Glicoscienza

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl azide is a chemical compound that has been synthesized and studied by X-ray crystallography. It is an azide derivative of β-D-glucopyranosyl acetate. The structure of this compound was solved using x-ray crystallographic techniques.</p>

<p>3,5-Dideoxy-3,5-imino-1,2-O-isopropylidene-N-butyl-6-O-tert.butyldimethylsilyl-b-L-galactofuranose is a synthetic sugar that can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of glycosides. This compound has been fluorinated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to increase its stability and resistance to hydrolysis. The carbonyl group of the 3,5 position has been converted into an isopropylidene group by reacting with tert.butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBSCl) in order to increase the reactivity of this functional group. This sugar can be modified at any position on its carbohydrate chain in order to produce desired products. It can also be methylated or acetylated at any position on the carbohydrate chain using reagents such as</p>

<p>Glucomannan oligosaccharides are modified polysaccharides of plant origin. They are not digested in the small intestine and are instead fermented by the large intestine to produce short-chain fatty acids. This is a novel approach to weight control. The modified monosaccharide backbone provides for a more complex carbohydrate than found in other dietary fibers, and this complex carbohydrate is resistant to digestion by mammalian enzymes. Glucomannan oligosaccharides can be used as a replacement for high-calorie sweeteners in many food applications and as a bulk laxative.</p>

<p>A carbohydrate compound for use in research and development</p>

<p>1,5-α-L-Arabinotriose is a sugar that is found in the cell walls of plants. It is a trisaccharide composed of three L-arabinose units linked by α-(1→5) bonds. 1,5-α-L-Arabinotriose has been shown to be adsorbed on cellulose acetate and can be used to measure the molecular weight of the adsorbate. This sugar also undergoes optical rotations when it interacts with some dyes such as germanium tetrachloride. 1,5-α-L-Arabinotriose has many uses including: as a solute in chloride ion chromatography; as an absorbent in filtration experiments; and as a parameter for calculating thermodynamics for reactions involving hydrogen transfer.</p>

<p>a-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium salt hydrate (aGPD) is a bacterial strain that has been shown to produce fatty acids from glucose. The production of fatty acids has been shown to be dependent on transfer reactions involving tagatose, which is an intermediate product of the process optimization of aGPD. The final product of these reactions is lactic acid, which is formed in an acidic environment. This bacterial strain has also been used as a model system for studying kidney bean phosphatase and photosynthetic activity in monoclonal antibody production.</p>

<p>A fucan sulphate found in brown marine algae (Phaeophyta-typically fucus vesiculosus (illustrated), Ascophyllum nodosum, Alaria and Macrocystis pyrifyra and has been shown to have anticoagulant activity. The main constituents are α-1,4 and α-1,2 linked L-fucose sulphates although galactose also occurs and there are many variations of the basic structure found in different species of Phaeophyta.<br>The fucose content of this fucan is approx. 43.1% and it also contains galactose (approx. 8.8%), uronic acid (approx. 8.7%) and sulfate (approx. 30.6%).<br>The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that has been synthesized. It is a complex carbohydrate with the molecular formula C12H24O8 and a molecular weight of 256.24 g/mol. 1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose has been modified with glycosylation and polysaccharides to create a click modification. It can be used in custom synthesis and provides high purity.</p>

<p>Oligogalactosyllactose is a polysaccharide made from galactose and glucose. Oligogalactosyllactose has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus strains. Oligogalactosyllactose also has anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to bind to free fatty acids and reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This dietary ingredient is found in inulin, which is a type of carbohydrate that can be found in some vegetables. Oligogalactosyllactose is composed of short chains of sugar molecules, making it easier for the body to absorb. It is also more readily metabolized by bacteria in the gut than other types of carbohydrates like celluloses or starches.</p>

<p>A2F N-Glycan is an oligosaccharide that is found in the human body. It is a glycan that has been shown to be involved in a number of biological processes, including effector functions, site specific recognition, diagnosis, and biopharmaceutical production. A2F N-glycan has also been shown to have potential as a biomarker for autoimmune diseases and cancer. The A2F N-glycan profile may differ between patients with different cancers or autoimmune disorders. This difference in the A2F N-glycan profile may contribute to the development of personalized medicine by helping to diagnose these conditions and predict their prognosis.</p>

<p>Competitive inhibitor of glucosylceramidase (GlcCer), which catalyses the first step in glycosphingolipid (GSL) synthesis. This compound is a promising candidate for substrate reduction therapy in Sandhoff disease, where it decreases the rate of GSL biosynthesis and counterbalances the impaired rate of ganglioside catabolism.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene)- L- ribonic acid gamma-lactone is a carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination. This product can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. The custom synthesis of this product is available on request. This product has been shown to be high purity and methylated. It has also been glycosylated and click modified.</p>

