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8-Hydroxyquinoline b-D-glucopyranoside (8-OHG-glu) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate commonly used to detect the presence of beta-glucosidase in biological samples. When hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase, 8-OHG-glu produces a yellow-orange color, indicating the presence of the enzyme. This substrate is particularly useful for measuring beta-glucosidase activity in soil and plant samples.

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The 4-Nitrophenyl a-D-xylopyranoside is a highly sensitive and reliable chromogenic substrate tailored for the detection and analysis of alpha-D-xylosidase enzyme activity. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, it forms 4-nitrophenol, a yellow compound with remarkable fluorescence that enables a straightforward, quantitative assay in areas including environmental science, metabolism studies, and enzyme modifier exploration.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside is a compound that is commonly used as an enzyme substrate for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK). It is activated by GSK-3β and has been shown to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. This compound has also been found to have inhibitory effects on other enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and lactate dehydrogenase. Additionally, 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside exhibits antifungal activity against various fungi, including those resistant to other antifungal agents such as fluopyram and prothioconazole. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. Furthermore, this compound has potential applications in the development of new drugs targeting GSK-3β and β-catenin signaling pathways, which are implicated in various diseases including cancer and neuro

Chromogenic substrate for α-D-Fucosidase yielding a blue precipitate.

2-O-(4-Nitrophenyl)-a-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, also known as p-nitrophenyl N-acetylneuraminic acid, is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the detection and quantification of neuraminidase (sialidase) activity. Upon cleavage by neuraminidase, it releases a yellow-colored product, 4-nitrophenol, which can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. This substrate is widely used in various applications, including enzyme kinetics studies, inhibitor screening, and the determination of neuraminidase activity in biological samples such as viruses, bacteria, and cell lysates. It is particularly useful for studying the enzymatic properties of neuraminidases from different sources and for the development of novel antiviral and antibacterial agents targeting neuraminidase activity.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-L-rhamnoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alpha-L-rhamnosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-L-rhamnoside is used in bacterial rhamnose metabolism studies (e.g. E. coli).

2-Nitrophenyl b-D-xylobioside is a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme xylanase.

4-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorescent probe that can be used in the study of the biochemical properties of enzymes. This compound binds to the enzyme's active site, which allows for transfer reactions to occur. 4-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside is an artificial substrate that is biochemically inert and has a similar physical structure to natural substrates. It can be used as a model system to study enzymatic reactions and has been shown to have pharmacokinetic properties and a pH optimum. The detection sensitivity of this compound is high, making it ideal for use in biochemical studies.

Chromogenic cephalosporin substrate for the detection of beta-lactamase activity

Memantine impurity IV is a hydrolysis product of memantine. It appears as a white to off-white powder and has a molecular weight of 198.1 g/mol. Memantine impurity IV is an intermediate in the production of memantine and is therefore not used for any other purpose. The compound contains hydroxy groups, hydroxy, alcohols, and bridgehead groups which are efficient at hydrolyzing to form amino acids.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-L-Fucosidase. It produces a green-blue color.

Crimson-Gal (Crimson-beta-D-galactopyranoside) is a chromogenic indicator for beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a crimson colored precipitate. Crimson-Gal can also be used as detecting agent for beta-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Read more in the Application Notes.

Chromogenic substrate targeting cellulases

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used in enzyme and chromogenic assays. It is a high purity, stable product with a CAS number of 53673-61-7. This product has been shown to have fluorescence properties under acidic conditions, as well as chemiluminescence properties when exposed to an oxidizing agent. This compound can be used for the detection of bacterial activity in culture media and for the detection of pathogens in environmental samples. The conjugate can also be used for food testing.

Aldol® 518 alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of alpha-D-glucosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by alpha-D-glucosidase, generating red fluorescent signal and in some conditions, an orange colour in the visible spectrum can get formed, staining bacterial colonies in faint orange coloration. Aldol® 518 alpha-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

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Chromogenic substrate for esterase with C8 activity yielding a blue precipitate upon cleavage.

Aldol® 455 beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-glucosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by beta-glucosidase producing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding a yellow color and green to orange fluorescence. Aldol® 455 beta-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

3-Indoxyl phosphate p-toluidine salt is a secretor of blood group A. It is used in the detection of the presence of alkaline phosphatase in serum and other body fluids. This compound has been shown to be an isoform of 3-indoxyl phosphate with a molecular mass of about 4,000 daltons. It is also used as a substrate for gel electrophoresis and filtration experiments. The purified form of this compound has been shown to have an alkaline phosphatase activity that is ˜4 times greater than that found in human serum and intestinal extracts.