Peptides

<p>The Total GLP-1-HS ELISA (1ea) is a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that measures the concentration of active GLP-1 in human serum. The assay employs a monoclonal antibody specific to human GLP-1 and an enzyme conjugate, which is a radiolabeled anti-human GLP-1 antibody. The Total GLP-1-HS ELISA (1ea) has been validated for use with samples from both healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>

<p>APYTFGQGTK peptide is a sequence from light chain of Adalimumab monoclonal antibody. Due to its universal location in Adalimumab antibody, APYTFGQGTK is used as a specific signature peptide for the quantitation of Adalimumab. Indeed, proteomic studies allows quantification of proteins in blood samples.<br>What is Adalimumab?<br>Adalimumab corresponds to a therapeutic monoclonal antibody. It is a subcutaneously administered biological disease modifier for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic debilitating diseases mediated by tumor necrosis factor. This drug is frequently known as Humira.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Thymosin-b4 Human Recombinant including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>GRP is a protein that belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptor family. It is activated by the ligand ghrelin and has been shown to be involved in the regulation of food intake, energy expenditure, gastric acid secretion and other physiological processes. GRP is also expressed in various types of cells including neurons, pancreatic beta cells, and cardiac myocytes. The antibody against GRP recognizes human GRP with high purity. This antibody can be used as a research tool for studying the functions of GRP or for immunohistochemistry to study the distribution of GRP in tissues.</p>

<p>Anti-Substance P Serum is a high purity protein that specifically binds to the receptor for substance P, which is a peptide hormone. This product has an affinity for the high affinity binding site of the receptor and inhibits the activity of substance P. Anti-Substance P Serum is used as a research tool in pharmacology and cell biology, as well as in antibody production.</p>

<p>A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of Meis3 antibody, catalog no. 70R-8736</p>

<p>Custom research peptide; min purity 95%. For different specs please use the Peptide Quote Tool</p>

<p>EBV BMLF1 (280-288) is an epitope of the early lytic BMLF1 peptide of Epstein-Barr virus. EBV BMLF1 peptide presented by HLA-A*02:01 is one of the most immunogenic T-cell targets from the EBV proteome. EBV BMLF1 (280-288) can be used for the isolation and the stimulation of antigen-specific T cells.<br>Applications of EBV BMLF1 (280-288):<br>CD8+ cells have an important role in controlling Epstein-Barr virus infection. Indeed, the expansion of infected B cells is controlled by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, EBV BMLF1 (280-288) is important in study to detect EBV-specific CD8+ T cells by flow cytometry, per example in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infected patients. EBV BMLF1 (280-288) is also used to analyze and measure the immune response and cytokine production in PBMCs cells to the virus with an application of ELISPOT assay.</p>

<p>EGF is a growth factor that is secreted by many types of cells, including endocrine cells and immune cells. It binds to the EGF receptor on the surface of cells. Binding activates tyrosine kinase receptors, which in turn promote cell growth and division. EGF has been used as a research tool for investigating protein interactions and studying ion channels. It can also be used to study the role of EGF in cell biology and as an inhibitor to study protein-protein interactions.</p>

<p>MAL-dPEG®8-TFP Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®8-TFP Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-AMC is a peptide that activates ion channels. It is an agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and can be used in research to investigate the pharmacology of nAChRs. Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-AMC can also be used as a high purity ligand for antibody production, which has applications in cell biology and other life science research.</p>

<p>Neurokinin A is a peptide that belongs to the tachykinin family and has been shown to activate receptors, such as NK-1. It is a potent inhibitor of ion channels and has also been shown to inhibit ligand binding to the receptor. Neurokinin A is used in research for studying protein interactions, receptor effects, peptides, and ion channels. It can be used in cell biology for studying life science and research tools for high purity and antibody production. This product is not intended for therapeutic use.</p>

<p>NHS-Biotin is a biotin analog that can be used as an affinity label for the purification of specific proteins. NHS-Biotin is synthesized by reacting monoclonal antibody with lysine residues and a hydroxyl group, which form a covalent bond known as an amide linkage. The NHS-Biotin can then be covalently attached to the protein of interest. This attachment allows the protein to be purified by passing it over a column of immobilized streptavidin. NHS-Biotin has been shown to bind to actin filaments in humans and uptake peptide hormones in the bloodstream. It was also found that human serum contains chemical reactions with NHS-Biotin, forming a disulfide bond between two cysteine residues on the protein.</p>

<p>Adjuvant peptide is a research tool that can be used in the study of protein interactions, pharmacology and cell biology. It can also be used as an inhibitor for ion channels or receptors. Adjuvant peptide has a molecular weight of 638.2 Da and a purity of &gt; 98%.</p>

<p>Apelin-13 is a peptide that belongs to the class of activators. It has been shown to activate the ATP-sensitive potassium ion channels and inhibit the calcium ion channels in cells. Apelin-13 also binds to receptors on cells, which leads to activation of signaling pathways. The affinity for these receptors has been determined using an antibody. In addition, it has been shown that Apelin-13 interacts with other proteins and ligands in a variety of ways through protein interactions and receptor binding.</p>

m-dPEG®11-OH is a PEG polymer categorised as monofunctional (OH-PEG-X). Used as a linker, m-dPEG®11-OH is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.

