Stéroïdes et Dérivés

<p>Applications The hydrophilic metabolite of Dexamethasone (D298800).<br>References Draper, R., et al.: Drug Res., 32, 317 (1982), Watkins, P., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 52, 265 (1992), Yamamoto, N., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 18, 2301 (2000), Slaviero, K., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 57, 44 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications The 17α-metabolite of Equilin (E592800).<br>References Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997), Wang, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2419 (2000), Jiang, X., et al.: Steroids, 71, 334 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications A glucocorticoid microemulsion nasal preparation allergy inhibitor rhinitis.<br>References Fukuoka, E., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 35, 2943 (1987), Schmitt, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 291 (1999), Hancock, B., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 397 (2000), Hogan, S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 18, 112 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications A synthetic steroid with weak estrogenic, androgenic and progestogenic activity. A pharamceutical used in the treatment of menopausal syndrome.<br>References de Visser, J., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 34, 1010 (1984), Geusens, P., et al.: Maturitas Suppl, 1, 1 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Vitamin D2 (V676040).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Barnes, P., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 83, 1527 (1989), Holick, M., et al.: J. Cell Biochem., 88(2), 296 (2003), Maunsell, Z., et al.: Clin. Chem., 51, 1683 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Brunmair, B., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 311, 109 (2004), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Estrone (E889050), which is a metabolite of 17β-Estradiol (E888000). During the metabolism, it is in rapid equilibrium with Estriol (E888960) and 17β-Estradiol (E888000) (1). Causes the feminization of male fish at human and animal waste sites (2).Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Both, D. et al.: Anal. Prof. Drug Subst. 1983 12 pp135-1892. Goodman-Gruen, D. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996 Aug;81(8):2999-3003.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled progesterone receptor antagonist with partial agonist activity. Abortifacient.<br>References Healy, D.L., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 57, 863 (1983), Rauch, M., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 148, 213 (1985), Baulieu, E.E., et al.: Science, 245, 1351 (1989), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 45, 384 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxytestosterone is an anabolic steroid and does not have any therapeutic indication. 4-Hydroxytestosterone is metabolite of the aromatase inhibitor Formestane (F692250). 4-Hydroxytestosterone concentration in the urine can be used as a biomarker for steroid misuse.Controlled Substance.<br>References Kohler, M. et al.: Steroids, 72, 278 (2007); Brodie, A.M. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem., 14, 693 (1981); Van Renterghem, P. et al.: Steroids, 75, 154 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity G<br>Applications Flurandrenolone Acetate, is the derivative of Flurandrenolide (F598650), which is a Glucocorticoid, used as an antipsoriatic.<br>References Pearlman, R., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 18, 53 (1984), Neufeld, E., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 718, 273 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Prednival was used in the study of inflammation-inhibiting activity of steroids.<br>References Bodor, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 26, 318 (1983); Stouch, T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 2125 (2986);<br></p>

<p>Applications 7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one is a metabolite of Cholesterol (C432501).<br>References Connor, W., et al.: J, Clin. Invest., 48, 1363 (1969), Nestel, P., et al.: Metabolism, 24, 189 (1975), Ellegard, L., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 45, 451 (1991), Pedersen, A., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 41, 1901 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxyestrone is a endogenous estrogen metabolite. 2-Methoxyestrone detection can be used as a breast cancer biomarker and help assess the risk-factors for development of breast cancer.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Franke, A.A. et al.: Ana;. Bioanal. Chem., 401, 1319 (2011); Farlow, D.W. et al.: J. Chrom B Anal. Technol. Biomed Life Sci., 877, 1327 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Estradiol Enanthate has been used as an injectable contraceptive.<br>References Coutinho, E.M., et. al.: Contraception, 73, 249 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Betamethasone Acid is a derivative of Betamethasone (B327000), a gluccocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Ferrante, M.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 43 (1977), Li, A., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 142, 7 (2002), Cruz-Monteagudo, M., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 40, 1030 (2005), Rothfuss, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1313 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Dehydroprogesterone is an impurity found in progesterone (P755900).<br>References Maslov, L., et al.: Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, 29, 53 (1995); Sokolova, T., et al.: Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal , 19, 236 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Estradiol. It is an estrogenic steroid synthesized exclusively by the fetal liver during human pregnancy and reaching the maternal circulation through the placenta.<br>References Gurpide, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol., 26, 1355 (1966), Hagen, A., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol., 30, 763 (1970), Schollberg, K., et al.: Exp. Clin. Endocrinol., 85, 204 (1985), Coelingh Bennink, H., et al.: Contraception, 77, 186 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levonorgestrel EP Impurity L<br>Applications D-Ethyl Gonendione (Levonorgestrel EP Impurity L) is a Norgestrel intermediate.<br>References Hiraga, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 13, 1289 (1965), Bergink, F.W., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 14, 175 (1981), Phillips, A., et al.: Contraception, 36, 181 (1987), Corson, S.L., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 168, 1017 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Estradiol.<br>References Miilunpohja, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 100, 59 (2006), Ikonomou, M., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 27, 243 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications A synthetic progestational agent used in veterinary medicine for the control of estrus in mares.<br>References Machnik M. et al.: J. Vet. Phamacol. Therap., 30, 86 (2007); Goncalves dos Santos, J.M. et al.: Anim. Reprod. Sci., 84, 407 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Spironolactone-d3 is the labeled analogue of Spironolactone (S683000), a synthetic 17-lactone steroid which is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist in a class of pharmaceuticals called potassium-sparing diuretics, used primarily to treat ascites in patients with liver disease, low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn’s syndrome.<br>References Sutter, J.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 431 (1975)<br></p>

