Nucleosidi e Nucleotidi

Impurity 6-Chloro Famciclovir Impurity
Applications 9-[4-Acetoxy-3-(acetoxymethyl)butyl]-2-amino-6-chloropurine is an impurity of Famciclovir (F101125), an antiviral agent and a prodrug of Penciclovir (P221500).
References Raman, N., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 50, 797 (2009); Hodge, V.R.A., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 33, 1765 (1989),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Ademethionine 1,4-Butanedisulfonate is used in the synthesis of sulfonio-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) salts.

Applications Gemcitabine intermediate.
References Balzarini, J., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 1988, 37, 2847 (1988), Hertel, L., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 4417 (1990), Marquez, V., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 978 (1990),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Hydrolytic impurity of D226730 and A796950 (decitabine)
References Beisler, Jj.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 21, 204 (1978),

Applications A potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 replication.
References Mitsuya, H., et al.: Nature, 325, 773 (1987), Brehm, J., et al.: Biochem., 47, 14020 (2008), Paredes, R., et al.: J. Virol., 83, 2038 (2009), Wan, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 1144 (2009), Mainardes, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 257 (2009),

Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity A
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Lamivudine Acid (Lamivudine EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Lamivudine (L172500). Impurity A per European Pharmacopoeia.
References Dwyer, O., et al.: Synlett, 11, 1163 (1995),

Applications Labelled 5-FU, a potent antineoplastic agent in clinical use. Also an inhibitor of DNA synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Rudy, B.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 2, 221 (1973), Miyashita, O., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 29, 3181 (1981), Hansen, R.M., et al.: Cancer Invest., 9, 637 (1991),

Impurity Capecitabine EP Impurity F/ USP Capecitabine Related Compound C
Applications Capecitabine-2',3'-cyclic Carbonate (Capecitabine EP Impurity F) is a capecitabine related compound C is an impurity in Capecitabine (C175650), an antineoplastic agent. Capecitabine is a prodrug of Doxifluridine (D556750).
References Muss, H., et al.: New Eng. J. Med., 360, 2055 (2009), Takahashi, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 37, 956 (2009), Saltz, L., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 27, 653 (2009), Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 187, 84 (2009),

Applications An impurity of Emtricitabine synthesis.

Applications A pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with antiviral activity.
References van der Vliet, P.C. and Kwant, M.M.: Biochemistry, 20, 2628 (1981), Mitsuya, H., Broder, S.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 1911 (1986), Starnes, M.C., and Cheng, Y.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 988 (1987),

Applications A Lamivudine (L172500) intermediate.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Chang, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 13938 (1992), Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993).

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Lamivudine-13C1,d2, is the labeled analogue of Lamivudine (L172502). A reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral.
References Morris, D.M., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 255 (1944), Nevens, B.F., et al.: Gastroenterology, 113, 1258 (1997), Perry, C.M., et al.: Drugs, 53, 657 (1977),

Applications (+)-Isomenthol is a reagent that has been used in the preparation of a phosphine activator.
References Rajendran., K.V., et. al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 54, 7009 (2013)

Applications Lamivudine is a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral. Lamivudine has been used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
References Morris, D.M., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 255 (1944), Nevens, B.F., et al.: Gastroenterology, 113, 1258 (1997), Perry, C.M., et al.: Drugs, 53, 657 (1977),

Applications Cobamamide is an enzyme cofactor that can also regulate gene expression through RNA-base riboswitches.
References Ortiz-Guerrero, J.M., et. al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 7565 (2011)

Impurity Azathioprine BP Impurity E
Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 5-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole Sodium Salt is a degradation product of Azathioprine (A803350); an immunosuppressive antimetabolite that is also active as a disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).
References Mitrou, P.S., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 29, 483, 662 (1979); Ding, T.L., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 7, 373 (1979); Chan, G.L.C., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 7, 165 (1987); Sandborn, W.J., et al.: Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 33, Suppl. 225, 92 (1998)

Applications 5′-Deoxy-5′-(methylthio)adenosine (Methylthioadenosine) may be used as a substrate to study the specificity and kinetics of 5′-methylthioadenosinephosphorylase (MTAP) (EC2.4.2.28), a tumor suppressor gene expressed enzyme that supports the S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and methionine salvage pathways. Methylthioadenosine is used in studies on bacterial quorum sensing pathways that envolve enzymes such as 5′-Methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (MTAN).
References Pegg, A., et al.: Biochem. J., 115, 241 (1969), Olopade, O., et al.: Cancer Res., 53, 2410 (1993), Hartmann, S., et al.: Clin. Chem., 52, 1127 (2006), Penner, N., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 52, 534 (2010),