<p>(1S) -1- [(2S, 3R) - 3-Hydroxy- 1- (phenylmethyl) - 2- azetidinyl] -1, 2- Ethanediol is a custom synthesis that is a glycosylated, fluorinated and methylated sugar. It is an oligosaccharide with four monosaccharides and one disaccharide repeating unit. This molecule has been modified with Click chemistry and the use of polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 1009076-81-2 and it can be purchased in high purity.</p>

<p>Sucrose octabenzoate is a practically colorless, odorless, transparent, glass-like material which is compatible with a number of synthetic resins, such as polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate and cellulose acetate. Sucrose octabenzoate improves the hardness and gloss of these products and has also been found to be useful as a component of inks, adhesives, coatings and plastic objects.</p>

<p>The sodium salt of hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan found in many organs, where it functions as a joint lubricant and shock absorber. It is obtained principally from synovial fluid, vitreous humor of the eye, umbilical tissue and cocks comb. The chemical structure of hyaluronic is a disaccharide repeat of β-(1,3) glucuronic acid and β-(1,4) N-acetyl glucosamine.</p>

<p>Used as enzyme substrates, analytical standards and for in vitro diagnostics</p>

<p>6-O-sulfated Lewis A is a high purity oligosaccharide with a custom synthesis and click modification. This product has been shown to be useful in glycosylation, methylation, and saccharide modification. It is a versatile carbohydrate that can be used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. 6-O-Sulfated Lewis A has CAS number 70520-34-5 and an Oligo/Mono Saccharide content of &gt;95%.</p>

<p>4-Deoxy-D-glucose is a neutral, odorless chemical that is used in the synthesis of glycosides. It has a hydroxy group and a methyl group attached to the 4th carbon atom. The hydroxy group on the 4th carbon atom can act as a nucleophile and react with electrophilic groups such as ketones or alcohols. This reaction mechanism leads to the formation of sugar products called methyl glycosides. There are many side effects associated with this chemical, including allergic reactions, which can be due to its structural similarity to glucose. The optimum pH for this chemical is 7.4, which makes it an acid-stable molecule. 4-Deoxy-D-glucose is found in nature and is biosynthesized by plants and animals in order to produce blood group antigens (ABO system). It also plays an important role in the ternary complex that regulates cell division in bacteria.</p>

<p>Dextran sulphate is a dextran derivative whose ulcer (colitis) -causing properties were first reported in hamsters and extrapolated a few years later to mice and rats. The exact mechanisms through which dextran sulphate induces intestinal inflammation are unclear but may be the result of direct damage of the monolayer of epithelial cells in the colon, leading to the crossing of intestinal contents (for e.g. commensal bacteria and their products) into underlying tissue and therefore induction of inflammation.  The dextran sulphate sodium induced ulceration model in laboratory animals has some advantages, when compared to other animal models of colitis, due to its simplicity and similarities to human inflammatory bowel disease.</p>

<p>A gallotannin found in plants, with various biological activities. Its anti-cancer effect has been demonstrated in several cancer cell lines, mediated by inhibition of DNA replication, proliferation and angiogenesis. Elicits anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-diabetic effects. Recently, it has been identified as an inhibitor of c-Myc in hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma cells.</p>

<p>Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside is a flavonoid derivative that is found in plant tissue. It has antioxidant properties and has been shown to inhibit leucaena seed germination, growth, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside can be extracted from fruit by using an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. It is also used as a dietary supplement for its potent inhibitory activity on ROS. Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside is found in plants with other flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol. The chemical structure of this compound consists of a hydroxyl group at the C3 position and an O-glycosidic linkage to galactose at the C2 position. This compound can be detected by mass spectrometric methods such as electron ionization or electrospray ionization because it</p>

<p>3-(2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-1-b-D-ribofuranosyl)benzamide is a sugar derivative with the chemical formula C14H19N5O6. This compound belongs to the group of saccharides and is a synthetic glycoside. 3-(2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-1-b-D-ribofuranosyl)benzamide is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides for use in medical applications. It can be custom synthesized and has a purity level of &gt;99%.</p>

<p>(1S) -1- [(2S, 3R) - N-Butyl-3- hydroxy- 1- azetidinyl] -1, 2- ethanediol is a synthetic carbamate which is a modification of the sugar D-glucose. It has been fluorinated at the C4 position and glycosylated at the C2 position. This compound is also methylated at the C3 position. (1S) -1- [(2S, 3R) - N-Butyl-3- hydroxy- 1- azetidinyl] -1, 2- ethanediol has CAS number 7145636 and has been custom synthesized to be high purity and with custom synthesis modifications.</p>