<p>Applications An Androgen.Controlled substance.<br>References Alikhan, A., et al.: J. App. Toxicol., 29, 590 (2009), Christy H., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 116, 171 (2009), Li, C., et al.: Steroids, 75, 859 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone (H952330). 17α-Hydroxy Progesterone is a metabolite of Progesterone. It was isolated from adrenal glands.<br>References Pfiffner, N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 132, 459 (1940), Florey, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs.,4, 209 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17beta-Estradiol-16,16,17-d3 3-Benzoate (CAS# 1192354-74-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 20α-Dihydrodydrogesterone is the major active metabolite of dydrogesterone (D826000).<br>References Olbrich, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 46, 868-874 (2016)<br></p>

<p>(1α)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-chloro-1-(chloromethyl)-pregna-4,6-<br>diene-3,20-dione; 6-Chloro-1α-(chloromethyl)-17-<br>hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione Acetate; Cyproterone<br>Acetate EP Impurity C</p>

<p>Applications Estrogen; antineoplastic (hormonal).<br>References Aboul-Enein, H.Y., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 347 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel is the reduced analogue of levonorgestrel (N689510), a safe, tolerated and effective emergency contraceptive for women.<br>References Cabeza, M., et al.: Steroids., 60, 630 (1995); Lemus, A.E., et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem. Molec. Biol., 41,881 (1992); Bergink. E.W., et al.: J. Steroids. Biochem., 14, 175 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Eplerenone, which is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br></p>

