Peptides

Amphipathic peptide consisting of a hydrophobic motif MPG derived from HIV gp41 and a hydrophilic NLS of SV40 large T antigen. The NLS has a lysine mutated to serine which prevents nuclear translocation.

Histone 3 (H3) is one of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) fundamental in compacting eukaryotic DNA into the nucleosome. Similar to the other core histone, H3 has a globular domain and a flexible N-terminal domain, 'histone tail' which can undergo modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination. The transcriptional activation or silencing of the chromatin is controlled by ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling factors and histone modifying enzymes which target histone proteins. Both processes function to alter the positioning of the nucleosome, allowing the DNA it to be either available or inaccessible to the transcription machinery.The lysine at position 4 of this peptide has been tri-methylated and it is implicated in studies that this modification may remodel the chromatin so that it is more accessible to transcription factors, which may ultimately increase the level of gene expression. Moreover, the threonine at position 3 has been phosphorylated. It is implicated in recent studies that H3T3 phosphorylation regulates chromosome cohesion and is necessary for chromosomes to be able to align on the metaphase plate.The this peptide is labelled with 5-Carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM), a widely used green fluorescent tag.

Portion of EBV EBNA3A

Cyclic DAG peptide targets connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), present in the extracellular matrix, endothelial cells and overexpressed in several brain diseases. CTGF is a matricellular protein that acts as a regulator of several cellular functions, including cell adhesion, migration, mitogenesis, differentiation, and survival. CTGF is up regulated in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain injury, glioblastoma, and cerebral infarction.DAG peptide has been shown to home to the brain in mouse models of glioblastoma, traumatic brain injury, and Parkinson's disease when exogenously delivered, making it an attractive target for the treatment of glioblastoma. DAG may be of use as a tool to enhance delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents to sites of brain diseases.

SARS-CoV-2 NSP7 is part of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase heterotetramer for mediating coronavirus RNA synthesis. NSP7 and NSP8 form a channel to confer processivity on RNA polymerase. NSP7 aids in stabilising NSP12 regions involved in RNA binding and is essential for a highly active NSP12 polymerase complex. These factors make NSP7 a good target for developing new antiviral drugs. In addition, the identification of epitopes within the NSP7 sequence can help design more effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Models have predicted epitopes exhibiting antigenicity, stability and interactions with MHC class-I and class-II molecules. NSP7 (26-40) is an epitope candidate with various HLA restrictions. This epitope can be used to better vaccine design for more durable CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses for long-lasting immunity.

Neuropeptide involved in the regulation of numerous physiological functions. The Galanin agonist with a very high affinity for the hippocampal galanin receptor.

Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide hormone mainly produced in the stomach as precursor preproghrelin. Cleavage of preproghrelin followed by modification leads to the formation of ghrelin with the addition of a fatty acid to its serine 3 residue- ghrelin is capable of activating the growth hormone release receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin is involved in appetite stimulation and growth hormone release.Most circulating ghrelin is in the non-acylated form (des-octanoyl) ghrelin. (Des-octanoyl)-ghrelin has some distinct functions from ghrelin, the lack of acylation prevents binding to the ghrelin receptor and growth hormone release. However, (des-octanoyl) ghrelin has negative inotropic effects on papillary muscle and cardioprotective function. There is evidence (des-octanoyl) ghrelin inhibits proliferation of certain cancer cell lines, while promoting adipogenesis has been observed in other experiments in vivo.

β-Amyloid 1-13 (Aβ1-13) is one of many short Aβ species found in vivo and is formed by the cleavage of amyloid β precursor protein by β- and α-secretase. Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) has been identified as the key subunit of the extracellular plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and Down syndrome (DS). Aβ has therefore been extensively studied as a potential target for treatment of AD.Aβ is formed from the cleavage of the large, transmembrane protein- APP (amyloid precursor protein). Cleavage of APP by β- and then α-secretases results in the formation of Aβ. Aβ can aggregate to produce amyloid-β oligomers, which are thought to be highly neurotoxic. Over time Aβ can further aggregate to produce the characteristic senile plaques present in AD and DS. Aβ can be degraded by enzymes such as neprilysin, insulin degrading enzyme or endothelin converting enzyme. At physiological levels Aβ may be involved in controlling synaptic activity and neuronal survival. Biotin is C-terminally linked to the peptide via ethylenediamine for convenient detection and purification. Alternative β-Amyloid fragments and labels are also available, please refer to our peptide catalogue for availability.

Ova (323-339) is an epitope of interest from egg white albumen, which is widely used in allergy research. Ovalbumin is a glycoprotein that is sufficiently large and complex to be mildly immunogenic. It has been demonstrated that ovalbumin contains B-cell epitopes which are recognized by specific IgE antibodies, and CD4 T cell epitopes restricted by the MHC I-Ad molecule in mice and by HLA-D molecule in human.OVA (323-339) can be used to study binding of class II MHC-peptide and T-cell activation in PBMCs by ELISPOT assays. This method quantifies peptide-epitope specificity and IFN-γ releasing effector cells. It has been shown that OVA (323-339) was responsible for 25-35% of T-cell response of isolated BALB/c mouse. An investigation has demonstrated that OVA and OVA (323-339) induced similar lung inflammation and a Th2-like dominant immune response in mouse model.