Please enquire for more information about Nesfatin-1 (rat) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

<p>MAL-dPEG®8-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®8-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>t-boc-N-Amido-dPEG®12-OH is a PEG polymer categorised as monofunctional (OH-PEG-X). Used as a linker, t-boc-N-amido-dPEG®12-OH is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>

<p>Amino-dPEG®24-t-Butyl Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Amino-dPEG®24-t-Butyl Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>SARS Coronavirus is an enveloped virus containing 3 outer structural proteins, namely the membrane (M), envelope (E), and spike (S) proteins. Spike (S)-glycoprotein of the virus interacts with a cellular receptor and mediates membrane fusion to allow viral entry into susceptible target cells. Accordingly, S-protein takes part in virus infection cycle and is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies. SARS Spike is produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells and is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 1188 amino acids (14-1195 aa) and having a molecular mass of 131.9kDa.SARS Spike is fused to a 6 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. The formulation of the SARS Spike (14-1195) solution (0.25mg/ml) contains Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% Glycerol. Its biological activity has been measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA with Human ACE-2. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).<br>One-Letter Formula: SDLDRCTTFD DVQAPNYTQH TSSMRGVYYP DEIFRSDTLY LTQDLFLPFY SNVTGFHTIN HTFGNPVIPF KDGIYFAATE KSNVVRGWVF GSTMNNKSQS VIIINNSTNV VIRACNFELC DNPFFAVSKP MGTQTHTMIF DNAFNCTFEY ISDAFSLDVS EKSGNFKHLR EFVFKNKDGF LYVYKGYQPI DVVRDLPSGF NTLKPIFKLP LGINITNFRA ILTAFSPAQD IWGTSAAAYF VGYLKPTTFM LKYDENGTIT DAVDCSQNPL AELKCSVKSF EIDKGIYQTS NFRVVPSGDV VRFPNITNLC PFGEVFNATK FPSVYAWERK KISNCVADYS VLYNSTFFST FKCYGVSATK LNDLCFSNVY ADSFVVKGDD VRQIAPGQTG VIADYNYKLP DDFMGCVLAW NTRNIDATST GNYNYKYRYL RHGKLRPFER DISNVPFSPD GKPCTPPALN CYWPLNDYGF YTTTGIGYQP YRVVVLSFEL LNAPATVCGP KLSTDLIKNQ CVNFNFNGLT GTGVLTPSSK RFQPFQQFGR DVSDFTDSVR DPKTSEILDI SPCAFGGVSV ITPGTNASSE VAVLYQDVNC TDVSTAIHAD QLTPAWRIYS TGNNVFQTQA GCLIGAEHVD TSYECDIPIG AGICASYHTV SLLRSTSQKS IVAYTMSLGA DSSIAYSNNT IAIPTNFSIS ITTEVMPVSM AKTSVDCNMY ICGDSTECAN LLLQYGSFCT QLNRALSGIA AEQDRNTREV FAQVKQMYKT PTLKYFGGFN FSQILPDPLK PTKRSFIEDL LFNKVTLADA GFMKQYGECL GDINARDLIC AQKFNGLTVL PPLLTDDMIA AYTAALVSGT ATAGWTFGAG AALQIPFAMQ MAYRFNGIGV TQNVLYENQK QIANQFNKAI SQIQESLTTT STALGKLQDV VNQNAQALNT LVKQLSSNFG AISSVLNDIL SRLDKVEAEV QIDRLITGRL QSLQTYVTQQ LIRAAEIRAS ANLAATKMSE CVLGQSKRVD FCGKGYHLMS FPQAAPHGVV FLHVTYVPSQ ERNFTTAPAI CHEGKAYFPR EGVFVFNGTS WFITQRNFFS PQIITTDNTF VSGNCDVVIG IINNTVYDPL QPELDSFKEE LDKYFKNHTS PDVDLGDISG INASVVNIQK EIDRLNEVAK NLNESLIDLQ ELGKYEQYIK WPHHHHHH</p>