<p>Applications A synthetic progestin largely used in hormone therapy, on the central nervous system by studying two markers of the neuroendocrine function: the neurosteroid allopregnanolone and the opioid .beta.-endorphin. Progestogen.<br>References Bernardi, F., et al.: Eur. J. Endocrinol., 138, 316 (1998), Rupprecht, R., et al.: Steroids, 64, 83 (1999), Uzunova, V., et al.: Brain Res., 976, 1 (2003), Pluchino, N., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 102, 205 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a synthetic 17-lactone steroid which is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist in a class of pharmaceuticals called potassium-sparing diuretics, used primarily to treat ascites in patients with liver disease, low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn’s syndrome.<br>References Sutter, J.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 431 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Smith, S., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 10H (1997), Jacobsen, W., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1369 (2000), Istvan, E., et al.: Science, 292, 1160 (2001), Tabernero, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19933 (2003), Bratton, L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5576 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), structurally similar to Spiranolactone. Eplerenone is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br>References de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), Delyani, J.A., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 19, 185 (2001), Burgess, E., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 2573 (2004), Ravis, W.R., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 810 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Betamethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity G<br>Applications Betamethasone Tripropionate (Betamethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity G) is a Betamethasone (B327000) related compound.<br>References Grootveld, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 271 (1988), Chen, B., et al.: Steriods, 74, 30 (2009), Mikami, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 28, 261 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5β-Finasteride is an azasteroid and 5β-isomeric impurity of Finasteride (F342000).<br>References Cendrowska, I. et al.: J. Liq. Chrom. Rel. Technol., 22, 2259 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Medroxyprogesterone, an orally active progestogen used in hormone replacement therepy (HRT), in the past has been used as a component of oral contraceptives.<br>References Pan, Q., et al.: Mol. Hum. Reprod., 13, 797 (2007), Matsson, P., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 323, 19 (2007), Jukosky, J.A., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 81, 230 (2008), Cherkasov, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 2047 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone Enanthate is a derivative of testosterone (T155000), the principal hormone of the testes, produced by the interstitial cells.<br>References Janjic, M.M., et al.: Reproduct. Toxicol., 34, 686 (2012); Lacreuse, A., et al.: Physiol. Behaviour., 106, 229 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4’-Hydroxy Dutasteride is an impurity of Dutasteride (D735000), a dual inhibitor of 5α-reductase isoenzymes type 1 and 2; structurally related to Finasteride (F342000). Dutasteride is used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.<br>References Bakshi, R.K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3189 (1995), Gisleskog, P.O., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 47, 53 (1999), Djavan, B., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 311 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Estradiol acetate is used a reactant in the preparation of a modifier conjugate through a physiologically cleavable bond for enhanced drug transport across membranes.<br>References Hale, R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (1993), WO 9325197 A1 19931223.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,3-Dimethoxyestra-5(10),9(11)-dien-17-one, can be used for the synthesis of Trenbolone Acetate (T719080).<br>References Zhang, H., et al.: Fudan Xuebao, Yixueban, 29 (3), 211 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications 21-Dehydro Betamethasone is an impurity of Betamethasone (B327000), a corticosteroid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Chen, B., et al.: Steroids, 74, 30 (2009); Li, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 894 (2009); Xiong, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 49, 646 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications (7α,11α,12α,17α)-11,12-Epoxy-17-hydroxy-3-oxo-pregn-4-ene-7,21-dicarboxylic Acid Lactone, Methyl Ester is an impurity of eplerenone (E588775). Eplerenone is a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), structurally similar to Spiranolactone. Eplerenone is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br>References de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), Delyani, J.A., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 19, 185 (2001), Burgess, E., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 2573 (2004), Ravis, W.R., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 810 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Quinestrol is an estrogen-like compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications An impurity of the selective FP prostaglandin receptor agonist Travoprost (T715600) used as an ocularly applied intraocular pressure reducing agent.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Budesonide (B689490) epimer R. Budesonide 22R epimer is more active than 22S epimer. Used as an antiinflammatory agent.<br>References Ryrfeldt., A., et a.: J. Steroid Biochem., 10, 317 (1979), Roth, G., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 766 (1980), Clissold, S.P., et al.: Drugs, 28, 485 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Prednisolone (P703740) metabolite.<br>References Garg, V., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Disposition, 15, 163 (1994), Adham, N., et al.: Proc. Biochem., 38, 897 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 19-Hydroxyandrostendione is a novel substituted estrogen as aromatase inhibitor. It induces neuroendocrine trans-differentiation of prostate cancer cells via an ectopic olactory receptor.<br>References Polan, M., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 70, 480 (1990), Kawasaki, T., et al.: Clin. Exp. Rheumatol., 18, 743, (2000), Castagnetta, L., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 8, 3146 (2002); Frontiers in Oncology, May 2018, vol. 8, article 162; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00162" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00162</a>; Gen. Eng. and Biotech. News (<a href="https://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/could-prostate-cancer-be-treated-with-aromatherapy-in-the-future/81255862)" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/could-prostate-cancer-be-treated-with-aromatherapy-in-the-future/81255862)</a><br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 4-Methoxyestrone (M226135). An endogenous estrogen metabolite, risk-factor for development of breast cancer.<br>References Beral, V., et al.: Lancet, 362, 419 (2003), Nelson, R., et al.: Clin. Chem., 50, 373 (2004), Malekinejad, H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 9785 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Androstane Spin Label (ASL) is a spin labelled Androstane used to mimic Androstane.<br>References Scheidt, H., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 45563 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications An inhibitor of steroid biosynthesis. Used as an adrenocortical suppressant. Used in the treatment of breast cancer.<br>References Komanicky, P., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 47, 1042 (1978), Mori, Y., et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 29, 2646 (1981), Williams, C.J., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rep., 71, 1197 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Smith, S., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 10H (1997), Jacobsen, W., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1369 (2000), Istvan, E., et al.: Science, 292, 1160 (2001), Tabernero, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19933 (2003), Bratton, L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5576 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications An anti-inflammatory drug used in veterinary medicine. It is a corticosteroid with both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity and has been shown to increase the frequency of severe hypokalemia in healthy cows.<br>References Coffer, N.Y. et al.: Am. J. Vet. Res., 67, 1244 (2006); Seifi, H.A. et al.: J. Diary Sci., 90, 4181 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity J<br>Applications 9α-Fluoro-11β-hydroxy-16-β-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17(R)-spiro-2’-[4’-chloro-5’-ethylfuran-3’(2’H)-one (Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity J) is an impurity in the synthesis of Clobetasol 17-Propionate (C583500), a topical corticosteroid. Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Olsen, E.A., et al.: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 15, 246 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications An impurity of Fluvastatin.<br></p>