<p>Suberoylanilide-D5 hydroxamic acid b-D-glucuronide is a modification of sucrose. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with an Oligosaccharide and Carbohydrate. This compound is synthesized with Custom synthesis, Synthetic, High purity, CAS No., Monosaccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation, Polysaccharide, sugar and Fluorination. Suberoylanilide-D5 hydroxamic acid b-D-glucuronide is a fluorinated saccharide that can be used as a sugar for glycosylation or methylation.</p>

<p>1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucosamine HCl is a compound that can be used in the production of bacterial cellulose. It is a white powder with a molecular weight of 536.2. 1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucosamine HCl has been shown to be effective in the cultivation of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. This product is also an additive for deionized water and deionized sucrose solutions. Tetraacetylated glucosamine hydrochloride is used to produce bacterial cellulose through the action of cellulase enzymes on sucrose solutions containing NaOH. In addition, this product has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts and epithelial cells when cultured in vitro.</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose is a thioglucoside that can be synthesized from D-glucose and benzyl bromide. This compound is a protonated nucleophile with a hydroxyl group that can interact with the sulfur of a thiol or disulfide group. The interaction between 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose and S. aureus has been shown to be dependent on the concentration of 2,3,4 tri O benzyl glucopyranose. The reaction between this compound and oligosaccharides led to the formation of dioxane ring structures that were hydrophobic.</p>

<p>Synthetic building block</p>

<p>2,4,7,8-Tetra-O-acetyl-9-azido-9-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester is a high purity synthetic compound that has been modified for use in Click chemistry. It is a monosaccharide with an acetyl group on the 2' position and an azido group on the 9' position of the sugar. This compound is used in fluoroination reactions to modify sugars and oligosaccharides. It can also be used in glycosylation reactions to attach monosaccharides and saccharides to proteins or other molecules.</p>

<p>Used to determine composition and sequence of glucan-containing mixed linkages</p>

<p>N-(Propylidenimino)-2-deoxy-3,4,6-tri-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that is modified with fluorine and methyl groups. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of glycosylation in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. N-(Propylidenimino)-2-deoxy-3,4,6-tri-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranoside also has the ability to prevent glycosylation by binding to carbohydrate substrates.</p>

<p>D-Fructose-1,6-diphosphate tetra(cyclohexylammonium) salt is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water and ethanol and insoluble in ether, chloroform, and benzene. D-Fructose-1,6-diphosphate tetra(cyclohexylammonium) salt is used as a raw material for the production of mono and oligosaccharides by click chemistry or glycosylation. The chemical formula for this substance is CHNO4.H2O4C8H11N.</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>Chitobiose-6'-phosphate is a carbohydrate that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It can be modified to produce different types of saccharides, such as methylation, saccharide click modification, and modification. Chitobiose-6'-phosphate is available in high purity and offers a custom synthesis service for specific requirements.</p>

<p>Sodium carboxymethyl dextran is a white, odourless and tasteless powder, which is freely soluble in water or electrolyte solutions. Applications that have been described for carboxymethyl dextran include carriers of paramagnetic contrast agents, preparation of conjugates of pharmacologically active compounds and carboxymethyl dextrans in biosensors.  A number of other uses in cosmetics, agriculture, foods, paints and textiles have been the subject of patent applications.</p>

<p>D-Mannose-6-phosphate sodium salt (DMSP) is a phosphorylated sugar that is produced by the enzyme expressed in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DMSP has been shown to be involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and other lipids. Its solubilization and adsorption properties have been studied using dibutyryl camp, which is a lipid found in milk fat. The amino acid analysis of DMSP revealed that it contains both D-mannose residues and 6-phosphate groups. The 6-phosphate group is found only on one side of the molecule, which may contribute to its asymmetry.</p>

<p>2-Deoxy-3,4,6-tri-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranosyl amine is a custom synthesis that has been fluorinated and modified. It has been synthesized for use in the production of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This compound is a monosaccharide with a CAS number of 1338226-07-5. It can be used to produce complex carbohydrates. 2DGPA can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of saccharides or sugars.</p>

<p>3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that can be modified with fluorination, glycosylation, methylation and modification. It is also synthesized from glycoaldehyde and methanesulfonic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide and sodium acetate. 3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose can be used to synthesize saccharides and oligosaccharides. This compound is soluble in water and has a boiling point of 218°C at 760 mmHg. It is slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol and acetone. 3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose has a CAS number of 40631-95-6.</p>

<p>NGA2F Glycan is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized by the enzymatic transfer of an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue to a serine or threonine residue on protein. It is modified with methylation, Click modification, and fluorination. NGA2F Glycan has two binding sites for 2-AB labelled monosaccharides. The glycosylation site is located at the non-reducing end of the molecule, while the oligosaccharide site is located at the reducing end of the molecule.</p>

