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Pentafluorobenzoylcytosine is a derivatizing agent that is used in the analysis of environmental health. It is able to convert hydrophobic dyes into more polar compounds that are suitable for gas chromatography or liquid chromatography. Pentafluorobenzoylcytosine can be used to identify the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their metabolites in biological samples. The derivatization procedure involves adding dimethyl sulfate (DMS) to the dye, followed by alkylation with chloroethane, yielding a reactive sulfate ester. This product has been shown to react with DNA adducts such as 3-nitrobenzanthracene-DNA adducts and produce an alkene derivative, which can be identified by GC/MS or GC/NPD techniques.