Substratos fluorogénicos

Fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase

Fluorogenic substrate targeting beta-glucosidase

Fluorescent dye substrate for flow cytometric measurements

Bis(4-methylumbelliferyl)phosphate is a fluorescent probe that can be used for the diagnosis of β-glucosidase. It has a phosphate group and can be used to study phosphodiesterases and phosphodiesters. Bis(4-methylumbelliferyl)phosphate is also a liposomal probe that can be used in kinetic studies. This compound has been shown to inhibit β-glucosidase, which is an enzyme found in human saliva and pancreatic juice, at high concentrations. The inhibition of this enzyme leads to the accumulation of glucose and galactose in the blood, which can lead to diabetes mellitus or cancer.

4-Methylumbelliferone is a fluorescent probe that can be used to study the metabolism of fatty acids in plants. It is also used as a marker for radiation and significant cytotoxicity. 4-Methylumbelliferone binds to the DNA termini, specifically at the 5' phosphate group, and inhibits phosphatase activity. This process increases levels of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (a substrate), which produces protocatechuic acid (an intermediate). The disulfide bond is then broken by hydrogen peroxide, leading to an increase in fluorescence. The optimum pH for this process is 7.5.

4-Methylumbelliferyl beta;-D-glucuronide (MUG) is commonly used as a substrate for detecting beta;-glucuronidase. MUG is used for identifying E. coli contamination in food, drinkingwater, clinical samples and for rapid bacterial identification in blood cultures. It is recommended in international normatives (ISO, DIN) as a fluorogenic substrate for detection of E. coli. MUG is also a tool assaying the glucuronidase gene in plants.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 6-thio-palmitate-b-D-glucopyranoside (Mu-6S-Palm-β-Glc) is a fluorogenic substrate of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), used in the diagnosis of infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL). INCL, also known as infantile CLN1 disease, is a rapidly progressing lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), caused by a deficiency of PPT1. Mu-6S-Palm-β-Glc is also used as the substrate in the PPT assay to investigate the retention of lysosomal enzyme activity of bi-functional IgG-PPT1 fusion protein in the delivery across blood-brain barrier.

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Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-PAB-Resorufin is fluorogenic substrate for thrombin and the thrombin-staphylocoagulase complex.

Fluorogenic substrate for cathepsin B or aminopeptidase III. Yields a blue fluorescent solution upon cleavage.

4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for sulfatase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium saltas a substrate for measuring the sulfatase activity is used for Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) screening and other lysosomal storage disorder diagnosis.

Resorufin b-D-cellobioside is a fluorogenic substrate for measurement of cellulase activity. The product of enzyme reaction, resorufin, exhibits fluorescence emission at 585 nm with excitation at 571 nm at or near physiological pH values.

L-Pro-PAB-Resorufin is a highly sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic indicator for L-proline aminopeptidase activity and related enzymes occurring in prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic organisms. After removal of the L-proline amide substructure by enzymatic hydrolysis and spontaneous elimination of the para-amino-benzyl (PAB) spacer, the initially orange colored compound yields an intense pink color. In addition, the released chromophor is an excellent fluorophor showing red fluorescence at an emission wavelength of 580 to 600 nm when excited at 560 to 570 nm.

4-Methylumbelliferyl lignocerate is a fluorogenic substrate for lipase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl lignocerateas a substrate for measuring the lipase activity is used for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy diagnosis and peroxisomal disorder screening.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-sulfate potassium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-sulfate potassium saltas a substrate for measuring the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase activity is used for diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA) (a rare lysosomal storage disorder) and Morquio A syndrome screening.

A substrate used for the diagnosis of Sanfilippo disease C (MPS III C).

Fluorogenic substrate for β-glucosidase

Resorufin b-D-glucopyranoside is a stable red fluorogenic galactosidase substrate.

Methylumbelliferyl butyrate is structurally based on 4-methylumbelliferone and is a MOSCERDAM® substrate. It targets the esterase enzyme.

Bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl)phosphate, or bis-4MU-phopshate, is a fluorogenic substrate used to study phosphatase activity, particularly in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

Living cells of Escherichia coli can be reliably detected with media that contain a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase (also termed β-D-glucuronidase), an enzyme that occurs almost exclusively in E. coli. RUG®, Resorufin-beta-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester is a highly sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic indicator for E. coli. After removal of the methyl ester group by unspecific hydrolysis, orange colored product is cleaved by beta-glucuronidase in liquid media or on agar plates and yields an intense pink color. Red fluorescence is obtained upon excitation at 560-570 nm.Formally ER175455.