<p>Neocarratetraose 4,4-disulfate disodium salt is a synthetic, fluorinated carbohydrate that is synthesized from neopentyl glycol and 1,2-dichloroethane. It has been used as a substrate for the glycosylation of saccharides. Neocarratetraose 4,4-disulfate disodium salt is a white to off-white powder with a molecular weight of 538.</p>

<p>Monosialyl, monofucosyl-(1-3)-lacto-N-hexaose is a high purity oligosaccharide that is custom synthesized for use in glycosylation studies. It can be modified with methylation, fluorination, or Click chemistry to create a variety of sugar derivatives. Monosialyl, monofucosyl-(1-3)-lacto-N-hexaose has been shown to have complex carbohydrate properties and can be used as an α1→6 glycosidic linker in the synthesis of polysaccharides.</p>

<p>2,3,6-Tri-O-acetyl-4-O-[2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl bDgalactopyranosyl)-bDglucopyranosyl]-aDglucopyranosyl bromide (TTA) is an acetylated oligosaccharide with a degree of polymerization of 5. It has a molecular weight of 1312. The compound is a methylated saccharide which is synthesized from 2,3,6 tri O acetyl 4 O methyl 2 3 6 tetra O acetyl b D galactopyranosy 1</p>

<p>1-Methyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-1-N-dehydroDribitol (LMDDR) is an oligosaccharide that can be synthesized by the modification of dideoxyribitol. LMDDR is a complex carbohydrate with a sugar chain and has a CAS number of 909703-52-2. This monosaccharide can be fluorinated to form 1-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-O-[(trifluoromethyl)methylidene]-1,4dideoxy -1,4imino -Dribitol (TFMDDR). TFMDDR has been shown to have higher purity and better stability than LMDDR.</p>

<p>6-Deoxy-L-tallitol is a sugar that is synthesized from the natural sugar, L-taloheptulose. This product is custom synthesized and can be modified to suit the needs of the customer. It can be fluorinated, glycosylated, or methylated as required. 6-Deoxy-L-tallitol can be used in a variety of applications such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and food products. This product has a CAS number, Oligosaccharide, Monosaccharide, saccharide Carbohydrate, complex carbohydrate.</p>

<p>Substrate for b-6-GlcNAc-transferase</p>

<p>Sodium Pentagalacturonate, (β-1,4 sodium Pentagalacturonate) is derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis (Combo, 2012). It is used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s), and gluconase(s) (Jayani, 2005). The addition of very short fragments of homogalacturonan, tri-galacturonate, tetra-galacturonate, and penta-galacturonate oligosaccharides, restore development in dark-grown, de-etiolated seedling mutants, suggesting that they are unable to generate de-methylesterified pectin fragments. A model of spatiotemporally separated photoreceptive and signal-responsive cell types has been proposed, that contains overlapping subsets of the regulatory network of light-dependent seedling development (Sinclair, 2017).</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl bDgalactopyranosyl)-bDglucopyranoside is a modification of an oligosaccharide. It is a high purity and custom synthesis. This product can be found under CAS No. 807827-28-0.</p>

<p>This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.</p>

<p>Ethyl 3-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-O-levulinoyl-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that belongs to the group of carbohydrates. It is a complex carbohydrate with an oligosaccharide and polysaccharide side chain. The saccharide contains a methylated and glycosylated benzene ring attached to the oxygen atom of glucose at position C1, which then has an acetate group that is attached to it. The glycosylation of this molecule is methylated at the C2 position, which is a rare modification that has not been studied extensively. This molecule also has a fluorinated acetate group at the C3 position on the glucose ring. This product is high purity and synthetic in origin.</p>

<p>1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose is a sugar that belongs to the group of xylooligosaccharides. It is an enzymatic inactivator that binds to the enzyme hydrolase family. Xylooligosaccharides are found in plant cell walls, where they can be used as a carbon source by termites. 1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose has been shown to be most active against neutral ph, but it is not active against acidic ph. The enzyme hydrolase family is inhibited by binding with 1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose and this prevents hydrolysis of carbohydrates, which includes glycosidic bonds.br&gt;br&gt;<br>1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose has also been shown to be beneficial for sustainable agriculture practices as it inhibits enzymes that break down xylooligosaccharides</p>

<p>a-D-Glucuronic acid-1-phosphate is a substrate for alkaline phosphatase. It hydrolyzes phosphate esters and modifies inorganic phosphate, including pyrophosphate. It also catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleotide monophosphates such as NADPH and UDPglucose to their respective diphosphates. This enzyme is not inhibited by inorganic phosphate, phosphatase, NADP+, or UDP-.</p>