<p>m-dPEG®48-MAL is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®48-MAL is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Kallidin is a peptide that is found in the venom of the Brazilian pit viper (Bothrops jararaca). It has been shown to activate ion channels and receptors. Des-Arg10-Kallidin is a research tool that can be used in cell biology, pharmacology, and life science research. This peptide binds to antibodies and creates an ion channel when it binds to a receptor. Kallidin also inhibits protein interactions by binding to the active site of proteases such as thrombin, trypsin, and cathepsin B. The high purity of this peptide makes it ideal for use in pharmaceuticals.</p>

<p>Epoxomicin is an activator that binds to the ligand-binding site of a receptor. It has been used as a research tool in cell biology, pharmacology, and immunology. Epoxomicin has been shown to inhibit ion channels by binding to them and blocking their activity. This property makes epoxomicin a good candidate for the treatment of epilepsy. Epoxomicin also inhibits protein synthesis through inhibition of ribosomal S6 kinase, which is involved in signal transduction pathways.</p>

<p>Bis-dPEG®13-Acid is a PEG polymer categorised as homobifunctional PEG (X-PEG X). Used as a linker, bis-dPEG®13-Acid is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>

<p>Thiol-dPEG®4-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Thiol-dPEG®4-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Phen-AMC is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which catalyzes the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Phen-AMC is used as a research tool to study protein interactions, activator, and ligand binding. This inhibitor also has been shown to activate nicotinic receptors, ion channels, and antibodies.</p>

<p>Human beta-endorphin is an opioid receptor agonist that belongs to the group of endogenous opioids. It is released by the pituitary gland and binds to receptors in the brain, where it stimulates the release of dopamine, which acts on many regions of the brain. Beta-endorphin has been used as a research tool for its ability to activate opioid receptors and study ligand-receptor interactions. This protein has also been used as a tool for studying ion channels, cell biology, pharmacology, and protein interactions.<br>This product is available as an 0.5mg vial.</p>

<p>BAM-12P is a peptide that binds to the extracellular domain of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. It is an inhibitor of this receptor, and has been shown to inhibit HIV-1 infection in vitro. BAM-12P has also been shown to act as an activator of the CXCR4 receptor in some cell lines, and can be used as a research tool for studying the effects of ligands on receptors. BAM-12P is chemically synthesized with high purity and its CAS number is 75513-71-2. It was isolated from the baculovirus expression system.</p>

<p>Nocistatin is a peptide that inhibits the activity of various types of ion channels. It does this by binding to their ligand-binding domain and preventing activation. Nocistatin is used as a research tool in pharmacology, cell biology, and biochemistry to study protein interactions and receptor function. Nocistatin has been shown to be an activator for the L-type calcium channel, suggesting that it may be useful for the treatment of conditions such as epilepsy or cardiac arrhythmias. Nocistatin was originally isolated from the venom of the tarantula Phoneutria nigriventer. It is purified from fish, bovine, or human sources.</p>

Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-AMC is a high purity, water soluble peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp. Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-AMC has been shown to activate the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and inhibit ligand binding to the NMDA glutamate receptor in rat cortical neurons. Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp AMC is also an inhibitor of voltage gated potassium channels and has been used as a research tool for studying ion channel function.

Guanylin is a human gastrointestinal hormone which can be used to activate the transmembrane receptor Guanylate Cyclase C on the intestinal epithelial cells surface. This product contains disulfide bonds between Cys4-Cys12 and Cys7-Cys15 and is available as a 0.1mg vial.

[Pyr3]-Amyloid Beta-Protein (Human, 3-42) is a fragment of the human amyloid beta protein that inhibits ion channels and ligand-activated receptors. It has been shown to be an inhibitor of ion channel activity in vitro. [Pyr3]-Amyloid Beta-Protein (Human, 3-42) is a synthetic peptide that can be used as a research tool for investigating the effects of amyloid beta protein on cell biology.

2-Deoxy-2-Phthalimido-3,4,6-Tri-O-Acetyl-α-D-Glucopyranosyl Fluoride is a glycosyl compound that is used as a fluorinating agent. It reacts with proteins to form glycosyl fluorides by the action of fluoride ion, which introduces fluorine atoms into the carbohydrate side chains of proteins. This product is specifically designed for use in peptide synthesis. 2DGTGF may be used in the preparation of peptides for use in protein sequencing and mapping techniques.

