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4-Nitrophenyl lacto-N-tetraoside is a chromogenic substrate for enzymes that cleave lactose-specific linkages, such as beta-galactosidases. Upon enzyme cleavage, the pNP group is released, resulting in a yellow-colored solution that can be spectrophotometrically quantified at 405 nm. This substrate is commonly used in detecting lactose hydrolysis activity, such as in dairy industry for production optimization studies, or in microbiology for bacterial lactose fermentation assays. Its tetrasaccharide structure resembles that of lactose and makes it a specific substrate for lactose-utilizing enzymes. The properties of 4-nitrophenyl lacto-N-tetraoside make it a useful tool in enzyme kinetics studies and screening of new lactose-utilizing microorganisms.

4-Chloro-3-indoxyl-1,3-diacetate is a chromogenic substrate used in the identification of bile acids. It reacts with 4-chlorophenol to form a red dye. This compound is also used as a ligand for metal ions.

4-Nitrophenyl b-D-thiomannopyranoside acts as a substrate for β-mannosidase and thioglycoligase. Upon enzymatic cleavage, these substrates release 4-nitrophenol, a yellow chromophore that can be detected spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, facilitating quantitative measurements of enzymatic activity. Consequently, these substrates are widely used in biochemical research, clinical diagnostics, and drug discovery for evaluating the function of specific enzymes in various biological processes.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-D-xylopyranoside is an enzyme substrate that can be used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity. This product has been shown to be a good ligand for various xanthine oxidoreductases, including xanthine dehydrogenase and uricase. 5BBIX is also a chromogenic substrate for horseradish peroxidase and can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide in the presence of osmium tetroxide or potassium permanganate. 5BBIX has been extensively tested for use in diagnostics, food, and environmental testing.

4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorescent compound that is used in diagnostics and research. The compound is an enzyme substrate, a ligand for metal ions, and a chromogenic substrate. It can be used to test cultures of bacteria in culture media, as well as for food testing and environmental testing. 4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside has high purity and quality due to its high fluorescence intensity. This product has been shown to be highly stable in various conditions and may be used in conjugates with other compounds.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy--4,6--O--4--methoxybenzylidene--a--D--galactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate for the enzyme beta galactosidase. It reacts with this enzyme to form 4 nitrophenol and acetamide. 4 Nitrophenyl 2 acetamido 3 O (3,4,6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranosyl) 2 deoxy 4 6 O 4 methoxybenzylidene a D galactopyranoside is used as a chromogenic substrate in diagnostics and as an environmental testing agent. It can be used as an imaging

4-Nitrophenyl 2,6-di-O-benzoyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is a specialized chromogenic substrate for the accurate evaluation of α-galactosidase activity. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, it generates the chromophore 4-nitrophenol, which can be conveniently quantified by absorbance spectroscopy. The substrate features a unique benzoylated galactopyranoside moiety for enhanced selectivity and compound stability. This high-quality substrate is perfect for various research, analytical, and diagnostic applications involving α-galactosidase detection or quantification.

S-(4-Nitrophenyl)mercapturic acid (S-NPMA) is the major metabolite of 4-nitrophenol, which is a precursor to dyes and pharmaceuticals. S-NPMA has been detected in urine samples from humans, rats, and mice. The main metabolic pathway for S-NPMA is an oxidative conversion by cytochrome P450 enzymes. S-NPMA has been found to be a useful biomarker for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in wastewater and human urine. The levels of this compound have also been shown to increase with age in humans.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside is a specialized chromogenic pNP substrate featuring dual glucose-linked moieties, designed for accurate detection and quantification of specific glycosidase enzymes. Upon cleavage by target enzymes, this substrate releases 4-Nitrophenol, which can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically as a yellow color change. This advanced substrate offers enhanced specificity and sensitivity in enzyme assays, facilitating cutting-edge research in biochemistry, enzymology, and other related fields.

4-Nitrophenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used for the detection of aminoglycosides in biological fluids. It is a high purity and high quality product with CAS No. 482743. The product has been tested for safety and purity using culture media and environmental testing. This product may be used as a bioluminescence substrate to detect the presence of aminoglycosides in samples such as urine, serum or plasma. 4NTPAGDG is also useful as a fluorogenic substrate for diagnostics and enzyme substrates for food testing.

4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a high purity fluorescent reagent that can be used as a substrate for many enzymes. It is also used in environmental testing and to detect the presence of nitrophenols in food. This product has CAS number 545414.

2-Nitrophenyl laurate is a fatty acid that is not able to be degraded and has a high affinity for magnetic particles. It can be used in the immobilization of bacteria, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which are resistant to many antibiotics. 2-Nitrophenyl laurate also inhibits the enzyme lipolytic enzymes, which are responsible for the degradation of phospholipids in the cell membrane. This inhibition may lead to an increase in bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. 2-Nitrophenyl laurate is a synthetic substrate that can be used to study the regulation of lipolytic enzymes by regulatory proteins.

Modified naphtol AS substrate used in histochemical and cytochemical staining

4-Nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltotetraoside is a chromogenic substrate used for the detection of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase activity. The four glucose units in the molecule are hydrolyzed by the enzyme, releasing 4-nitrophenol and allowing for easy colorimetric measurement of enzymatic activity

1-Naphthyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate. It is used in diagnostics and as a reagent for enzymatic analysis of alpha-mannosidase activity in culture media, food testing, and environmental testing.

4-Nitrophenyl beta-galactoside (pNP-Gal) is a chromogenic substrate commonly used in enzymatic assays to detect and quantify the presence of beta-galactosidase. It is hydrolyzed by the enzyme to release 4-nitrophenol, which produces a yellow color that can be measured spectrophotometrically. Similarly, 4-Nitrophenyl beta-glucoside (pNP-Glc) can be used to assay beta-glucosidase activity. 4-Nitrophenyl beta-globotrioside (pNP-Glo) is a similar compound that has been designed as a substrate for glycosidases that cleave terminal beta-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetylgalactosamine residues. In these assays, the release of 4-nitrophenol can be measured to determine the activity of the enzyme under study. The use of chromogenic substrates like pNP-Glo allows for the rapid and reliable detection of glycosidase activity in a variety of biological samples.

4-Nitrophenyl-myo-inositol-1-yl phosphate is a highly specific chromogenic substrate used for the detection, quantification, and characterization of phosphoinositide phosphatases. When cleaved by the target enzyme, it generates a highly absorbing 4-nitrophenyl moiety, producing a yellow color that can be measured spectrophotometrically. This versatile substrate is valuable in examining phosphoinositide phosphatase activity, enzyme kinetics, substrate specificity, and inhibition studies in various cellular processes, including signal transduction, lipid metabolism, and membrane trafficking.