APIs per la ricerca e le impurità

Erlotinib-3-vinyl hydrochloride is a drug product that is used in the treatment of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer. It is an impurity standard for HPLC and analytical testing. Erlotinib-3-vinyl hydrochloride is also used as an API impurity and metabolite in metabolism studies. Erlotinib-3-vinyl hydrochloride can be synthesized from 4-(4'-vinylphenoxy)butanal, which is a natural compound obtained from plants like apple trees. This synthetic process can be done by the reduction of 4-(4'-vinylphenoxy)butanal with sodium borohydride, followed by reaction with vinyl chloride. The compound is also found as a metabolite in humans after oral administration of erlotinib, which has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis and DNA synthesis.

Fonofos is a potent inhibitor that has been shown to induce apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. It is also known to inhibit chitin kinase, a protein that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of chitin, which is essential for the formation of cell walls in fungi and insects. Fonofos has medicinal properties and has been studied as a potential anticancer agent due to its ability to inhibit tumor growth. In vitro studies have shown that Fonofos can inhibit the growth of human cancer cells by inhibiting heparin-binding proteins. Additionally, it has been found to have inhibitory effects on several other enzymes involved in cancer development and progression. Although not approved for use in humans, Fonofos may hold promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of certain cancers.

(-)-Bornyl ferulate is a natural compound, specifically a type of ferulic acid ester, which is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants. Its source is primarily the essential oils and resins of various coniferous species, where it contributes to the plant's defense mechanisms. The mode of action of (-)-Bornyl ferulate involves its ability to scavenge free radicals, thus exhibiting antioxidant activity. It also modulates inflammatory pathways, suggesting possible anti-inflammatory effects.

o-Desmethyl venlafaxine N-dimer is a metabolite of venlafaxine that has been identified in human plasma. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a melting point of about 175°C. The purity of the product is more than 98%. It is soluble in methanol and ethanol, but insoluble in water. The o-desmethyl venlafaxine N-dimer was developed as an analytical reference standard for use in HPLC analysis of venlafaxine and its metabolites and impurities.

Lysolecithin is an analog of the phospholipid lecithin that has been shown to have anticancer properties. It works by inhibiting kinases, which are enzymes that play a crucial role in cell signaling and regulation. Lysolecithin promotes apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a promising medicinal agent for the treatment of tumors. Studies have also shown that lysolecithin can inhibit protein kinase activity in human urine and inhibit the growth of cancer cells in Chinese hamsters. This compound may prove to be a valuable tool in the development of kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy.

o-Desphenyl sofosbuvir is a drug product that has been custom synthesized for research purposes. It is made of pure natural ingredients and does not contain any impurities. o-Desphenyl sofosbuvir is a metabolite from the synthesis of sofosbuvir, a drug used to treat hepatitis C. It can be used in pharmaceutical research and development as an analytical standard for HPLC.

Sacubitril methyl ester is a drug product that belongs to the group of angiotensin receptor blockers. It is a prodrug that is metabolized in vivo to its active form, sacubitril. Sacubitril methyl ester has been shown to be effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.