Standard farmaceutici

Impurity Ezetimibe Tetrahydropyran Impurity
Applications Ezetimibe (E975000) tetrahydropyran impurity.

Impurity Amlodipine EP Impurity H
Applications Amlodipine Besilate (A633500) impurity. Used in the process for preparing Amlodipine benzenesulfonate. Amlodipine EP Impurity H

Applications 3-Ethyl 3,5-Didemethyl Memantine is an impurity of Memantine (HCl salt, M218000) which is used as an antiparkinsonian and antispasmodic.
References Rohde, H., et al.: Fortschr. Med., 100, 2023 (1982), Kornhuber, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 166, 589 (1989), Gortelmeyer, R. and Erbler, H.: Arzneimittel-Forsch., 42, 904 (1992)

Applications A metabolite of methylmalonic acid and propionic acid in children with methylmalonic acid and propionic acid metabolic disorders.
References Duran, M., et al.: Clin. Chimica Acta, 82, 93 (1978), Thompson, G.N., et al.: Pediatric Res., 27, 413 (1990),

Impurity Irinotecan USP Related Compound E
Applications An anticancer drug, showed strong activity against various murine tumors. A Camptothecin (CPT) derivative as antineoplastic agent against drug-resistant tumors. Irinotecan USP Related Compound E.
References Brangi, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 59 5938 (1999), Miyake, K., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 8 (1999) , Bom, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 3970 (2000) , Gamcsik, M., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 1, 11 (2001).

Impurity Atorvastatin Pyrrolidone Analog (USP)
Stability Light Sensitive
Applications A photodegradation product of Atorvastatin (a cyclic impurity of Atorvastatin). Atorvastatin Pyrrolidone Analog (USP).
References Roger, D., et al.: Clin. Exp. Dermatol., 19, 88 (1994), Cosa, G., et al.: Photochem. Photobiol., 80, 159 (2004), Kerwin, B., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 96, 1468 (2007),

Applications Dimefline is a new respiratory stimulant drug.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Edwards, J.M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 42, 85 (1979), Setnikar, I., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 11 1109 (1961),

Impurity Rosuvastatin EP Impurity G
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications ent-Rosuvastatin is an enantiomer of Rosuvastatin (R700500), an impurity which acts as a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (1). Antilipemic (2,3).
References 1. Watanabe, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1997 Feb;5(2):437-44.2. Lee, E. et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2005 Oct;78(4):330-41.3. Ferdinand, C. et al.: Am. J. Cardiol. 2006 Jan 15;97(2):229-35.

Applications Sodium azide is commonly used as a preservative in aqueous laboratory reagents and biological samples. Sodium azide’s toxicity can be attributed to its role as a reversible inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration and insulin secretion in human pancreatic cells. Acts as a catalyst for: Oxidative decarboxylation & Michael addition reactions.Used as a reagent for synthesis of Blue fluorescent copolymers; Metal phosphonates & Arenes via aminations. Actively involved in regioselective synthesis of prianosin B.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Chang, S. & Lamm, S.: Int. J. Toxicol., 22, 175 (2003); Misler, S., et al.: Pflügers Archiv., 421, 289 (1992)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Phosphoric Acid Tris(4-​methylphenyl) Ester is a human urinary organophosphate flame retardant metabolite.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schindler, B., et al.: J. Chromat. B, 877, 375 (2009)

Applications A protected caffeine metabolite with high antioxidant activity. It is a very sensitive biomarker for the consumption of relatively small amount of coffee.
References Buchanan, C., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 71, 459 (1996), Andreasen, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 5679 (2001), Poquet, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 36, 190 (2008),

Applications 5-Hydroxycytosine, is been identified as an anomalous base of phage H-17 DNA. It is also a monosubstituted cytosine, as nucleotide-base antimetabolite-type potential anticarcinogen.
References Khromov, I. S. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 240, 1486 (1978); Ladik, J., et al.: Magyar Kemiai Folyoirat, 76, 589 (1970);

Applications L-Methionine-13C5 is the isotope labelled analog of L-Methionine, which is an essential aminoacid for human development. Hepatoprotectant; antidote (acetominophen poisoning); urinary acidifier.
References Benevenga, N.J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 22, 2 (1974), Fleisher, L.D., et al.: Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 3, 37 (1974), Meinnel, T., et al.: Biochimie, 75, 1061 (1993),

