Nucléotides

7-Deaza-2'-deoxy-7-iodoguanosine is a purine nucleoside that is synthesized from guanosine and iodine. It is used as a marker in sequencing reactions because it can be easily detected by UV light at 254 nm. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxy-7-iodoguanosine can be synthesized using the following general equation:

Thymidine, also known as deoxythymidine (dT), is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside that pairs with deoxyadenosine (dA) in a double stranded DNA. It’s used as a biochemical modulator of antimetabolites such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cytarabine) and methotrexate (MTX) in cancer therapy. It’s also the enantiomer of telbivudine, an antiviral drug used to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

N2-Phenylacetylguanosine is a novel, modified ribonucleoside with anticancer and antiviral activities. It can be used as a monophosphate or diphosphate. N2-Phenylacetylguanosine is synthesized from 2-phenylethylamine and guanosine using phosphoramidite chemistry. It has been shown to activate DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in vitro, which may lead to tumor growth inhibition.

N6-Benzyladenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is a nucleoside that is not identified. It has been shown to be metabolized by adenosine deaminase and may have antitumor activity. N6-Benzyladenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is also a radioactively labeled adenine analog that has been used in the study of metabolic pathways.

3'-Deoxy-2'-O-methyladenosine is a nucleoside that has antiviral and anticancer activity. It is a novel chemical compound with a unique structure, which makes it highly reactive. 3'-Deoxy-2'-O-methyladenosine induces DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in cancer cells. It also inhibits the production of viral DNA and RNA in infected cells by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, which converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. 3'-Deoxy-2'-O-methyladenosine can be used as an antiviral agent against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) and human cytomegalovirus (CMV).

3'-O-Methyladenosine (3'OMeA) is a monomethylated adenosine that belongs to the group of nucleosides. It has been found to inhibit the activity of adenosine receptors, which are important for the regulation of blood pressure and central nervous system function. 3'OMeA also inhibits virus replication in human lymphocytes. 3'OMeA is synthesized by reaction with methylamine and purification by column chromatography. The molecule is a potential therapeutic target for HIV/AIDS, as it can be used as a specific agonist in order to block viral entry into cells.

Cyclopentenyl cytosine is a cytotoxic drug that inhibits the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. It is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits the enzyme activity of ribonucleotide reductase. Cyclopentenyl cytosine has significant cytotoxicity against hl-60 cells, as well as squamous carcinoma and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. It also has significant activity against cyclopentenyl, dextran sulfate, and mitochondrial functions in vivo in human cells. Cyclopentenyl cytosine binds to the response element on the DNA strand, preventing transcription of genes for protein synthesis and cell division.

2'-O-Methyluridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt is a nucleoside containing a 2'-O-methyl group at the 5' position. It is a novel antiviral and anticancer agent that can inhibit viral replication and induce cell apoptosis. This drug has been shown to be effective against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in vitro, as well as some tumor cells in vivo. 2'-O-Methyluridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt has also been shown to have high purity and high quality, with less than 0.01% impurities by HPLC, NMR, and elemental analysis analyses.

5-Iodocytidine is a nucleoside analogue that has been shown to possess potent antitumor activity. It is also used as a fluorescent probe for detection of uridine in biological samples. 5-Iodocytidine is structurally similar to uridine, which allows it to be taken up by cells and incorporated into RNA. This analog can also be detected with antibody response, as well as with the use of a fluorescence microscope. 5-Iodocytidine may have the potential to treat infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases because it binds to response elements on DNA and activates gene transcription.