<p>Applications A degradation and metabolic intermediate of Betamethasone (B3270000).<br></p>

<p>Applications Deflazacort-d3, is the labeled analogue of Deflazacort (D228975), a systemic corticosteroid, and a derivative of prednisolone. Used for rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.<br>References Nathansohn, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 10,799 (1967), Schiatti, P., et al.: Arzneim. Forsch., 30, 1543 (1980), Cavall-Perin, P., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 26, 357 (1984), Imbimbo, B., et al.: Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 171, 241 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications The 17β-metabolite of Equilin (E592800).<br>References Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997), Wang, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2419 (2000), Jiang, X., et al.: Steroids, 71, 334 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pregna-​4,​9(11)​-​diene-​3,​20-​dione is a Progesterone (P755900) impurity, a steroid hormone produced by the corpus luteum. Induces maturation and secretory activity of the uterine endothelium; suppresses ovulation. Progesterone is implicated in the etiology of breast cancer.<br>References Thomas, P. et al.: Endocrinol., 148, 705 (2007); Anderson, E., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 197 (2002), Lanari, C., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 240 (2002), Albrecht, E.D., et al.: Front. Biosci., 8, 416 (2003), Qiu, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 147 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Desonide 21-Acetate is a reactant in the synthesis of 7α-halogenocorticosteroids with anti-inflammatory activity.<br>References De, K., et. al.: J. Indian Chem. Soc., 79, 513 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protodioscin is a steroidal saponin compound found in a number of plant species. It is known to be the active component of the herbal aphrodisiac plant Tribulus terrestris. It has also shown to produce significant increases in the levels of the hormonal levels in animal studies.<br>References Gauthaman, K., et al.: Inter. J. Phytother. Phytopharm., 15, 44 (2008); Ganzera, M., et al.: J. Pharmac. Sci., 90(11), 1752 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Dexamethasone 21-Phosphate Dimer is a derivative of Dexamethasone (D298800), a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent. Dexamethasone regulates T cell survival, growth, and differentiation. Dexamethasone inhibits the induction of nitric oxide synthase.<br>References Wershil, B.K., et al.: Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 107, 323 (1995), Riccardi, C., et al.: Cell Death Diff., 6, 1182 (1999), Llanos, S.L. and Roldan, A.: Bio Cell, 23, 29 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Progesterone EP Impurity C<br>Applications 20β-Dihydroprogesterone (Progesterone EP Impurity C) is an impurity of Progesterone (P755900), a steroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum. Progesterone have various significant physiological roles, such as inducing the maturation and secretory activities of the uterine endothelium and the suppression of ovulation. Progesterone is also implicated in the etiology of breast cancer.<br>References Anderson, E., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 197 (2002), Lanari, C., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 240 (2002), Albrecht, E.D., et al.: Front. Biosci., 8, 416 (2003), Qiu, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 147 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of the neuroactive steroid Progesterone (PROG) (P755900).<br>References Wiebe, J., et al.: Cancer Res., 60, 936 (2000), Lacasa, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 11512 (2001), Johansson, I., et al.: Brain Res., 934, 125 (2002), Leonhardt, S., et al.: Steroids, 68, 761 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxy Estradiol 1-N7-Guanine is an estrogen metabolite formed with DNA which can lead to the mutations that initiate breast, prostate, and other types of cancer. Estrogen-DNA depurinating adducts as biomarkers of cancer risk and their use in cancer detection and prevention.<br>References Chakravarti, D., et al.: Mutat. Res., 456, 17 (2000), Liehr, J., et al.: Endocr. Rev., 21, 4054 (2000), Chakravarti, D., et al.: Oncogene, 20, 7945 (2001), Cavalieri, E., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 1041 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications A 16α-substituted Prednisolone as potent topical antiinflammatory agent.<br>References Lutsky, B.N., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 29, 1662 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihydrodigoxin is a cardioinactive metabolite of Digoxin (D446575) that gets excreted in the urine after Digoxin administration in humans.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Clark, D.R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 2, 148 (1974); Reuning, R.H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 13, 51 (1985); Butler, V.P., et al.: Pharmacology, 221, 123 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5β-Dihydro Progesterone-d8 is labelled which is labelled 5β-Dihydro Progesterone (D449280), a metabolite of the neuroactive steroid Progesterone (PROG) (P755900).<br>References Wiebe, J., et al.: Cancer Res., 60, 936 (2000), Lacasa, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 11512 (2001), Johansson, I., et al.: Brain Res., 934, 125 (2002), Leonhardt, S., et al.: Steroids, 68, 761 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications (25R)-26-Hydroxycholesterol is a desmosterol metabolite that is found in the brain. 26-Hydroxycholesterol has been used as a biomarker for carbon cycling in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.<br>References Meljon, A., et. al.: J. Lipid Res., 53, 2469 (2012); Christodoulou, S., et. al.: Marine Chem., 113, 25 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A derivative of Danazol (D145000).<br>References Manson, A.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 1 (1963), Jordan, V.C., et al.: Endocrinology, 124, 1717 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Dexamethasone 21-Mesylate is a derivative of Dexamethasone (D298800), a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Kim, T.H., et al.: J. Nanosci. Nanotech., 13, 7325 (2013); Joshi, T., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 172, 1360 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Equilin (7-Dehydroestrone) is a neurotrophic estrogenic steroid with vasodilatory activity used in the study of hypertension.</p>

