Biologia Vegetal

<p>Translation elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu), is a highly conserved protein in bacteria which is essential for the synthesis of new proteins through translation in the ribosome. EF-Tu is also a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) protein. PAMPs are elicitors of plant defences and are recognised by pattern recognition receptors in the plant. In Arabidopsis thaliana EF-Tu is recognised by EF-Tu Receptor (EFR), a leucine-rich repeat-receptor kinase XII family member.Elf18 represents the N-terminal of EF-Tu, the region specifically recognised by Arabidopsis. This N-acetylated peptide is a strong inducer of plant defence responses and results in the biosynthesis of ethylene in leaves which triggers resistance to subsequent infection by pathogenic bacteria.</p>

Tumour antigens recognised by cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are a keen area of research to develop antigen-specific cancer therapies. However, hurdles are weak immunogenicity and high rates of degradation in vivo. In the search for a melanoma vaccine, the human tumour antigen Melan-A/MART-1 (27-35) has been used as a model to design peptides with improved characteristics for use in anti-tumour vaccines. The epitope can induce the production of melanoma-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. It has been included in melanoma antigen peptide vaccines, clinical trial data suggest that MART-1 (27-35) in human systems alongside other epitopes does affect the cellular and humoral responses, but much more work is required with this peptide to optimise it for clinical efficacy against melanoma.An alternate route that is possible but less studied is using MART-1 (27-35) to isolate CD8(+) T-cell clones with greater recognition for the epitope due to the contact with the T-cell receptor. This suggests melanomas could be targeted by optimising the T-cell receptor-peptide recognition of the T-cell repertoire by enhancing antigen targeting.

<p>Cellulose synthase is a crucial enzyme involved in the synthesis of cellulose. Cellulose is an aggregation of unbranched polymer chains made of β-(1-4)-linked glucose residues, and is a component of primary and secondary cell walls - functioning to primarily maintain strength and shape in cells.Cellulose is synthesised by large cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs), which consist of synthase protein isoforms (CesA) that are arranged into a unique hexagonal structure.Specifically the isoform cellulose synthase 7 takes part in secondary cell wall cellulose synthesis.</p>

<p>T-2 Toxin</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal medium (with Kinetin)</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal medium, 1 pack = 10x1L</p>

<p>T2 toxin triol</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal salts (macro-nutrient salt base-1x)</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal salts (? micros and ? macros)</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal salts (? Nitrogen)</p>

<p>Murashige shoot tip rooting medium</p>

<p>Murashige and Skoog modified basal medium (with?2iP)</p>