<p>VIP is a peptide that is an activator of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and phospholipase C. It also inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells, stimulates gastric acid secretion, and causes vasodilation. VIP has been shown to interact with a number of proteins including ion channels and receptors. The peptide is a ligand for the neuropeptide Y receptor (NPY-R) and is involved in the regulation of appetite, immune responses, and blood pressure. VIP can be used as a research tool for studying protein interactions or as an inhibitor in pharmacological studies.</p>

<p>Amastatin is a natural protease inhibitor that has been shown to bind to the active site of serine proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin. It also binds to other peptide substrates, such as angiotensin II, vasopressin and bradykinin. Amastatin is used in research as a tool for the study of protein interactions, receptor-ligand binding and ion channel activity. Amastatin is an activator of the high-affinity state of the beta-adrenergic receptor.</p>

<p>Ac-Val-Glu-Ile-Asp-H (aldehyde) is a synthetic peptide that is used as an inhibitor to study the effects of protein interactions. Ac-Val-Glu-Ile-Asp-H (aldehyde) binds to the active site of the enzyme, which prevents the enzyme from functioning and can be used as a research tool. Ac-Val-Glu-Ile-Asp-H (aldehyde) has been shown to activate some receptors and ligands, such as ion channels and antibodies.</p>

<p>Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 is a peptide that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome. It has been shown to inhibit enzyme preparations containing peptides and proteins, such as hydrogen bond formation, phase transition temperature, uptake, and inhibitory effect. This molecule may be used in biochemical or molecular studies of protein synthesis. The uptake of Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 can be inhibited by ouabain binding. Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 also has a ca2+ response when calcium ionophores are applied to Xenopus oocytes.</p>

<p>Orexin B, also known as hypocretin-2, is a neuropeptide that is produced by a small group of neurons in the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that plays a critical role in regulating various physiological functions, including sleep, appetite, and energy balance.<br>Orexin B plays a role in promoting wakefulness and arousal and studies have shown that disruptions in the orexin system are associated with various sleep disorders, including narcolepsy and insomnia. In addition, orexin B has been shown to be involved in the regulation of appetite and energy metabolism, and is being explored as a potential target for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Therefore, orexin B is an important neuropeptide and is an active area of research in neuroscience and medicine. This product is available as a 0.1mg vial</p>

<p>NHS-dPEG®24-Biotin is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. NHS-dPEG®24-Biotin is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix protein that plays a critical role in cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Fibronectin subunits are composed of repeating units of three types of modules: type I, type II, and type III. The active fragment of fibronectin refers to a small peptide sequence within the type III modules of fibronectin that has been shown to have potent biological activity.<br>The fibronectin active fragment, also known as the cell-binding domain or RGD domain, is a short peptide sequence consisting of the amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). This peptide sequence interacts with cell surface receptors known as integrins, which are important for mediating cell adhesion, migration, and signaling.<br>The fibronectin active fragment has been extensively studied as a research tool to investigate the mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration. It has also been used in tissue engineering applications to promote cell attachment and proliferation on synthetic biomaterials.</p>

<p>A potent vasoconstrictor, available in the hydrochloride form with disulfide bonds between Cys5-Cys10 and as a 0.5mg vial.<br>Urotensin II (UT-II) is a peptide that is found in humans and other vertebrates and is involved in biological systems such as the nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular and renal.<br>Like that of urotensin II-related peptide, urotensin II contains the hexapeptide -CYS-TYR-LYS-TRP-PHE-CYS- known as the core and this is crucial to its biological function. Urotensin II can also increase the concentration of intercellular calcium through binding to its G protein coupled receptor: urotensin-II receptor which causes the activation of Protein kinase C followed by the activation of Phospholipase C.<br>UT-II is widely distributed throughout the body, with highest concentrations found in the cardiovascular system, particularly in the heart and blood vessels. UT-II has been shown to have a wide range of physiological effects in humans, including vasoconstriction, modulation of blood pressure, and stimulation of the release of aldosterone and vasopressin. <br>In addition to its physiological effects, UT-II has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, including hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes. Inhibition of UT-II signaling has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.</p>

<p>m-dPEG®36-Amine is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®36-Amine is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Amino acids 39-68 of the Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) which is a peptide hormone that is secreted from the parathyroid gland in the event of abnormal serum calcium levels and it ultimately regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the body. The PTH exerts its activity through binding to the G-protein coupled receptor type 1 PTH receptor, which activates adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C thus activating pathways involved in the mediation of bone resorption and bone formation. This product is suitable for life science applications and is available as a 0.5mg vial.</p>

<p>Neuromedin S (Rat) is a peptide that is a potent inhibitor of protein interactions. It binds to the extracellular domain of the receptor and blocks its interaction with the ligand. This can be used as a research tool for studying the role of proteins in cell biology, pharmacology, or ion channels. Neuromedin S (Rat) is a high-purity peptide with CAS No. 843782-19-4 that has been shown to inhibit ligand binding to receptors in vitro and in vivo. Neuromedin S (Rat) also inhibits agonist-induced activation of ion channels at micromolar concentrations and blocks voltage-gated sodium currents at nanomolar concentrations. It has been used to study the role of neurexins in transmission at synapses between neurons by blocking their interaction with neuroligins.</p>