Applications m-Hydroxyhippuric Acid-13C2, 15N is labelled m-Hydroxyhippuric Acid (H943125) which is a metabolite of caffeic and chlorogenic acids in human.
References Booth, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 229, 51 (1957); Gonthier, M., et al.: Biomed. Pharmacother., 60, 536 (2006)

Applications Testosterone Cypionate is an anabolic steroid with androgenic properties. Testosterone Cypionate is used for testosterone therapy in males with hypogonadism.Controlled Substance.
References Rabkin, J. G., et al.: J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 19, 19 (1999); Hajjar, R., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 3793 (1997); Rhoden, E., et al.: J. Sex Med., 7, 277 (2010);

Applications A serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. Used as potential controls in various biological studies.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wong, D.F., et al.: Science, 226, 1393 (1984), Blin, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 147, 73 (1988), Kehne, J.H., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 277, 968 (1996),

Applications 2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine is a starting material for the preparation of novel herbicide fluazifop-butyi. 2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine is a mutagenic compound.
References Lu, Y., et al.: Shijie Nongyao, 31, 32 (2009); Dearfield, K. L., et al.: Mutat. Res. Lett., 301, 57 (1993)

Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative. Intermediate in the preparation of Epostane (E588850).

Applications (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-Menthol β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of L-(-)-Menthol (M218875), the natural form of Methanol.
References Eccles, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 46, 618 (1994), Feng, S., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 173, 101 (2007), Dempsey, D., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 76, 64 (2004),

Applications A metabolite of Mycophenolic acid (phase 1 metabolite).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Nowak, I., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 19, 358 (1997), Bullingham, R., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 34, 429 (1998), Van Gelder, T., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 23, 119 (2001), Wen, X., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 631 (2002), Shipkova, M., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 25, 1,(2003),

Applications 2,3-dihydroxynaphthoquinone (cas# 605-37-8) is a useful research chemical.

Applications N2-(1-Ethylpropyl)-4,5-dimethyl-3-nitro-1,2-benzenediamine is a metabolite of Pendimethalin (P221900), an herbicide used to control the spread of weedgrass.
References Haith, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 6496 (2010); Jabran, K., et al.: Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12, 335 (2010); Rahaman, S., et al.: Environ. Ecol., 28, 1 (2010); Smith, R.H., et al.: Chemosphere, 8, 855-61 (1979);

Applications (S)-2-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylaziridine-1-sulfonamide is a reagent for the synthesis of N-alkylsulfamic acid derivatives. It also has utility for preparing pharmaceutical peptide analog agents.
References Sherman, E. S., et al. Science of Synthesis 40b, 1285 (2008); Polniaszek, R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2010115000 A2 20101007 (2010)

Applications A labelled form of Hexythiazox (H298500), which is a mite growth regulator and a thiazolidine based acaricide that has long-lasting effects against many kinds of mites and is applied at any stage of the plant growth from budding to fruiting. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).
References Martini,X., et al.: Pest. Manage. Sci., 68, 1471 (2012); Gilbert-Lopez, B., et al.: Food. Control., 26, 341 (2012);

Applications 2-Hydroxypropoxy-Propoxycarbazone is a hydroxylated metabolite of Propoxycarbazone (P831308).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Vargas-Pere, M., et al.; Food Chemistry., 274, 429-433 (2019)

Applications 2,3,5-Trichloropyridin-4-amine (cas# 28443-69-8) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 3-Cysteinylacetaminophen-D5 (major), Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt is deuterium labeled 3-Cysteinylacetaminophen Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (C994750), which is a metabolite of Acetaminophen (A161220), an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1,2,3).Minimum isotopic incorporation d-3, no d-0 present. A representative lot has 64% isotopic incorporation at the 6-position, 89% at the 4-position.
References (1) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)(2) Fairbrother, J.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 1 (1974) (3) Hinson, J.A., et al.: Rev. Biochem. Toxicol., 2, 103 (1980)

Stability Temperature sensitive
Applications O4-Desacetyl Vinblastinic Acid is an impurity of Vinblastine Sulfate (V314000), an Antitumor alkaloid isolated from periwinkle, Vinca rosea Linn., Apocynaceae; inhibits microtubule assembly. An antineoplastic.
References Lu, C., et al.: Cancer Research, 39, 3575 (1979), Gobbi, P.G., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 14, 527 (1996), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 21, 611 (1992),

