Glycosciences

<p>1,2:3,4:5,6-Tri-O-isopropylidene-L-glycero-L-gulo-heptitol is a methylated saccharide. It is a synthetic carbohydrate with a molecular weight of 568.87 and a CAS No. of 310540-53-0. This product is soluble in water and has been shown to be resistant to the pH of stomach acid. 1,2:3,4:5,6-Tri-O-isopropylidene-L-glycero-L-gulo-heptitol can be used as a click modification or modification reaction to make oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. This product can also be used for glycosylation reactions or custom synthesis of carbohydrates such as sugars or complex carbohydrates. 1,2:3,4:5,6 -Tri -O -isopropylidene -</p>

<p>1-Deoxy-D-sorbofuranose is a custom synthesis that is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate structure. It has a molecular weight of 399.54, and CAS No. of 1092-19-3. 1DDS is modified with methylation, glycosylation, click modification and fluorination. 1DDS is also an Oligosaccharide and Polysaccharide with high purity (99.5%), Mw of 399.54 g/mol, MWt of 603.2 g/mol, Mz of 1204.8 g/mol, Purity of 99%.</p>

<p>2-Azido-2-deoxy-2-C-methyl-3,5-O-benzylidene -D-ribonic acid gamma-lactone is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate. It has CAS No. and is listed as Polysaccharide in the Modification section. This chemical is modified by methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. 2-Azido -2-deoxy -2 C -methyl 3, 5 O benzylidene D ribonic acid gamma lactone is a sugar that has been fluorinated and synthesized. The chemical has high purity and can be used in glycobiology research.br&gt;</p>

<p>PAA is poly[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide], flexible polymer chain serves as an additional spacer. Mr approx. 30 kDa (according to gel-filtration, proteins as Mr markers). Carbohydrate content is 20% mol.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranosyl-1-O-L-threonine is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. This compound can be used to synthesize glycoproteins, glycolipids, and other glycoconjugates. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy -3 -O-(b -D -galactopyranosyl) -a -D -galactopyranosyl 1 O L threonine has been modified with methylation and click chemistry reactions.</p>

<p>ADP-D-glucose disodium salt is a synthetic saccharide with the chemical formula C6H14N2O8. It is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, such as polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. ADP-D-glucose disodium salt can be modified to create methylated, glycosylated, and fluorinated derivatives. These modifications allow ADP-D-glucose disodium salt to be used in Click chemistry and other advanced applications.br&gt;br&gt;ADP-D-glucose disodium salt is also known by its CAS number 102129-65-7.br&gt;br&gt; br&gt;br&gt;</p>

<p>N-Cbz-D-glucosamine is a synthetic molecule that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It is an acceptor for choline hydroxylase and participates in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins. N-Cbz-D-glucosamine inhibits virus RNA synthesis and has been shown to be effective against uninfected cells. The ring opening of the molecule leads to the formation of a cyclic amide, which can inhibit protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-trityl-b-D-mannopyranose is a synthetic sugar that can be used as a building block for the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It is also used to alter the properties of sugars and polysaccharides by modifying their glycosidic linkages. The product is insoluble in water and organic solvents. It is stable under acidic conditions and can be hydrolyzed with acids or alkalis. It is also soluble in methanol and methylene chloride. The CAS number for this product is 92621-31-3.End&gt;</p>

<p>Core antigen fragment in ABO blood group system</p>

<p>Conduritol D (CD) is a natural product that has been isolated from the pancreas of rats. It is homochiral, and it has been shown to be active in the treatment of diabetic patients. CD has a hydroxy group at C-4' and an alcohol group at C-5'. The functional groups are acetylated at C-3', which may make this compound more potent than other similar compounds with different functional groups. It is also synthesized stereoselectively, making it a selective molecule. CD has been shown to have pharmacokinetic properties that may be beneficial for treating diabetes.</p>

<p>GD1a oligosaccharide is the carbohydrate moiety from the disialylated glycosphingolipid GD1a of the a-series (shown in the sodium form), a major ganglioside found in neuronal and glial membranes. GD1a oligosaccharide has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acids linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, α2,3 to the outer galactose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GD1a ganglioside interacts with myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and is essential for long-term axon-myelin stability. GD1a ganglioside plays a role in viral infection as it is a receptor for viral glycoproteins in rotavirus and paramyxovirus 1. The hexasaccharide GD1a moiety was also found on a glycoprotein that acts as a receptor for adenovirus type 37. Additionally, GD1a ganglioside interacts with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) and is crucial for its entry into cells (Kolter, 2012).</p>