<p>This product is an antagonist of adrenomedulin which is a vasodilator peptide hormone and also plays a role in the stimulation of angiogenesis which can be seen as a negative to human health as it helps tumors to extend their blood supply.<br>This product is available as a 0.5mg vial.</p>

<p>Azido-dPEG®12-acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Azido-dPEG®12-acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

NHS-dPEG®4-Biotinidase Resistant Biotin is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. NHS-dPEG®4-Biotinidase Resistant Biotin is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

<p>m-dPEG®7-Tosylate is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®7-Tosylate is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Bis-dPEG®25-NHS Ester is a PEG polymer categorised as homobifunctional PEG (X-PEG X). Used as a linker, bis-dPEG®25-NHS Ester is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>

<p>Biotin-dPEG®11-Lipoamide is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Biotin-dPEG®11-Lipoamide is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>β-Casomorphin-7 (Bovine) is an opioid peptide that belongs to the class of casomorphins. It is a fragment of the larger ß-casomorphin molecule, which is derived from the breakdown of proline-rich proteins in cow milk. β-Casomorphin-7 has been shown to have potent bronchial and renal proximal effects in rats, as well as analgesic properties. It also inhibits aminopeptidase activity in lung explants and muscle tissues, which may be due to its ability to act on opioid receptors. β-Casomorphin-7 also has been shown to inhibit growth factor production and increase the production of factor β1 in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis. This may be due to its ability to inhibit inflammation by acting on inflammatory cells such as macrophages or neutrophils.</p>

<p>Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (Rat) is a cyclic 18-amino acid peptide that is an inhibitor of the prolactin releasing hormone. It has been shown to have a high specificity for the prolactin releasing hormone receptor and has been used as a research tool in cell biology and pharmacology. This peptide can be used to study protein interactions, which may be due to its ability to act as an activator or ligand for receptors. Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (Rat) is also able to inhibit ion channels, such as voltage-gated potassium channels and calcium channels. This peptide can also be used to generate antibodies against the prolactin releasing hormone receptor.</p>

<p>Bis-dPEG®7-PFP Ester is a PEG polymer categorised as homobifunctional PEG (X-PEG X). Used as a linker, bis-dPEG®7-PFP Ester is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>

<p>Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF) is a peptide hormone involved in the regulation of the neuroendocrine system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The hypothalamus releases CRF during stress and in turn CRF stimulates the production of stress hormones such as glucocorticoids and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). A negative feedback loop is created as glucocorticoids then prevents further endocrine activity exhibited by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Interestingly in patients with depression, it has been found that the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis is over stimulated thus increased production of CRF occurs resulting in depression symptoms. Furthermore studies have shown the expression of CRF receptors in glial cells and T-cells and elevated levels of CRF and glucocorticoids prevent T-cell proliferation. During stress cytokines can also stimulate the secretion of CRF. However CRF can also regulate these cytokines. CRF has the potential to be used in the research into depression treatments. <br>This product is available as a 0.1mg vial.</p>

<p>Nojirimycin Bisulfite is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis. It is a receptor-selective ligand that binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, thereby inhibiting receptor signaling. Nojirimycin Bisulfite has also been shown to inhibit ion channels and ligand-gated ion channels. Nojirimycin Bisulfite has been shown to bind to both peptides and antibodies, which makes it a useful research tool for studying protein interactions.</p>

<p>Margatoxin is a research tool that has been shown to activate the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. It binds to the ligand-binding site of the receptor and blocks ion channel activity. Margatoxin is a small molecule with high purity that can be used as a tool to study protein interactions and biological functions. This compound is also an inhibitor of peptide binding, which can be used in pharmacology studies.</p>

<p>A human infecting coronavirus (viral pneumonia) called 2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV was found in the fish market at the city of Wuhan, Hubei province of China on December 2019. The 2019-nCoV shares an 87% identity to the 2 bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome 2018 SARS-CoV-2 located in Zhoushan of eastern China. 2019-nCoV has an analogous receptor-BD-structure to that of 2018 SARS-CoV, even though there is a.a. diversity so thus the 2019-nCoV might bind to ACE2 receptor protein (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2)  in humans. While bats are possibly the host of 2019-nCoV, researchers suspect that animal from the ocean sold at the seafood market was an intermediate host. RSCU analysis proposes that the 2019-nCoV is a recombinant within the viral spike glycoprotein between the bat coronavirus and an unknown coronavirus. The E. coli derived recombinant protein contains the Coronavirus 2019 C-terminal region 127 a.a. from the Nucleocapsid protein and fused to GST-6xHis tag at N-terminal and having a M.W. of 39.4 kDa. It has been purified using PNTA Sepharose-Affinity Purification. The CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein solution is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl pH 8, 1M Urea, and 50% Glycerol.</p>