Applications 1-(1-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (cas# 1432680-68-6) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 3,3’,5’-Triiodo-L-thyronine O-β-D-Glucuronide is the O-glucuronide derivative of 3,3’,5’-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T795350); a compound that is of interest for the early detection and treatment of congenital or drug-induced hypothyroidism in the developing human fetus.
References Block, P.: J. Med. Chem., 19(8), 1067-1069 (1976); Shiba, T., & Cahmann, H.J.: J.O.C., 29, 1652-1653 (1964)

Applications A thiol reactive fluorescent probe for the labelling of proteins. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in various aspects of fluorescence microscopy because of their brightness and resistance to photobleaching. They are valuable in studies directed at probing changes in orientation and mobility of proteins using fluorescence anisotropy measurements. It is a mixture of the 6-Iodo and 6-chloro.
References Corrie, J.E.T., and Craik, J.S.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 2967 (1994)

Applications N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an analogue of L-tyrosine which stimulate the transport of L-Tyr, mainly by the ASC system.
References Jara, J. et al.: Melanoma Res., 1, 15 (1991),

Applications Methyl-(4-nitrophenylethyl)-(4-nitrophenoxyethyl)amine (cas# 115287-37-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications 7-Keto Dehydro Epiandrosterone is a metabolite of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (D229585).
References Majewska, M., et al.: Brain Res., 526, 143 (1990), Charlton, M., et al.: J. Neurochem., 68, 121 (1997), Koob, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 1515 (2004);

Applications Androgen. It has been used as an androgenic agent. Controlled substance (anabolic steroid).
References Bichet, N., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 106, 509 (1990), Gustafson, D., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 53, 245 (2000), Copple, B., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 77, 172 (2004), Takashima, K., et al.: Life Sci., 78, 2787 (2006),

Applications Tirofiban intermediate.

Applications α-Citral is an intermediate in the synthesis of 4,8-Dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene (D475810), which is a volatile compound released by corn plants in response to predation.
References Alborn, H,T,. et al.: Science, 276, 945 (1997)

Applications Dimethyl L-Aspartate Hydrochloride was used in the synthesis of enzyme and pH dual responsive L-amino acid based biodegradable polymer nanocarrier that can be used for multidrug delivery to cancer cells.
References Saxena, S., et al.: J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 54, 3279 (2016);

Applications A deuterated metabolite of the potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 replication, AZT.This compounds contains Sodium Chloride. Water content not determined.

Applications trans-2,cis-6-Nonadienal-D5 is a labelled analogue of trans-2,cis-6-Nonadienal (N649365). trans-2,cis-6-Nonadienal is an unsaturated aldehyde that is responsible for the cucumber smell of Synura petersenii, a freshwater colonial flagellate. trans-2,cis-6-Nonadienal is also a common natural and drinking water contaminant.
References Berra, T., et al.: Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 111, 78 (1982); Kynclova, A., et al.: Nova Hedw. Bei., 136, 283 (2010); Ömür-Özbek, P. & Dietrich, A.: Environ. Sci. Tech., 39, 3957 (2005)

Applications 4-Hydroxy-2-oxovaleric acid potassium salt is converted from pyrocatechol metabolism by Pseudomonas.
References Dagley, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 239, PC1284 (1964);

Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity I
Applications 14,15-Dehydro Fluocinolone Acetonide is an impurity of Fluocinolone Acetonide (F455800); a glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory agent.
References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964); Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007)

Applications A metabolite of Androstenedione (A637550).
References Gazdar, A., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 5488 (1990), Levesque, J., et al.: Steroids, 70, 305 (2005), Lootens, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 37, 2367 (2009),

Applications Glutaurine Sodium Salt is the salt of Glutaurine (G597350) which has been observed to display antiepileptic effects with anti-amnesia properties. Mimics anxiolytic drug Diazepam (D416855).
References Bittner, S. et al.: Amino Acids., 28, 343 (2005); Uemura, S. et al.: Brain. res., 594, 347 (1992);