<p>Ethyl cellulose is an organic compound that is soluble in alcohols, acetone and ethers. It is a viscous liquid that can be dissolved in water to form a gel. Ethyl cellulose can be modified with oligosaccharides, carbohydrates, complex carbohydrates, and other substances. Ethyl cellulose has been used for the production of edible films, as well as capsules and tablets. The viscosity of ethyl cellulose can be changed by adding different substances to it. This modification allows ethyl cellulose to be customized for various purposes such as creating high purity products or glycosylation.</p>

<p>L-Idonic acid sodium is a plant hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism. It has been shown to regulate the synthesis of galacturonic acid and malic acid, which are important for the production of glucose. L-Idonic acid sodium also regulates the synthesis of fatty acids, which are important for cell membrane formation. L-Idonic acid sodium is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of l-tartaric acid, which is an enzyme substrate. The gene product that encodes this molecule has been characterized as a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 9,000 daltons and a hydroxyl group on C-3.</p>

<p>Chitopentaose is a pentaacetyl derivative of the sugar chitohexaose. It is an oligosaccharide that has been shown to inhibit the activity of glycosidases and lectins, which may be due to its high affinity to these enzymes. Chitopentaose has also been found to bind to insulin receptors in the human tumor cell line A-20, leading to a reduction in tumor growth. The molecule also inhibits the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding for penicillin-binding protein, mouse tumor necrosis factor, and α1-acid glycoprotein.</p>

<p>Salidroside is a phenylpropanoid, a type of secondary metabolite. It is found in the plant family Ranunculaceae and can be extracted from the roots of Rhodiola rosea (golden root) and other plants in this family. Salidroside has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Salidroside also has strong antioxidant properties, which may be due to its ability to scavenge free radicals. Salidroside can be used as an additive for foods such as breads and pastries because it inhibits the formation of phthalic acid that is produced by baking.</p>

<p>Detergent used for the solubilization of membrane proteins.  Important for the solubilization is the detergent-to-protein ratio. At low ratios (1:10) the membranes are lysed and large complexes of are formed containing protein, detergent, and membrane lipids. With progressively larger ratios smaller complexes are obtained. Finally, at ratios of 10:1 to 20:1 individual detergent-protein complexes are formed free of membrane lipids. To determine the optimal conditions it is important to vary both the detergent and the protein concentration (EMBL).</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-methanesulfonyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a glycosylation product that can be used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is also useful in the synthesis of saccharides, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides. This product is custom synthesized to order and is available in high purity.</p>

<p>Canagliflozin is an oral diabetes drug that belongs to the class of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. It works by blocking reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. Canagliflozin has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of insulin resistance and has been used clinically in combination with metformin hydrochloride. The chemical stability of canagliflozin is dependent on its particle size, which can range from 10 micrometres to 100 micrometres. A number of analytical methods have been developed for canagliflozin, including high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection, and dihedral angle analysis. Canagliflozin is an example of a polymorphic compound: it exists as two enantiomers due to chiral symmetry.</p>

<p>The compound is a fluorinated, glycosylated, polysaccharide-linked, custom-synthesized and modified natural product. The compound is of high purity and has been shown to have a range of biological activities including:<br>1) Antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.<br>2) Anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model of inflammation in rats.<br>3) Antifungal activity against Candida albicans.<br>4) Inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation and cellular adhesion to surfaces.<br>5) Inhibition of HIV replication in vitro and inhibition of HIV integrase function in vitro.<br>6) Inhibition of TNF-α production by LPS activated macrophages. <br>7) Protection from phototoxicity induced by UVB irradiation in human skin cells.<br>8) Protection from</p>

<p>A linear β-(1,4)-galactan from potato tubers. Other linear β-(1,4)-galactans have been isolated from lemon peel, potato tubers and Norwegian acacia gum.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy -2 -phthalimido -b -D -glucopyrano side is a custom synthesis of a complex carbohydrate. It has a CAS number of 140615‑82‑3 and can be found in glycosylations, carbohydrates, methylation, sugar, fluorination. It is high purity with a lot of modifications.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a custom synthesis that is fluorinated at the 2 position. It is an oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, and carbohydrate. The product has been modified with the Click modification and has high purity. It is also a monosaccharide sugar or synthetic sugar. Methyl 2-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside can be used in complex carbohydrates and fluorination reactions.</p>