<p>Beta-Neo-Endorphin is an opioid peptide which binds with high affinity to μ, δ and κ-receptors and has been found to be involved in the modulation of pain, epidermal nerve fiber regulation and skin homeostasis. It is further demonstrated the ability to in human keratinocytes, stimulate wound healing. Beta-neoendorphin is derived from prodynorphin when it is proteolytically cleaved.<br>This product is available as a 0.5mg vials and is sourced from Porcine.</p>

<p>GIP is a peptide that is produced by the cells of the small intestine. GIP has been shown to be an inhibitor of insulin secretion and, in turn, may help regulate glucose levels. It also regulates growth hormone release in response to food intake. GIP acts as a ligand for the receptor known as the “gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor” which is found on pancreatic beta cells and duodenal L-cells. This protein has been shown to activate ion channels and regulate their activity. The GIP receptor is also expressed on certain types of cancer cells, including breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Antibodies have been generated against this protein for use in research tools such as Western blotting or immunohistochemistry.</p>

<p>Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-pNA is a peptide that binds to the acetylcholine receptor and activates it. This peptide has been shown to have potential as a research tool for studying the pharmacology of acetylcholine receptors in vitro. It has also been used as an inhibitor of neuronal ion channels, such as potassium channels, that are involved in the transmission of nerve impulses. Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-pNA is not suitable for use in humans because it would be broken down by proteases before it could reach its target, but this peptide has applications in cell biology and neuroscience.</p>

<p>MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

Lys-AMC is a potent and selective activator of the TRPM2 ion channel. It binds to the extracellular loop of the TRPM2 receptor, which is located in the membrane of cells. Lys-AMC activates TRPM2 by binding to its extracellular loop and opening it, allowing calcium ions to enter the cell. This leads to a change in cellular activity, such as increased production of reactive oxygen species or altered gene expression. Lys-AMC can be used for research purposes or as an inhibitor of TRPM2 channels.br>br> Lys-AMC is a high purity product with a CAS number of 92605-76-0. It has been shown to bind specifically and selectively to TRPM2 receptors without any cross reactivity with other proteins, making it an ideal tool for research purposes. Lys-AMC can be used as an antibody or cell biology reagent that can inhibit TRPM2 channels.br>br>

<p>Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), also known as Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH), stimulates the pituitary gland’s production and secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. LHRH is a decapeptide and is itself secreted by the hypothalamus. It is crucial for human reproduction and is heavily involved in the regulation of ovulation, sexual development and the onset of puberty.<br>When secreted, GNRH binds to the G-protein coupled receptor, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) located on pituitary gonadotrophic cells in the anterior pituitary.<br>Medically, the understanding of GnRH is paramount, due to its involvement in the pathogensis of central hypogonadism. Any obstructions to its function in the reproductive system can result in the development of human pathologically conditions. It is important to note that analogs of GnRH can be used in pharmacology, in the treatment of gynaecological diseases, through blocking the secretion of estrogen secretion from the ovary. Additional GNRH analogs can be used to treat ovarian cancer, hormone-dependent cancers, endometriosis and modality in infertility. Therefore this product is a useful research tool.</p>

<p>Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-H (aldehyde) is a peptide fragment of the human calcitonin gene. It is a research tool used in immunology and cell biology. Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-H (aldehyde) binds to different types of ion channels, including ligand gated ion channels, voltage gated ion channels, and receptor activated ion channels. Ac-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-H (aldehyde) can also bind to membrane receptors such as the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and the alpha adrenergic receptor. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that activates the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which leads to an increase in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Alpha adrenergic receptors are located on the surface of blood vessels and activate vasoconstriction by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase activity.</p>

<p>Amino-dPEG®36-t-Butyl Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Amino-dPEG®36-t-Butyl Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is a labile peptide that has been shown to be homologous to the human Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is activated by trypsin and trypsin-like proteases, but inactivated by hemolytic activity and conformation. Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is an enzyme substrate for peptidases such as trypsin and trypsin like proteases. It has been shown to be a molecule that interacts with various proteins, including hemoglobin.</p>

<p>Ac-Phe-OEt is a covalently conjugated bifunctional peptide that has been synthesized by linking the amino acid phenylalanine to the amino acid ethyl ester of oleic acid. Ac-Phe-OEt exhibits a high affinity for bacterial serine proteases (Km=0.1 μM) and lysine residues (Ki=4 μM). This peptide also binds to immobilized cytochalasin, which prevents the formation of amyloid fibrils. Ac-Phe-OEt can be used in enzyme catalysis as an inhibitor or competitive inhibitor, as well as being immobilized on surfaces. The kinetic data suggests that Ac-Phe-OEt competes with lysine residues for binding to bacterial serine proteases and inhibits their activity.</p>

