Antimicrobici

Cefadroxil monohydrate is a hydrated form of cefadroxil with similar action and applications as cefadroxil.

Emtricitabine is a nucleoside analog that is an antiviral drug used to treat HIV/AIDS. It is a synthetic nucleoside analog of cytidine, in which the 3' phosphate and 5' hydroxyl groups have been replaced with a fluorine atom and a methoxy group, respectively. Emtricitabine has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of viral DNA by competing for incorporation into the viral DNA strand during the elongation phase of viral replication. Emtricitabine also has anticancer activity, but no other known therapeutic uses.

N-Demethyl erythromycin A is a metabolite of erythromycin with narrow-spectrum antibiotic activity and is used for research on erythromycin derivatives.

Tenofovir diphosphate triethylamine (mixture of diastereomers) is an antiviral compound, which is a synthetic chemical product derived from the parent compound, tenofovir. This formulation includes a mixture of diastereomers to enhance its solubility and bioavailability. The compound primarily functions as a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It targets viral reverse transcriptase enzymes, inhibiting DNA synthesis and subsequent viral replication by causing premature chain termination.

Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and Lyme disease.

Butenafine hydrochloride is a mycological agent that is used to treat tinea. It has been shown to have an antifungal activity in vitro against wild-type strains of c. glabrata. Butenafine hydrochloride inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, which is a vital component of fungal cell membranes, by blocking the conversion of squalene to lanosterol through inhibition of 14alpha-demethylase. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit bacterial growth.

Streptomycin sulfate is an antibiotic that inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to the ribosomal subunit and interfering with protein synthesis. It is used in culture media for the production of human antibodies as well as in drug therapy for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus. Streptomycin sulfate has a high specific activity and low sensitivity, but it also has a low solubility in water. The active form of streptomycin sulfate is streptomycin A, which is produced by the addition of a phenyl ring to neomycin sulfate. In plant roots, streptomycin sulfate inhibits cyanogenic glycosides from being hydrolyzed into hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and benzaldehyde.

Capastat sulfate is an antibiotic with action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting protein synthesis and is used for treating tuberculosis.

Enrofloxacin is a rapidly bactericidal antibiotic, that inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and blocking protein synthesis, thereby preventing the bacteria from making new proteins. Enrofloxacin also has strong activity against gram-positive bacteria, including Clostridium perfringens which is an anaerobic bacterium that causes food-borne illness. This antibiotic is used for the treatment of acute bacterial infections in humans, such as, skin or soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and septicemia (bloodstream infection). Enrofloxacin has shown excellent bioavailability with high serum protein binding capacity. Additionally, it has good efficacy against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Enrofloxacin can be used effective in treatments for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species.

PS 3061 is a type of biostimulant, which is derived from activated charcoal. Activated charcoal serves as the source of this biostimulant, providing a unique substrate that interacts with soil and plant roots. Its mode of action involves enhancing nutrient uptake and improving soil microbial activity, thereby facilitating better plant growth and development.

Erythromycin thiocyanate is a macrolide antibiotic derivative with action on bacterial protein synthesis inhibition and is used for research and pharmaceutical applications.

Flucloxacillin sodium is a beta-lactam antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating skin, bone, and respiratory infections.

b-Apo-oxytetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic and is used for the treatment of bacterial infections. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis.

Albomitomycin A is an antibiotic compound, which is derived from the fermentation of specific Streptomyces species. This compound exhibits a unique mode of action by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacterial cells, specifically targeting the 30S ribosomal subunit. This interference with ribosomal function ultimately disrupts the production of essential proteins, leading to bacterial cell death.

Lamivudine (commonly called 3TC) is a potent nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is one of the front line treatments for HIV.  It is an analogue of cytidine, and can inhibit both types (1 and 2) of HIV reverse transcriptase as well as the reverse transcriptase of hepatitis B. It needs to be phosphorylated to its triphosphate form before it is active.

2-Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one HCl , also known as MIT hydrochloride is often used as a preservative in personal care products and other industrial applications. The product has shown to act as an antimicrobial and antifungal agent.