Applications 2,2'-Dinitrodibenzyl is an intermediate in the synthesis of Carbamazepine (C175840), an antiepileptic drug that is used to treat patients with trigeminal neuralgia and psychiatric disorders (such as depression and bipolar disorder).
References Greil, W.,et al.: J. Affect. Disord., 43, 151 (1997); Lerer, B., et al.: Spina, E., et al: Clin. Pharm., 31, 198 (1996)

Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative.
References McFarland, K., et al.: Science, 245, 494 (1989), Heckert, L., et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 12, 1499 (1998), Themmen, A., et al.: Endocr. Rev. 21, 551 (2000), Kumar, R., et al.: Biol. Reprod., 65, 710 (2001),

Applications Benzyldecyldimethylammonium Chloride is a biocide.
References Lee, M., et al.: Appl. Micro. Biotech., 87, 1109 (2010); Campanac, C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 46, 1469 (2002); Shen, J., et al.: Anal. Chem., 62, 116 (1990)

Applications Ethyl 2-Bromoisovalerate (cas# 609-12-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications 1-Naphthalenemethanol-d7 (cas# 1189876-86-5) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications Coumarin derivatives were made for trial as bacteriostats.

Applications 3-Hydroxylauric Acid is used in the study of Lipid A, a major constituent of the lipopolysaccharides, which are responsible for the toxicity of gram negative bacteria. Also used in the synthesis of olefins from β-hydroxy carboxylic acids.
References Ogawa, Y. et al.: Carb. Res., 220, 155 (1991); Hara, S. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 1545 (1975);

Applications 1,3-Dimethyl 2-[4-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-nitrophenyl]propanedioate

Stability Air Sensitive
Applications 2-AMINOANTHRACENE (cas# 613-13-8) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 3',4',5'-Trifluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-amine is a building block used in various chemical synthesis.

Applications A metabolic intermediate in nucleic acid metabolism.
References Yoon, K., et al.: Nat. Prod. Sci., 14, 254 (2008), Ramazzina, I., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 23295 (2008), Kim, K., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 387, 1067 (2009),

Applications (Benzy-d5)ldecyldimethylammonium Chloride is labelled Benzyldecyldimethylammonium Chloride (B234550) which is a biocide.
References Lee, M., et al.: Appl. Micro. Biotech., 87, 1109 (2010); Campanac, C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 46, 1469 (2002); Shen, J., et al.: Anal. Chem., 62, 116 (1990)

Applications 2'-Hydroxybiphenyl-3-carboxylic acid

Applications Sinensetin exhibits anti-fungal, anti-histamine activity; induce cell differentiation, inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, inhibition of white blood cells in the human zona protein Interleukin -1-induced expression of tissue factor.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Elliott, A., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 44, 1603 (1992), Furuta, S., et al.: J. Food Sci., 62, 526 (1997),

Applications 2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (cas# 24650-42-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications Used in the novel synthesis of biologically active nitro heterocyclic compounds.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Pawar, N., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 21, 115 (2004), Badgujar, D., et al.: J. Sci. Ind. Res., 66, 250 (2007),

Applications 2,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic Acid 1-Benzyl Ester-d34 is an isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of Trioctyl Trimellitate (T804400), a plasticizer that was evaluated for endocrine disrupting activities through estrogen receptor alpha binding assay.

Applications Cupriethylenediamine Hydroxide is used as a solvent for cellulose.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Yang, L., et al.: J. Applied Polym. Sci., 126, E244 (2012); Shi, W., et al.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52, 586 (2013); Cyrot, J., et al.: Bulletin de l'Institut Textile de France, 18, 211 (1964)

Applications Naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (cas# 85-47-2) is a useful research chemical.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid Mono 4-Methyl-7-carboxy-heptyl Ester-d8 is labelled 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid Mono 4-Methyl-7-carboxy-heptyl Ester (C987315) which is a possible metabolite of the di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) monoester (MINCH).
References Koch, H., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 87, 799 (2013)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Acetyl-d3-salicylic Acid is an an Analgesic; antipyretic; anti-inflammatory; antithrombotic and was found to have a large degree of similarity in terms of molecular reorientation just above the glass transition temperature, with other glass formers at its super cooled and glassy states.
References Nath, R., Nowaczyk, A., Geil, B., Boehmer, R.: J. Non-cryst. Solids, 353, 3788 (2007); Hart, E.R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 89, 205 (1947); Florey, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 1 (1979)

