Glicociência

NA3F is a N-glycan that is found on various glycoproteins and glycolipids. It consists of sialic acid, galactose, and fucose sugars in the ratio 3:2:1. NA3F N-glycans are synthesized by the removal of the terminal sialic acid residue from an Asn-linked oligosaccharide precursor. These types of glycans are found on high mannose (HMan) and hybrid (HHyb) glycans. The synthesis of NA3F N-glycan requires the activity of two enzymes: peptidase and sialyltransferase. The enzyme peptidase cleaves an α(1,4)-linked oligosaccharide at the nonreducing end to form a free α(1,6) linked oligosaccharide with a terminal α(1,2) linked mannose residue. This process releases the terminal

Ribitol is a sugar alcohol that is found in all living organisms. It is also used as a source of carbon and energy in the form of D-ribitol-5-phosphate, which can be synthesized from ribose 5-phosphate by means of an enzymatic reaction. Ribitol 5 phosphate is used for the synthesis of monoclonal antibodies, which are useful for studying enzyme activities, immunoassays, and cell surface receptors. This compound has been shown to have regulatory effects on the expression of genes encoding fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes. Ribitol 5 phosphate has been detected using magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques in glycan structures and galacturonic acid residues.

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Fructose-3-phosphate sodium salt is a reactive sugar molecule that belongs to the group of monosaccharides. It can be used as a cross-linking agent in polymerization reactions, such as those used in sample preparation for animal experiments or for magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fructose-3-phosphate sodium salt is also used as a reactant in nephrology dialysis and has been shown to have beneficial effects on diabetic patients. This compound has the ability to increase the concentration of galactitol, a nonmetabolized form of glucose that can only be obtained from the diet. Galactitol is produced by the liver when blood glucose levels are high and helps to lower blood glucose levels through its action on insulin secretion and peripheral tissue sensitivity. Fructose-3-phosphate sodium salt may also act as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis

a-D-Galactosyl-mannotriose is a complex oligosaccharide, which is derived from plant materials such as leguminous seeds. Its mode of action involves selectively promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, through its structural composition that resists hydrolysis by human digestive enzymes. This non-digestibility allows it to reach the colon intact, where it can exert its prebiotic effects.

Salacinol is a naturally occurring sulfonium ion, which is a bioactive compound found primarily in the roots and stems of the plant Salacia reticulata. This plant is native to regions of South Asia, particularly India and Sri Lanka, and is traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine. Salacinol's mode of action involves the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase, an enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into glucose. By inhibiting this enzyme, salacinol reduces the postprandial rise in blood glucose levels, thus demonstrating antidiabetic potential.