Methyl 4-methylumbelliferyl hexyl phosphonate is a lipase suicide inhibitor that is a fluorogenic substrate for lipases which upon enzymatic action, binds irreversibly to the lipase and inactivates it. The substrate can be used for the determination of active sites in lipases and the fluorescent signal can be detected at Ex 363 nm and Em 465 nm.

Fluorogenic substrate targeting caspases 3 and 7

5-Octanoylaminofluoroscein di-b-D-glactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used for the detection of peroxidase activity. It is a bifunctional substrate, which means it has two reactive groups: one at the 5 position and one at the 8 position. The 5-octanoylaminofluorescein reacts with hydrogen peroxide in a 1:1 ratio, emitting light at 490 nm. The 8-position amine reacts with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)6 sulphonic acid (ABTS) to produce an orange color product that acts as a chromogen. The substrate can be used in diagnostics, food testing, and enzyme substrates.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-galactopyranoside-6-sulfate is a fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase and a chromogenic substrate for β-glucuronidase. It is used in food testing, environmental testing, and diagnostics.

Fluorogenic substrate targeting esterase and lipase

Fluorogenic substrate used to differentiate cytochrome P450 monooxygenases

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity. This product is a white to off white powder that has a purity of 99.2%. It has been given CAS number 53654–95–1 and it can be found in the Diagnostics section of Acros Organics.

2'-(4-Methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, sodium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-galactosidase. It is used in the analysis of cultured media and as a conjugate for enzyme substrates. This product has been shown to be useful in food testing, diagnostics, and environmental testing. 2'-(4-Methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, sodium salt has been used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of alpha-galactosidase activity. This product is also used as a bioluminescent substrate for the detection of bioluminescence.

6,8-Difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl b-D-glucopyranoside is a versatile fluorogenic substrate suitable for the measurement of various glycosidase enzymes. Its unique structure allows for enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in enzyme assays, making it ideal for studying enzyme kinetics and screening of potential enzyme inhibitors.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-phosphoethanolamine is a phosphorylated substrate that can be used in the detection of enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, esterase, and lipase. This compound has been shown to be a fluorescent and chromogenic substrate for many diagnostic purposes. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-phosphoethanolamine is also used as a fluorogenic substrate for chemiluminescent reactions that are found in culture media and environmental testing.

2-Dodecylresorufin is a fluorescent probe that reacts with the hydroxyl radicals in the cell, which are generated by the enzyme superoxide dismutase. 2-Dodecylresorufin can be used to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced cellular damage. It is also used to study oxidative stress in vitro. The chemical structure of 2-dodecylresorufin contains a linker arm that provides a reversible linkage to the cell surface, allowing for extracellular measurements of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This compound has been shown to have high reactivity, making it useful for studying population dynamics and fluorescent techniques.

Beta-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin, trifluoroacetate salt is a high purity, ligand, and conjugate. It can be used in the food testing and environmental testing fields. This product has been shown to be a good substrate for enzyme activity and can also function as a fluorescent dye in chemiluminescence assays. Beta-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin, trifluoroacetate salt is soluble in water and has a CAS number of 201847-54-3.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-4-O-(2,3,4,6 -tetra-O-acetylbDgalactopyranosyl)-6-O-acetyldEoxybDglucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that has been used in the detection of beta galactosidase activity. It is a ligand for beta galactosidases and can be used for the study of enzyme kinetics. This compound also exhibits high purity and is available in CAS number: 916071. 4MUFAGAALF is suitable for use in culture media and environmental testing as well as diagnostics (e.g., bioluminescence), staining (fluorogenic substrate), and chromogenic substrates

4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-L-idopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-L-iduronidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-L-idopyranosideas a substrate for measuring the alpha-L-iduronidase activity is used for Mucopolysaccharidosis I diagnosis and Hurler syndrome screening.

For fluorogenic detection of caspase 3

4-Methylumbelliferyl 3-O-(α-L-fucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside is an organic compound that is used as a radioactive marker for DNA. It can be synthesized in the laboratory and its use allows for the tracking of DNA molecules. The production of this marker is achieved by recombinant expression of the gene encoding the enzyme β-D-galactosidase, which hydrolyzes 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside to release 4-methylumbelliferone and α-L-fucopyranose. The enzyme uses UDP glucose as a cofactor to catalyse the reaction. This product has been isolated from Corynebacterium glutamicum, with recombinant expression vectors used to produce it in host cells such as Escherichia coli or Corynebacterium glutamicum. It has been found that