Peptides

Mammalian bombesin-like neuropeptide first isolated from pig spinal cord, which can stimulate rat uterine smooth muscle contraction and gastrin and somatostatin secretion in vitro. Increases blood pressure and pancreatic exocrine secretion in dogs.

Peptide substrate of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family known as ErbBs or HER receptors. These receptors are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and migration. When these receptors are dysregulated many diseases, including cancer, can arise.Binding to the ligand binding domain of the EGFR causes receptor dimerization. This is sequentially followed by the tyrosine kinase domain being activated and the tyrosine residues on the C-terminal tail of the receptor becoming phosphorylated, activating downstream signalling pathways.This peptide contains an N-terminal 5-Carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) moiety, a widely used green fluorescent tag.

[Pyr1]-Apelin-13 acts as a ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ) G protein-coupled receptor and is a substrate for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Apelin is a member of the adipokine hormone family from adipose tissue. Adipokines are involved in processes such as vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis.Apelin and the apelin receptor are widely distributed throughout the body. Apelin is associated with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes and cancer. Apelin is expressed in the spinal cord and the human brain. Immunohistochemistry shows that apelin-17 is significantly expressed in the human heart, brain, lungs and endothelial cells. Studies show myocardial infarction apelin mRNA expression is greater during human heart failure than in healthy tissue. Apelin protects against heart failure due to the pyroglutamic form of apelin, [Pyr1]-Apelin-13, which decreases infarct size of myocardial infarctions. Furthermore, rats with hypertension have reduced levels of apelin and APJ. [Pyr1]-Apelin-13 exhibits higher APJ agonist potency than Apelin-13. We also have the alternative available.

The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 13 (NSP13) has been identified as a target for anti-viral therapeutics due to its highly conserved sequence and is essential for viral replication.  NSP13 is part of the helicase superfamily 1B. As an NTPase and RNA helicase, NSP13 binds to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and acts in concert with the replication-transcription complex to stimulate backtracking and further activate NSP13 helicase activity. These factors make NSP13 a good target for developing new antiviral drugs. In addition, the identification of epitopes within the NSP13 sequence can help design more effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Models have predicted epitopes exhibiting antigenicity, stability and interactions with MHC class-I and class-II molecules. NSP13 (226-240) is an epitope candidate with various HLA restrictions. This epitope can be used to better vaccine design for more durable CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses for long-lasting immunity.

The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 13 (NSP13) has been identified as a target for anti-viral therapeutics due to its highly conserved sequence and is essential for viral replication.  NSP13 is part of the helicase superfamily 1B. As an NTPase and RNA helicase, NSP13 binds to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and acts in concert with the replication-transcription complex to stimulate backtracking and further activate NSP13 helicase activity. These factors make NSP13 a good target for developing new antiviral drugs. In addition, the identification of epitopes within the NSP13 sequence can help design more effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Models have predicted epitopes exhibiting antigenicity, stability and interactions with MHC class-I and class-II molecules. NSP13 (551-565) is an epitope candidate with various HLA restrictions. This epitope can be used to better vaccine design for more durable CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses for long-lasting immunity.

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is a melanocortin family neuropeptide which plays important roles in metabolic and immune homeostasis. It is formed from the cleavage of adrenocorticotropic hormone, the cleavage product of proopiomelanocortin hormone. alpha-MSH is expressed ubiquitously to varying degrees in a wide variety of cells including the hypothalamus, monocytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells. alpha-MSH is a non-selective agonist of melanocortin receptors.alpha-MSH is a suppresser of inflammation from both innate and adaptive immune pathways, it is involved in hair and skin pigmentation (through MC1 receptor activation), has reproductive functions, cardio protective functions and regulates food intake and energy metabolism. The N-terminal of the peptide is protected by an acetyl group.

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a widely used biomarker of various differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC)- Tg is a substrate for thyroid hormone production. Detection and quantification of serum thyroglobulin levels remain challenging due to Tg's size, heterogeneity, and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb). Immunoassays offer the opportunity to tailor DTC treatments, but many patients are TgAb positive, excluding them from analysis during regression.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can overcome immunoassay issues by digestion of Tg to a tryptic peptide removing the interference from TgAbs. The addition of a doubly charged peptide precursor ion, FSP peptide, allows easy detection of Tg-FSP by an anti-FSP antibody that is reliable and quantifiable.

