ELK Promotion

Histone H1 is one of the five main histone protein families which are components of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. May play a key role in the control of gene expression during oogenesis and early embryogenesis, presumably through the perturbation of chromatin structure.

Histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template.

Histone H4 is one of the 5 main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. H4 is a structural component of the nucleosome, and is subject to covalent modification, including acetylation and methylation, which may alter expression of genes located on DNA associated with its parent histone octamer.

LDHD belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. D-lactate and D-glycerate dehydrogenase activities have been found in a similar protein in yeast.

beta 1 Sodium Potassium ATPase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane.

The distinct peripheral cytosolic proteins, alpha, beta and gamma catenin (102, 94 and 86 kDa) are found in many tissues and bind to the conserved cytoplasmic tail domain of the cell adhesion cadherins. Catenins link E cadherin to other integral membrane or cytoplasmic proteins and are modulated by Wnt1 proto oncogene. The central core region of beta catenin is involved in mediation of cadherin catenin complex interaction with EGFR. Beta-Catenin-mediated signalling is involved at several stages of vertebrate neural development.

PEPC (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase), belongs to an enzyme family of carboxy-lyases that is catalyzing adding fo carbon dioxide to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form oxaloacetate.

PEPC (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase), belongs to an enzyme family of carboxy-lyases that is catalyzing adding fo carbon dioxide to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form oxaloacetate.

The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV, EC 1.9.3.1) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria and the mitochondrion.It is the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain of mitochondria (or bacteria) located in the mitochondrial (or bacterial) membrane. It receives an electron from each of four cytochrome c molecules, and transfers them to one oxygen molecule, converting molecular oxygen to two molecules of water. In the process, it binds four protons from the inner aqueous phase to make water, and in addition translocates four protons across the membrane, helping to establish a transmembrane difference of proton electrochemical potential that the ATP synthase then uses to synthesize ATP.

The Tripartite motif(TRIM) family of proteins are characterized by a conserved TRIM domian.Regulates membrane budding and exocytosis. May be involved in the regulation of the mobility of KCNB1-containing endocytic vesicles.

E-Cadherin is a calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein composed of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region, and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail.

Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a chaperone protein that assists other proteins to fold properly, stabilizes proteins against heat stress, and aids in protein degradation. In mammalian cells, there are two or more genes encoding cytosolic Hsp90 homologues, with the human Hsp90α showing 85% sequence identity to Hsp90β.

The 14-3-3 family of proteins plays a key regulatory role in signal transduction, checkpoint control, apoptotic and nutrient-sensing pathways. 14-3-3 protein epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAE gene.

Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) also known as heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPB1 gene. Hsp27 is a chaperone of the sHsp (small heat shock protein) group among ubiquitin, α-crystallin, Hsp20 and others.Involved in stress resistance and actin organization.

HSP60 Implicated in mitochondrial protein import and macromolecular assembly. May facilitate the correct folding of imported proteins. May also prevent misfolding and promote the refolding and proper assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions in the mitochondrial matrix.

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to changes in available oxygen in the cellular environment, to be specific, to decreases in oxygen, or hypoxia.This protein is required for the ligand-binding subunit to translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus after ligand binding.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly conserved from yeast to plants and animals and plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. AMPK is a heterotrimeric complex composed of a catalytic α subunit and regulatory β and γ subunits, each of which is encoded by two or three distinct genes (α1, 2; β1, 2; γ1, 2, 3).

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly conserved from yeast to plants and animals and plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. AMPK is a heterotrimeric complex composed of a catalytic α subunit and regulatory β and γ subunits, each of which is encoded by two or three distinct genes (α1, 2; β1, 2; γ1, 2, 3).

Autophagy is a catabolic process for the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of proteins activated in response to nutrient deprivation and in neurodegenerative conditions. One of the proteins critical to this process is Beclin-1.

Erk3, also known as MAPK6 or p97 MAPK, is almost 50% identical to Erk1/2 at the kinase domain located in its amino-terminal region. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK6 gene.