<p>Methyl 6-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl-N-Cbz-2-deoxy-4-O-(methyl-2-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl)-aLidopyranuronosyl)-aDglucopyranosaminide is a carbohydrate that belongs to the class of saccharides. It is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is made up of a monosaccharide, fructose, and 2 disaccharides, maltose and glucuronic acid. This product has been modified by fluorination, methylation, glycosylation, and click chemistry.</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>The main cell-wall components of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as well as β-glucan are mannans with an α-1,6 mannose backbone and α-1,2 and α-1,3 mannose branches.<br>The image was kindly provided by Dr. Chris Lawson.</p>

<p>Dermatan sulphate is a glycosaminoglycan found in skin, blood vessels, heart valves, tendons, aorta, spleen and brain and is usually isolated from pig skin or beef lung tissue. The disaccharide repeat unit is composed of L-iduronic acid and N-acetyl-galactosamine-4-sulphate linked β-(1,3) and β-(1,4). There are also small amounts of D-glucuronic acid.</p>

<p>Food additive; soil suspension polymer in detergents; thickening agent</p>

<p>Regulates N-glycolylneuraminic acid biosynthesis in murine liver</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranose is a synthetic sugar that is prepared by the fluorination of D-galactopyranose and subsequent acetylation. This compound can be used for glycosylation reactions and as a substrate for click chemistry. It is an oligosaccharide with four monosaccharides in its backbone. The CAS number of 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranose is 50615-66-2.</p>

<p>Epsilon-cyclodextrin (ε-CD) consists of 10 glucose units. Its larger cavity size offers potential for encapsulating larger guest molecules or forming more complex inclusion compounds.</p>

<p>a-L-Galactose-1-phosphate dipotassium salt is an oligosaccharide that can be prepared by the methylation of a galactose molecule. It is a synthetic compound that has been shown to have antiviral properties. The modification of the sugar structure with fluorine atoms increases the stability of the molecule and prevents its degradation. This product is soluble in water and can be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate for other compounds.</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-1-O-azido-1-deoxy-b-D-arabinopyranoside is a methylated sugar that can be used to modify oligosaccharides. It has an acetyl functional group on the 2' position of the ribose moiety. This product is a white crystalline powder and it is soluble in water and methanol.</p>

<p>3-O-Benzyl-2-deoxy-D-arabinopyranose is a modified sugar that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It is a white powder that has a purity level of more than 99%. The CAS number for 3-O-Benzyl-2-deoxy-D-arabinopyranose is 52397-07-8. This product can be custom synthesized to meet your specific needs. It can also be methylated, glycosylated, or modified with a click chemistry reaction.</p>

<p>Methyl (phenyl 2-O-benzoyl-3-O-benzyl-1-thio-a-L-idopyranosyluronate) is a custom synthesis, which has been modified with fluorination, methylation and click modification. This product is a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide that can be used as a synthetic building block for the production of saccharides and polysaccharides in glycosylation reactions. Methyl (phenyl 2-O-benzoyl-3-O-benzyl-1-thio-a-L-idopyranosyluronate) is also a carbohydrate that contains an oxygen atom in the form of an ether bond to one of its hydroxyl groups. It has been shown to have antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>Isopropylbeta-D-glucopyranoside is a chemical compound that has been studied for its antibacterial activity. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by reacting with fatty acids in the cell membrane, which leads to the disruption of the cell membrane and death. Isopropylbeta-D-glucopyranoside is a member of the sugar alcohols class, and it can be synthesized from glucose, fatty acid, and hydrochloric acid using an acid catalyst. The reaction system is typically carried out in microcapsules.</p>

<p>(3S, 4R) - 2- [(1S) - 1, 2- Dihydroxyethyl] - 3, 4- pyrrolidinediol is a Custom synthesis of an Oligosaccharide. It is a Polysaccharide and Modification of a saccharide with Methylation and Glycosylation. This Carbohydrate has been Fluorinated and Synthetically created to be High purity.</p>

<p>6-O-Malonylglycitin is a glycosylated flavonoid that belongs to the group of isoflavones. It is found in a variety of plants, including soybeans and fava beans. 6-O-Malonylglycitin has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of β-glucosidase activity at temperatures below 37°C, which overlaps with the range of temperatures where it inhibits glycitein production. This inhibition may be due to its pleiotropic effects on various treatments, such as its ability to inhibit cancer cell growth by inhibiting protein synthesis and inducing apoptosis. 6-O-Malonylglycitin also has synergistic effects when used concomitantly with chromatographic markers, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which can be used to analyze the levels of endogenous compounds in human blood samples.</p>