<p>MOCA-Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Val-Glu-Nva-Trp-Arg-Lys(Dnp)-NH2 is a synthetic peptide that interacts with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and is a potent agonist. MOCA was found to be a potent activator of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, as well as an inhibitor of ligand binding. The affinity for binding to the receptor was found to be high, with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.06 μM. It has been shown to inhibit ion channels and ligand binding in cell biology experiments. MOCA can also be used as a research tool for studying protein interactions and receptors.</p>

<p>SPDP-dPEG®12-NHS Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. SPDP-dPEG®12-NHS Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Azido-dPEG®4-acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Azido-dPEG®4-acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Boc-Gln-Arg-Arg-AMC is a Research Tool that is used to study the interactions of protein ligands with receptor and ion channels. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of ion channels, such as calcium and potassium channels.</p>

<p>Bradykinin-Potentiator C is a peptide that can act as an activator or inhibitor of ion channels. It has been used in research for pharmacology, protein interactions, cell biology, and antibody production. Bradykinin-Potentiator C is purified from rabbit lung and has a CAS number of 30953-20-9.</p>

<p>The virus replication-inhibiting peptide is a fatty acid that inhibits the replication of viruses. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of the bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other bacteria, which causes infectious diseases. The peptide also has a diagnostic use for detecting viral infections in cells. The peptide was found to up-regulate genes in response to infection by pandemic influenza, which may be due to its ability to bind receptors on cells and also interfere with inflammatory responses. The virus replication-inhibiting peptide has been shown to be effective against influenza virus and other viruses, as well as against chronic inflammatory diseases such as lung damage caused by β-amino acids.</p>

<p>Bis-MAL-dPEG®11 is a PEG polymer categorised as homobifunctional PEG (X-PEG X). Used as a linker, bis-MAL-dPEG®11 is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>

<p>Boc-Gln-Pro is a peptide that can be used as a substrate for peptidoglutaminase.</p>

<p>Growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) or GHRH (growth hormone-releasing hormone).Binds to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R), causing growth hormone secretion.porcine: H-YADAIFTNSYRKVLGQLSARKLLQDIMSRQQGERNQEQGARVRL-NH2bovine:  H-YADAIFTNSYRKVLGQLSARKLLQDIMNRQQGERNQEQGAKVRL-NH2ovine:    H-YADAIFTNSYRKILGQLSARKLLQDIMNRQQGERNQEQGAKVRL-NH2human:  H-YADAIFTNSYRKVLGQLSARKLLQDIMSRQQGESNQERGARARL-NH2</p>

Fmoc-Ser[Ac4Galß(1- >3)Ac2GalNAcα(1- >O)]-OH is a peptide that belongs to the group of carbohydrate derivatives. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi by inhibiting protein synthesis. The amino acid sequence is Ser-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ala-Ser, which has a high affinity for bacterial cell walls. Fmoc-Ser[Ac4Galß(1- >3)Ac2GalNAcα(1- >O)]-OH binds to bacterial cell walls by competitive inhibition of the enzyme D, L aminopimelate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19). This binding prevents the formation of an antibiotic inhibitor complex with the enzyme that is required for cell wall biosynthesis, inhibiting protein synthesis and cell division.

<p>CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide that is found in humans and is widely distributed in the nervous system, particularly in sensory neurons, and is involved in the regulation of vascular tone, blood flow, pain perception, and inflammation. It is a potent vasodilator and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several vascular disorders, including migraine headaches, cluster headaches, and hypertension.<br>In addition to its vascular effects, human CGRP also has neuroprotective properties and has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.<br>Human CGRP has been extensively studied as a research tool to investigate its physiological and pathological roles in various tissues and diseases. It has also been targeted by pharmacological agents, such as CGRP antagonists and antibodies, for the treatment of migraine headaches and other conditions associated with CGRP dysfunction.<br>This product is available as a 0.5mg vial.</p>

<p>MAL-dPEG®4-(m-dPEG®12)3 is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®4-(m-dPEG®12)3 is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Tuftsin is a cyclic peptide that has been shown to have various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity. Tuftsin has been shown to inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 by T cells in vitro. Tuftsin also inhibits the activation of toll-like receptors (TLR) and may have a role in inhibiting mycobacterial infection. This drug was found to be well tolerated in humans with congestive heart failure, and is currently being evaluated for its potential use as an adjunct therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. It has also been shown to be effective against opportunistic fungal infections, such as Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Tuftsin can be measured using analytical methods such as titration calorimetry or polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p>

