APIs per la ricerca e le impurità

Linagliptin impurity E is a metabolite of the drug Linagliptin. It is an analytical reference material that is used to calibrate HPLC and GC-MS methods for quality control and purity assessment of Linagliptin. This impurity standard is also used for metabolism studies.

Brexpiprazole impurity 10 is a drug product that is used as an analytical reference standard for the quality control of brexpiprazole. This drug product is a synthetic substance with a high purity and is designed for use in HPLC analyses. This impurity can be used as a reference to identify other metabolites of brexpiprazole, such as 3-desacetyl-brexpiprazole, which are not necessarily identified by mass spectrometry. The CAS number for Brexpiprazole impurity 10 is 15116-41-3 and it has been assigned the IUPAC name 2-[2-[(2S)-2-[[(3S)-3-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenoxy]propyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]-1H-indol-5-yl]acetic acid.

Palbociclib Impurity F is a high purity synthetic intermediate for the production of Palbociclib. It is made by reacting 4-chloro-3-[4-(4-methylpiperidinium)butyl]benzoic acid with 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the presence of triethylamine and 2,6-diisopropylaniline. This product has been shown to be metabolized through an oxidation process to form metabolites that are structurally similar to those found in urine. The chemical structure of this impurity can be found in CAS No. 851067-56-6.

Tenofovir disoproxil is the disoproxil fumarate salt of tenofovir. It is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) in combination with emtricitabine and as a single agent in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Tenofovir disoproxil is available as tablets, capsules, or oral solution. The drug has been shown to cause an increase in serum creatinine levels, which may be due to inhibition of renal tubular secretion of creatinine by tenofovir. This drug should not be used with alafenamide and tenofovir because it can lead to kidney failure and death.

Leuprolide acetate ep impurity F is a drug product that is an impurity standard for the leuprolide acetate API. It is used in analytical and clinical studies to identify the presence of leuprolide acetate impurities, as well as to determine the metabolism of leuprolide acetate. Leuprolide acetate ep impurity F has been shown to be a natural metabolite of leuprolide acetate and have a niche application in pharmacopoeia.

Quetiapine is a drug that belongs to the class of sulfoxides. It is usually administered orally, but can also be given intravenously or intramuscularly. Quetiapine has been studied for its clinical use in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The plasma concentrations of quetiapine are determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection. Validation studies have shown that the HPLC-MS/MS method is accurate and precise, with good linearity over a range of concentrations. Analysis was performed on plasma samples from healthy volunteers who were administered either 2 mg or 10 mg doses of quetiapine by intravenous injection. Concentrations were calculated and compared to those found in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder who had been given oral doses of 300 mg per day for four weeks, yielding a therapeutic plasma concentration range from 100 to 300 ng/mL.

Bortezomib impurity 76 is an analytical reference material that is used in the development and production of pharmaceuticals. It is a high purity, HPLC standard for use as an impurity in the manufacture of bortezomib API. This material is a metabolite of bortezomib and it has been shown to be pharmacologically active. Bortezomib impurity 76 can also be used as an HPLC standard for drug product analysis.

Cyamemazine sulfoxide is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. It has been shown to have strong affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2C and dopamine D2 receptors, as well as the atrial 5-HT2A receptors. Cyamemazine sulfoxide has a low oral bioavailability of about 10% and is metabolized in the liver to cyamemazine and its active form, cyamemazine sulfoxide. Cyamemazine sulfoxide binds to serotonin 5-HT2C receptors with a high affinity, which leads to inhibition of serotonin release from nerve endings in the brain. This drug also inhibits dopamine release from nerve endings in the brain and has been shown to have cardiac effects on heart rate and contractility.

Loperamide N-oxide is an analog of loperamide, which is commonly used as an anti-diarrheal medication. It has been shown to have potential anti-cancer properties by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Loperamide N-oxide has also been detected in urine samples from Chinese individuals, indicating its potential use as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis. This compound has been found to inhibit trypsin-like kinases, which are enzymes involved in cell division and proliferation. In addition, loperamide N-oxide has been shown to inhibit the growth of tumor cells and may have potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. However, it should be noted that rifampicin and other inhibitors can reduce the effectiveness of loperamide N-oxide against cancer cells. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of this compound.

Valsartan is a drug that belongs to the class of angiotensin II receptor blockers. It has a molecular weight of 376.5 and an empirical formula of C21H28N2O4S. Valsartan Impurity 23 is a synthetic impurity with CAS No. 2459446-44-5, which has a molecular weight of 464.3 and an empirical formula of C25H30N2O6S. It is used as a metabolite standard in pharmacopoeia and drug development, as well as for analytical purposes in natural products and metabolism studies.

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Dihydrexidine hydrochloride is a phosphate ion transport inhibitor that binds to the acetylcholine transporter, and inhibits the uptake of acetylcholine in the brain. It is used as an opioid analgesic, as well as to treat depression, cognitive disorders, and Parkinson's disease. Dihydrexidine hydrochloride binds to the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme and prevents it from breaking down dopamine. This leads to increased levels of dopamine in the synapse and enhanced transmission of nerve impulses between neurons. Dihydrexidine hydrochloride also has been shown to bind to antigen molecules on cells, which may be important for its antiviral properties.

Cis-Tadalafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5, which is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing men with ED to achieve and maintain an erection. Cis-Tadalafil is also used to treat symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) in men. This drug has been shown to be effective in treating PPH by reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving exercise capacity. Cis-Tadalafil belongs to the carboline class of drugs and is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that selectively inhibits cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). This drug has been shown to be highly effective in treating both ED and PPH with minimal side effects.

N-Benzyl albuterol is a drug product that is custom synthesized to be of high purity with an analytical standard. It is used in research and development, pharmaceutical development, and as a pharmacopoeia or analytical standard. N-Benzyl albuterol has been found to be a metabolite of the drug product Albuterol Sulfate. It is also used in metabolism studies and natural product research. The CAS number for this compound is 24085-03-8.

Acarbose Impurity E is an impurity found in acarbose. It is a natural, API impurity and is a synthetic impurity standard. Acarbose Impurity E has been used in drug development research and development, as well as in the HPLC analysis of acarbose to generate a pharmacopoeia-grade purity standard.

Tofacitinib dihydro impurity is a research and development impurity standard for the synthesis of Tofacitinib. It is a custom synthesis with high purity, pharmacopoeia grade, and synthetic. This product is also used in drug development for metabolism studies and analytical applications.

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