<p>Tetrahydro-5-methyl-tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-6,7,8-triol is an organic compound that has been synthesized from a sugar. Tetrahydro-5-methyl-tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-6,7,8-triol is soluble in water and formic acid. It is used as a synthetic intermediate for the production of oligosaccharides and saccharides. Tetrahydro-5-methyl-tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-6,7,8-triol can be used to produce glycosylation or methylation in the laboratory. It is also used as a chemical reagent in complex carbohydrate synthesis.</p>

<p>The compound is a synthetic, complex carbohydrate composed of glucose and methyl-D-glucoside units. It can be custom synthesized to meet your specifications.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-triisopropylsilyl-b-D-glucopyranose is a carbohydrate molecule that can be synthesized to order. It is a synthetic compound that can be fluorinated and glycosylated. This product is a key intermediate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. 1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-triisopropylsilyl-b-D glucopyranose has CAS No. 61453–07–5 and molecular weight of 496.07 g/mol.</p>

<p>k-carrageenan derived disaccharide alcohol sulfate</p>

<p>Alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) derivative with a hydrophilic exterior and lipophilic cavity (smaller than β-CDs and γ-CDs) to allocate certain guest molecules. This structural characteristic enables applications in molecular encapsulation, solubility enhancement, and stabilization across multiple industries. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a drug delivery vehicle, enhancing the bioavailability and stability of active ingredients. The food industry utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, as well as a functional ingredient for its effects on lipid metabolism. In cosmetics, it acts as a complex agent for fragrances and active components. Its applications extend to analytical chemistry for chiral separation and to materials science for developing smart materials and nanosystems.</p>

<p>Sialyllacto-N-fucopentaose I is a high purity, custom synthesis, fluorinated carbohydrate that has been modified by methylation and click chemistry. This oligosaccharide is composed of a saccharide with a molecular weight of 908.5 g/mol and an enantiomeric purity of 99%. Sialyllacto-N-fucopentaose I is an Oligosaccharide with a CAS number of 61497-04-8. It is used in the synthesis of polysaccharides or as a monosaccharide or sugar substitute to produce high purity products.</p>

<p>This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.</p>

<p>4-Aminobutyl 6-O-(a-D-mannopyranosyl)-a-D-mannopyranoside is a synthetic saccharide that can be used as a substituent in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is an aminobutyric acid methyl ester derivative of D-mannose with a pyranose ring. 4-Aminobutyl 6-O-(a-D-mannopyranosyl)-a-D-mannopyranoside has been shown to react with acetic anhydride and diazomethane to yield methylated derivatives of D-glucal, D-sorbitol, and DMPG. It is also used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, glycosylations, and fluorinations.</p>

<p>Anthrose is a custom synthesis chemical that is used as a methylation reagent. It can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates. Anthrose has been shown to be effective for fluorination and saccharide modification. The chemical structure of anthrose consists of an ethylene diamine-N6-hydroxylhexanoic acid linker with biotin at one end and a hexose at the other.</p>

<p>Food additive; stabilizer</p>

<p>Isosaccharinic acid-1,4-lactone is an organic compound that is found in human urine. It has been shown that the concentration of this compound can be used as a marker for renal health. The hydrated form of isosaccharinic acid-1,4-lactone can be prepared by heating with acetic anhydride, and it has been shown to have potential applications as a buffer in diagnostic tests for human serum or as a stabilizer for x-ray structures. The 1H NMR spectrum of isosaccharinic acid-1,4-lactone reveals two distinct signals at 1.6 and 2.0 ppm, which are assigned to the two isomers of this compound. The second order rate constant was measured to be 0.025 s−1 at pH 7 and 22 °C using acetate extract from human urine. This technique was also applied to measure rates constant for other organic acids such as formic acid</p>

<p>GT1b oligosaccharide (sodium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, and sialic acid (NeuAc) linked α2,3 to the terminal galactose residue (Ledeen, 2009). The GT1b ganglioside is one of the major gangliosides in neuronal and glial membranes; it interacts with myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and is essential for long-term axon-myelin stability. GT1b ganglioside also acts as receptor for bacterial toxins, such as, tetanus and botulinum toxins (Nishiki, 1996), as well as for viruses. A few examples of which include: Merkel cell polyomavirus, JC virus, BK virus, norovirus and others (Low, 2006).</p>

<p>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranose is a monosaccharide that can be synthesized by modification of the corresponding mannose. This sugar has been shown to form a complex carbohydrate with an oligosaccharide or saccharide. It can also be used in click chemistry as a linker between two amino acids or peptides. The chemical name for 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranose is 1,2:3,4:6:1′′′′′′′″:5′″:8:1″″″″″″"’5″'8″1 (2R)-2-(3'-chloroacetyl)pentaerythritol 2,4'-diyl dianhydride.</p>