Impurity Artemether USP Related Compound B
Applications Derivative of Artemisinin (A777500). Shows antimalarial and antifungal activity.
References Michael, O., et al.: Malaria J., 9, 335 (2010), Cesar, I., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 54, 114 (2011), Galal, A. et al.: J. Nat. Prod. 68, 1274 (2005)

Applications 4-[(1-Ethylpropyl)amino]-2-methyl-3,5-dinitro-benzoic Acid is a metabolite of Pendimethalin (P221900), an herbicide used to control the spread of weedgrass.
References Haith, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 6496 (2010); Jabran, K., et al.: Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12, 335 (2010); Rahaman, S., et al.: Environ. Ecol., 28, 1 (2010); Zulalian, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 1743-54 (1990);

Applications 4-Hydroxy Propofol sulfate sodium salt is a derivative of Propofol, a hypnotic intravenous agent that is commonly used as an anasthetic for conscious sedation.
References GüLCIN, I., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 281 (2005); Koshy, G., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 95, 1476 (2000)

Applications Ethyl Deoxycholate is the ethyl ester of the common bile salt Deoxycholic Acid (D232645), a Cholic Acid (C432600) derivative used as a component in cell lysis buffers.
References Tuangtong, R. et al.: Dermatol. Surg., 36, 899 (2010); Araki, Y. et al.: Scand. J. Gast., 36, 533 (2001);

Applications Labelled derivative of (4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic Acid (C369470).(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic Acid is a herbicide.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.
References Elliott, B., et al.: Mutagenesis, 20, 3 (2005); Pfleeger, T., et al.; Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30, 455 (2010);

Applications: An impurity contained in samples of all trans-retinoic acid.
References Newton, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 40, 3413 (1980), Curley, R., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2, 1133 (1992), Tanaka, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 43, 356 (1995), Patel, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6716 (2004),

Impurity Atorvastatin EP Impurity G
Applications Atorvastatin derivative.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Rosuvastatin tert-Butyl Ester, is a metabolite of Rosuvastatin (R700500) a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.
References Watanabe, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 5, 437 (1997), Lee, E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 78, 330 (2005), Ferdinand, K.C., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 97, 229 (2006),

Applications A metabolite of Venlafaxine, a selective serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. Used as an antidepressant.
References Kelsey, J., et al.: J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 16, 21 (1996), Long, C., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 166 (1997), Deecher, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 318, 657 (2006)

Applications N-Acetylthiourea is a derivative of Thiourea (T375450); a compound used in biochemistry to increase the solubility (and resolution) of membrane proteins in two-dimensional electrophoresis. N-Acetylthiourea can be used as a reducing agent in a two-part self curing endodontic sealing system.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Jabbour, S.: Am. J. Clin. Dermatol., 4, 315 (2003); Himsworth, H.: Lancet, 242, 465 (1943); Rabilloud, T., et al.: Electrophoresis, 19, 758 (1998); Jin, S. et al. Self-curing system for endodontic sealant applications. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2009018464 A2 20090205. Feb 5, 2009

Stability Hygrscopic
Applications Emtricitabine Tenofovir Monosoproxil is a derivative of Emtricitabine (E525000). Emtricitabine is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner.
References FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. InfecSchinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: . Dis., 182, 599 (2000)

Applications Ethyl Cinnamate, is used in the preparation of polymer-encapsulated osmonium used as a catalyst for the dihydroxylation of alkenes and preparation of a camptothecin intermediate, anticancer drug. Also used in the synthesis of substrate specific ERK1/2 inhibitors used to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation.
References Akiyama, R. et al.: RSC Adv., 2, 7456 (2012); Li, Q. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 6042 (2009);

(1α)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-chloro-1-(chloromethyl)-pregna-4,6-
diene-3,20-dione; 6-Chloro-1α-(chloromethyl)-17-
hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione Acetate; Cyproterone
Acetate EP Impurity C

Applications γ-Butyrobetaine-d9 is the labelled analogue of γ-Butyrobetaine, a synthetic carnitine related compound used as a transporter substrate in the cloning and sequencing of human carnitine transporter 2 (CT2).
References Enomoto, A. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 36262 (2002)