<p>Applications Mifepristone is a progesterone receptor antagonist with partial agonist activity. Abortifacient.<br>References Healy, D.L., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 57, 863 (1983), Rauch, M., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 148, 213 (1985), Baulieu, E.E., et al.: Science, 245, 1351 (1989), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 45, 384 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxy Ospemifene is an Ospemifene (O703000) impurity, used to treat dyspareunia. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) acting similarly to an estrogen.<br>References Rutanen, E., et al.: Menopause, 10, 433 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Digitoxin (D445950), is used as a cardiotonic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Foerster, et al.: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther., 159, 1 (1966), Jakovljevic, I.M., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 149 (1974)<br></p>

<p>Applications Gestrinone is a Steroidal antiestrogen, antiprogestogen, analog of Norgestrienone. Antigonadotropin.Controlled substance.<br>References Azadian-Boulanger, G., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 125, 1049 (1976), Thomas, E.J., et al.: Br. Med. J., 294, 272 (1987), Coutinho, E.M., et al.: Fertil. Steril., 49, 418 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Cholesterol (C432501) metabolite. Lathosterol (indicating cholesterol synthesis) and Sitosterol (indicating cholesterol absorption) also decreased with deteriorating health. Low Lathosterol, Sitosterol (S497050), and Cholesterol (C432501) predicted mortality additively and independently of each other.<br>References Chyou, P., et al.: Age Ageing, 29, 69 (2000), Schatz, I., et al.: Lancet, 358, 351 (2001), Bjorkman, M., et al.: Eur. J. Endocrinol., 158, 749 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Estriol EP Impurity F<br>Applications 16-Epiestriol (Estriol EP Impurity F) is a metabolite of Estradiol.<br>References Marrian, B., et al.: Biochem. J., 59, 136 (1955), Dietel, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 6100 (1990), Schumacher, G., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 5, 493 (1999), Robert, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 4805 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levonorgestrel EP Impurity M<br>Applications 6(7)-Dehydro Norgestrel (Levonorgestrel EP Impurity M) is a Norgestrel (N689500) impurity.<br>References Gorog, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 400 177 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Estradiol. Estradiol (known as α-Estradiol or 17 α-Estradiol) is a biologically active estrogen in human breast cancer cells in tissue culture. 17-Εstradiol and its selective receptor, ER-X, are not part of a classical hormone/receptor endocrine system but of a system with important autocrine/paracrine functions in the developing and adult brain. 17-Estradiol may have enormous implications for hormone replacement strategies at the menopause and in the treatment of such neurodegenerative disorders as Alzheimer’s disease and ischemic stroke.<br>References Salole, E.G., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986), Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstret. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987), Kuhnz, W., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 43, 966 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Eplerenone. Used in combination therapy for treatment of cardiovascular disorders.<br>References Staessen, J., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 91, 457 (1981), de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), MacFadyen, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 35, 30 (1997),<br></p>