Iridóides

Picrotin is an inhibitor of glycine receptors. Picrotin blocks α2 GlyR, α1 GlyR, and α3 GlyR and can be used in studies about neurotransmission.

Terpendole E is an atypical L5 site inhibitor.

Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside, which is a natural compound isolated primarily from the roots of the plant *Rehmannia glutinosa*. This compound is known for its various bioactive properties, functioning predominantly through its ability to modulate antioxidant pathways, regulate inflammatory responses, and exert neuroprotective effects. These modes of action are attributed to its capacity to influence cellular signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/Akt pathway, and to interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby mitigating oxidative stress.

Catalposide is a bioactive iridoid glycoside, which is a naturally occurring compound sourced from various plant species, including those in the family Bignoniaceae. This compound is primarily extracted from the roots, leaves, and flowers of plants such as Catalpa and Rehmannia species. Catalposide exhibits its effects by modulating various cellular pathways, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the modulation of oxidative stress mechanisms. Its mode of action involves the suppression of NF-kB activation and interference with inflammatory signaling cascades.

Amarogentin is an iridoid glycoside, which is a secondary metabolite found primarily in the roots of the Gentiana lutea plant and other Gentianaceae species. It is renowned for its extreme bitterness and is considered one of the most bitter natural compounds known. Its mode of action involves stimulation of taste receptors, promoting the release of digestive enzymes, and enhancing gastrointestinal motility.