Peptide 2Adamantyl-RF-NH2 is a Research Peptide with significant interest within the field academic and medical research. This peptide is available for purchase at Cymit Quimica in multiple sizes and with a specification of your choice.

CD8+ T-cell (cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)) responses are important in the control of viral replication. Inducing a sustained HIV-1 specific CD8+ T-cell response is the target for vaccine development by using conserved HIV-1 epitopes. The HIV gag gene encodes p17 and p24. P17 Gag is a matrix protein that is vital to HIV life cycle, use of p17 Gag epitopes is a possibility for HIV therapies. P17 Gag targets viral RNA to the nucleus and Gag polyproteins to the cell membrane- p17 Gag accumulates in the extracellular space of tissue while interacting with receptors on various cell types to deregulate cell function.CTL recognition epitope of p17 Gag is identified as residues 77-85 to activate the immune response. Within Gag p17 is the conserved/persistently recognised epitope KIRLRPGGK (amino acids 18-26). This sequence has been used as an effective epitope in immunological assays to assess CTL response work has also shown patients targeting conserved or variable Gag epitopes including Gag p17 (18-26) effects the strength of CD8+ T-cell response and disease progression.

Tet-20, is a synthetic cathelicidin-derived peptide. It was tested as infection-resistant coating for medical devices. When tethered on an implant surface Tet-20 exhibited broad antimicrobial activities both in vivo and in vitro. It can stop biofilm formation and appears to be non-toxic to eukaryotic cell. Tet-20 antimicrobial peptide is often sued as a control peptide and has antifouling.

Substrate peptide for histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes for use in assaying HDAC activity. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes which are highly evolutionary conserved across all eukaryotes. HDACs modify histones by removing acetyl groups from the tail regions. Histone deacetylation is generally associated with reduced gene expression due to a more compact chromatin state less accessibility for transcription factors (TFs). HDACs are essential for many physiological processes including development and cellular homeostasis. They also play an important role in disease states, including neurodegenerative disorders, genetic diseases and cancers.This peptide is the fluorogenic substrate for assaying histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in a two-step enzymatic reaction. The assay consists of the initial lysine deacetylation by HDAC followed by the release of the fluorescent group by trypsin. Fluorescence can be detected upon fluorophore release.

PLP(178-191) corresponds to amino acids 178 to 191 of the mouse ProteoLipid Protein (PLP).

FLAG tag with a GGC linker (Cy3B)

[Cy3B]-LifeAct (Abp140 1-17) contains the 17amino acid peptide Lifeact derived from amino acids 1-17 of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin binding protein, Abp140. These first 17 amino acids of Abp140 are crucial in allowing Lifeact to localise to actin filaments (F-actin) and therefore it can be used as a cytoskeletal marker. On application, lifeact can be used in the study of plant development and pathogen defence as filamentous actin within the plant actin cytoskeleton is important in key processes such as cell division, membrane trafficking and stomatal movements.The addition of the Cy-Dye fluorophore, Cy3B allows the location of the LifeAct (Abp140 1-17) to be detected. Cy3B is described as being conformationally locked meaning it is less likely to undergo photo-isomerization and one of its main applications is within DNA related studies.

CMV pp65 (415-429) (HLA-B7) is a CEF (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and influenza virus) control peptide that is derived from the Cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV is capable of infecting a wide range of human cell types, where the body's primary immune response to CMV is innate, and relies on inflammatory cytokines and costimulatory molecules in order to control the spread of the virus. CMV pp65 (415-429) (HLA-B7) is defined as a CEF control peptide due to its antigenic properties. Clinically, these peptides are suitable epitopes for CD8+ T cells and can be used to stimulate the release of IFNg. HLA-B7 refers to the cell HLA type that this peptide acts on.

Temporin L is a highly potent anti-microbial peptide (AMP) active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Temporins are a large family of short, linear, AMPs produced in the skin of frogs belonging to Rana species, but are also found in wasp venom. Temporin L was originally isolated from the frog Rana temporaria and has the highest anti-microbial potency among tested temporins, especially against Gram-negative bacteria.Temporin L increases bacterial inner membrane permeability in a dose-dependent manner without destroying cell integrity. At low peptide concentrations, the inner membrane becomes permeable to small molecules but this does not kill the bacteria. At high concentrations, larger molecules, but not DNA, leak out, resulting in cell death. Temporin L has a different mode of action to many AMPs as it does not lyse the cells but instead forms ghost-like bacteria shells.

Vasculotide