and diseases of the respiratory tract, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, bile duct, and gallbladder. An anilino-quinazoline that irreversibly inhibits EGFR and HER2 kinase activity.<br>References D, Li. et al.: Oncogene., 27, 4702 (2008); Wang, X. et al.: Cancer Res., 74, 4431 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Methenamine (H294220). Used in the treatment of urinary track infection.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Day, G.M., et al.: J. Physical Chem., 107, 10919 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A major biodegradation product of Malathion (M111000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kim, Y. et al.: Chemosphere, 60, 1349 (2005); Yoshii, K. et al.: J. Health Sci., 54, 535 (2008); Hayasaka, M. et al.: Jap. J. Forensic Toxicol., 12, 15 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Amino-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoic Acid is a reagent used in the synthesis of anthranilic diamides containing fluorinated groups as potential ryanodine receptors activators.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wu, C. et al.: Chem. Lett., 28, 1248 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Methyl Adenine-d3 is labelled 3-Methyl Adenine (M275904). 3-Methyl Adenine is a selective autophagy and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (1,2,3). 3-MA inhibits autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation via the inhibition of type III Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI-3K).<br>References (1) Munafo, D., et al.: J. Cell Sci., 114, 3619 (2001) (2) Aggarwal, B., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 1397 (2006) (3) Hayat, M., et al.: Oncologist, 12, 20 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled abalogue of Maleic Hydrazide, a compound used in plant growth regulator formulations.<br>References Calliera, M. et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 62, 1168 (2006); Berrada, H., et al.: Food Control. 21, 36 (2010); Nougadere, A. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 49, 1484 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyantraniliprole is used as an insecticide and/or acaricide. Also useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br>References Abbott, W., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 18, 265 (1925), Ali, A., et al.: Environ. Entomol., 19, 1066 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications A coumarin (C755380) derivative classified as an anticoagulant.<br>References Neau, J. et al.: Cereb. Dis., 11, 195 (2001); Boschetti, E. et al.: Chim. Ther., 7, 20 (1972);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Fenthion is an organothiophosphate used as an insecticide. Fenthion is also a potent acaricide. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698230).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pati, B.R. et al.: Plant Soil, 80, 215 (1984); Barros, A.T. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 96, 243 (2001); Kyriakidis, N.V. et al.: Food Chem., 91, 241 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Eszopiclone is the active stereoizomer of Zopiclone and belongs to the class of drug known as cyclopyrrones. It is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent used as a treatment for insomnia.This is a controlled substance (depressant) in the US but not in Canada.<br>References Gottesmann, C., et al.: Eur. J. Neurosci., 10, 409 (1998), Yoshimoto, M., et al.: Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 9, 29 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Mesosulfuron-methyl can be used in biological study of targeted screening and safety evaluation of 276 agrochemical residues in raisins using buffered ethyl acetate extraction and liquid chromatography-​tandem mass spectrometry analysis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shabeer, T. P. A., et al.: Chemosphere, 184, 1036 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications The major metabolite of Mosapride (M731000).<br>References Somogyi, A., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 8, 463 (1983), Cashman, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 21, 587 (1993), Berkman, C., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 50, 565(1995), Blake, B., et al.: Xenobiotica, 25, 377 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications A highly selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist (with no anticholinergic, antiadrenergic, or antiserotonin activity) for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, especially rhinitis and urticaria.<br>References Simons, F.E.R.: Clin. Alp. Allergy, 29, 3 (1999); Brostoff, J. et al.: Allergy, 51, 251 (1996); Gensthaler, B.M.: Pharm. Zeit., 143, 228 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic Acid (Isoferulic acid) is a hypoglycemic agent.<br>References Liu, I.-M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 307, 1196 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Iso Cyclosporin H is an impurity of Cyclosporin H (C988920).<br>References Borel, J., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 41, 259 (1990); Brooks, C., et al.: Clin. Chem., 39, 457 (1993); Lee, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 22, 183 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Emamectin B1 Benzoate is a neurotoxic pesticidal compound. A potential anti-leukemia agent. Also applied in pesticidal screening and control techniques.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Li, H., et al.: Agr. Sci. Tech., 15, 1707 (2014); Tang, T., et al.: Zhiwu Baohu, 42, 222 (2016); Yun, X., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 52, 280 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cefotaxime Bromoacetyl Analogue is an impurity of Cefotaxime (C242950), a broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotic<br>References Wise, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 807 (1978), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 139 (1982),<br></p>