Flavonóides

Brazilin, isolated from Caesalpinia sappan has been known as a natural red pigment, exhibits the inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NO production in a dose-dependent manner (IC50=24.3 microM), might be associated with the regulation of transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1; inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) plays an important role in inflammation and carcinogenesis, suggests that the suppressive effect of iNOS gene expression by brazilin might provide one possible mechanism for its anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive activity.

Bavachinin is a novel natural pan-PPAR agonist , it shows stronger activities with PPAR-γ than with PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ (EC50 = 0.74 μmol/l, 4.00 μmol/l and 8.07 μmol/l in 293T cells, respectively). Bavachinin possesses anti-asthma, anti-angiogenic , anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties, it also exhibits glucose-lowering properties without inducing weight gain and hepatotoxicity.

Didymin is a citrus-derived natural compound that kills p53 wild-type as well as drug-resistant p53-mutant neuroblastoma cells in culture, it induces apoptosis by inhibiting N-Myc and upregulating RKIP in neuroblastoma. Didymin possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer properties.