<p>Fmoc-N-Amido-dPEG®6-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Fmoc-N-Amido-dPEG®6-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>[Tyr34]-Parathyroid Hormone (Bovine, 7-34 amide) is a product sourced from bovine, is available as a 0.5mg vial and is related to the peptide hormone Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). During abnormal serum calcium levels PTH is secreted from the parathyroid gland, thus regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the body. PTH binds to its PTH receptor which is a G-protein coupled receptor that activated adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C to activate pathways involved in the mediation of bone resorption and bone formation.</p>

<p>Leu-Gly-Gly is a cyclic peptide that binds to fibrinogen and forms stable complexes with the enzyme form of human serum albumin. It is used as a model system for studying the structure of proteins, and has been shown to bind calcium ions. Leu-Gly-Gly is also an amide and can form stable complexes with basic proteins such as fibrinogen. This peptide also has significant cytotoxicity against polymorphonuclear leucocytes, which may be due to its ability to inhibit polymerase chain activity.</p>

<p>Azido-dPEG®12-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Azido-dPEG®12-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Urocortin is a peptide that is also known as corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). It is an inhibitor of the protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2A, which are enzymes that regulate the activity of other proteins. Urocortin also has the ability to bind to receptors for glucocorticoid hormones, such as GRP and MR, in a manner that activates them. This peptide is used in research studies to study ion channels, neuronal excitability, and other aspects of cell biology. Urocortin has been shown to be a high purity reagent with no detectable impurities.</p>

<p>ACTH (1-24) is a peptide hormone and neurotransmitter that belongs to the corticotropin-releasing factor family. It is also known as corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, or CRH. ACTH binds to the ACTH receptor, which activates protein kinase A and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). Activation of these proteins leads to an increase in the production of cortisol. ACTH can be used as a research tool for studying ion channels and ligands. It can also be used as an antibody in cell biology research.</p>

<p>m-dPEG®4-Thiol is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®4-Thiol is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Lipoamido-dPEG®12-Acid is a PEG molecule conjugated with a lipid moiety. Lipoamido-dPEG®12-Acid, conjugated to this lipid constituent, is very important especially in drug delivery and vaccine development as it helps improve the stability and circulation time of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and liposomes.</p>

<p>Azido-dPEG®35-Amine is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Azido-dPEG®35-Amine is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Lipoamido-dPEG®24-Acid is a PEG molecule conjugated with a lipid moiety. Lipoamido-dPEG®24-Acid, conjugated to this lipid constituent, is very important especially in drug delivery and vaccine development as it helps improve the stability and circulation time of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and liposomes.</p>

<p>Amino-dPEG®12-t-Butyl Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Amino-dPEG®12-t-Butyl Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Propargyl-dPEG®1-NHS Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Propargyl-dPEG®1-NHS Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>This product which is available as a 0.1mg vial is amino acids 1-34 of the 84 amino acid parathyroid hormone (PTH) and can be used as an adenylate cyclase and bone growth stimulating peptide. It is also an effective anabolic agent used in the treatment of some forms of Osteoporosis.<br>PTH is a peptide hormone that is secreted from the parathyroid gland in the event of abnormal serum calcium levels and it ultimately regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the body. The PTH exerts its activity through binding to the G-protein coupled receptor type 1 PTH receptor, which activates adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C thus activating pathways involved in the mediation of bone resorption and bone formation. This product is suitable for life science applications.</p>

<p>dPEG®24-Biotin Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. dPEG®24-Biotin Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride is a glycosyl fluoride that inhibits the enzyme glucosidase. This compound has been shown to inhibit peptide degradation and is used in studies of proteolytic enzymes. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride has also been used as an inhibitor of carbohydrate metabolism and in the synthesis of glycoproteins.

<p>Bz-Gly-Gly-Gly is a prodrug that is metabolized by enzymatic hydrolysis to its active form, hippurylglycylglycine. The prodrug has been shown to have minimal toxicity in mice and humans, and it binds to the target enzyme of infectious diseases (e.g., HIV) with high affinity. Bz-Gly-Gly-Gly has been shown to be effective in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) and mouse tumor models, as well as in vivo against mouse leukemia cells. The drug has also been shown to be safe at physiological levels in mice.</p>

D-Arginyl-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8]-Bradykinin is a synthetic peptide that is used as a research tool. It has been shown to activate ion channels and receptor proteins in studies on cell biology and pharmacology. This peptide also inhibits the binding of ligands to their receptors, which may be due to its structural similarity with other peptides that bind to the same receptor. D-Arginyl-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8]-Bradykinin is an inhibitor of protein interactions.

<p>m-dPEG®2-NHS Ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®2-NHS Ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>

<p>Hydroxy-dPEG®24-t-Butyl Ester is a PEG polymer categorised as monofunctional (OH-PEG-X). Used as a linker, hydroxy-dPEG®24-t-Butyl Ester is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.</p>