Hétérocycles azotés (N)

2,3,5,6-Tetra-methyl-pyrazine is a chemical compound that is structurally similar to ATP. It has been shown to inhibit the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce apoptosis in rat heart cells. 2,3,5,6-Tetra-methyl-pyrazine has also been shown to inhibit ATP synthase activity and increase lactate levels in the presence of glucose. This compound inhibits cyclase activity and increases microdialysis probe signal pathways. 2,3,5,6-Tetra-methyl-pyrazine may be useful for the treatment of myocardial infarcts.

5-Bromo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine is a synthetic compound that has been used to synthesize palladium complexes. It can also be used in the synthesis of vitamin B1, which is an essential nutrient for humans and animals. 5-Bromo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine binds with magnesium and reacts with sulfoxide, nucleophilic attack and electronegativity. 5-Bromo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine is activated by 2-chlorobenzothiazole and hydrogen chloride, which leads to nucleophilic attack on the electrophilic carbon atom. This causes a displacement reaction with the elimination of chlorine gas and production of dihydro.

2,4-Dichloropyrido [2,3-D] pyrimidine is a regioselective chlorination agent that can be used for the synthesis of various organic compounds. It is often used in cross-coupling reactions to form carbon-carbon bonds. 2,4-Dichloropyrido [2,3-D] pyrimidine has been shown to give high yields and is selective for disubstituted or monosubstituted substrates. This compound is also useful for the functionalization of C-H bonds via palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.

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2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine is a hydrophobic compound that is not soluble in water. It has a bound form and can be titrated with calorimetry. 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine is synthesized by reacting 2,2,4-trimethylpentane with methoxyacetone in the presence of sodium methylate. The compound has been detected as an odorant in numerous plant species and is believed to play a role in plant physiology. 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine has been shown to have potent antiviral activity against infectious diseases such as HIV, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and varicella zoster virus (VZV). This specific antiviral activity may be due to its ability to bind fatty acids by hydrogen bonds, which may interfere with the synthesis of viral membranes.

4-Hydroxypiperidine is a molecule with a carbonyl group. It is the most active and selective CCR5 receptor antagonist that has been studied to date. 4-Hydroxypiperidine inhibits HIV infection by preventing the binding of HIV to its receptor on the surface of white blood cells, thereby preventing it from entering these cells. 4-Hydroxypiperidine also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent in chronic bronchitis patients, due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. The chemical ionization mass spectra of this molecule show peaks for methyl ethyl, malic acid, and hydroxyl groups. These properties make 4-hydroxypiperidine a useful candidate for drug development against inflammatory diseases and several cancers.

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8-Chloro-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione is a reactive molecule that binds to the active site of bacterial cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and inhibits their activity. This inhibition prevents the breakdown of cAMP and cGMP, which are important second messengers in eukaryotic cells. 8-Chloro-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione is also a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis and has been used in research studies on wheat leaves.

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1-Acetylpiperazine is a growth factor that has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. It also inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), in immune cells. 1-Acetylpiperazine has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. The compound binds to the receptor for epidermal growth factor in cancer cells, which may be responsible for its anticancer effects. 1-Acetylpiperazine has also been shown to inhibit the binding of imatinib to its receptor, which may be responsible for its anticancer effects.

2-(Hydroxymethyl)pyridine N-oxide is a model system that was originally synthesized to study the mechanism of perchlorate and amine degradation in vivo. It has been shown to be an excellent model for studying the oxidative decomposition of n-oxides with metal ions, as well as their transformation into monomers. 2-(Hydroxymethyl)pyridine N-oxide reacts with chloride ion to form 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine N-oxide chloride. The reaction of 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine N-oxide with a sulfoxide produces an adduct that can be used to study hydrogen bonding. 2-(Hydroxymethyl)pyridine N-oxide has biological properties and is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of cancer.

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