Canabinóides

<p>GW405833 hydrochloride, a potent and selective agonist of the cannabinoid-2 (CB2) receptor (EC 50 = 0.65 nM; maximum inhibition = 44.6%), exhibits significant antihyperalgesic effects in various rodent pain models [1] [2] [3].</p>

<p>Tedalinab is an effective and selective cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist.</p>

<p>2-Arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), a natural endocannabinoid ligand for the CB1 receptor, was isolated from porcine brain and characterized. Its congener, 2-linoleoyl glycerol (2-LG), which has a linoleoyl group instead of an arachidonoyl group, also exists alongside 2-AG in vivo. While 2-LG exhibits low intrinsic activity, it enhances the activity of 2-AG and other endocannabinoids through an "entourage" effect, attributed to the inhibition of breakdown and reuptake pathways that typically decrease endocannabinoid levels post-release.</p>

<p>CB1 antagonist 1 is a CB1 receptor antagonist, used in the research of obesity and metabolic syndrome, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders, and</p>

<p>MRL-650 is an oral, selective CB1 agonist; IC50: CB1=7.5 nM, CB2=4100 nM; anorexigenic effects noted.</p>

<p>(R)-Monlunabant ((R)-MRI-1891) serves as a CB1 receptor antagonist utilized in obesity and metabolic disease research [1].</p>

<p>Amauromine is a peripherally selective and potent cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist, a novel alkaloid with vasodilatory activity.</p>

<p>CB 65 is a high affinity and selective CB2 receptor agonist with Ki values of 3.3 and &gt; 1000 nM for CB2 and CB1 receptors respectively.</p>

<p>GSK-554418A, a novel azaindole CB(2) agonists, is used for the treatment of chronic pain. It is efficacious in the acute model and the chronic joint pain model.</p>

<p>Hemopressin(rat) TFA, a nonapeptide from hemoglobin α1-chain, selectively inhibits CB1 receptors and reduces inflammatory pain.</p>

<p>GP 1a: potent CB2 receptor agonist (EC50=7.1), 30x CB2 over CB1 preference, boosts P-ERK1/2, aids skin healing, anti-inflammatory.</p>

<p>GW 833972A: selective CB2 agonist; reduces neural depolarization and citric acid cough in animals.</p>

<p>Cannabichromevarin is a phytocannabinoid naturally found in very low levels compared to other cannabinoids from which it differs in having a propyl chain in place of a pentyl chain1. Based on its structure, it is believed to act as a potent anandamine inhibitor similarly to cannabichromene, however, the majority of its pharmacological and toxicological properties are currently unknown. In vitro assays have shown cannabichromevarin protect against oxidative stress in vitro in macrophages2. It was recently shown to be effective for treatment-resistant epilepsy in a patented combination with cannabidiol in a recent open-ended clinical trial3.</p>

<p>Taranabant: potent CB1 receptor inverse agonist; inhibits agonists with 0.13 nM Ki in vitro.</p>

<p>MDA77 is a CB2 agonist with an EC50 value of 5.82 nM and exhibits no activity towards CB1.</p>

<p>FDU-PB-22, a novel synthetic cannabinoid, undergoes rapid metabolism in human liver microsomes (HLM) with a half-life of 12.4 minutes.</p>

<p>1'-Naphthoyl-2-methylindole (Compound 88) acts as a cannabinoid mimic and an inhibitor of Win 55212-2, displaying a 34% inhibition of [3H]Win 55212-2 binding to cannabinoid receptors at a concentration of 3 μM.</p>

<p>MDA7 is a selective agonist of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), demonstrating an EC50 of 128 nM in human CB2 receptors and 67.4 nM in rat CB2 receptors. The compound exhibits good affinity for CB2 receptors, with Ki values of 422 nM for humans and 238 nM for rats. In rat models, MDA7 shows analgesic activity.</p>

<p>CBR Agonist-2: CB1 receptor agonist, EC50 - 960 nM, Ki - 970 nM, useful for hCB1R-related disease research.</p>

<p>CBR Agonist-1 targets CB1R and CB2R with Ki of 0.18 μM and 1.22 μM, useful for studying cannabinoid-related diseases.</p>

<p>AM8936: potent CB1 agonist, EC50 rCB1=8.6nM/hCB1=1.4nM, Ki rat CB1=0.55nM; potential for CNS, metabolic, pain, glaucoma research.</p>

<p>GAT564, an allosteric CB1R modulator, shows EC50s of 87 nM (cAMP) &amp; 320 nM (β-arrestin2) and lowers IOP effectively in glaucoma mice.</p>

<p>Bzo-poxizid is a synthetic cannabinoid and a psychoactive substance.</p>

<p>HU 433, a synthetic cannabinoid, acts as a CB2 receptor agonist and is an enantiomer of HU 308. It provides anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by binding to the CB2 receptor, primarily found on immune cells, thereby modulating immune responses and inflammation. Additionally, HU 433 influences microglial signaling pathways, particularly LPS and IFNγ-mediated routes, affecting the phosphorylation of MAPKs, including ERK1/2, JNK, p38, and Akt. This compound is valuable in researching neuroinflammation and retinal diseases.</p>

<p>CB1/2 receptor-1 (compound 5.3) serves as an agonist for CB1/2 receptors and is utilized in angiogenesis research.</p>

<p>CB1 antagonist 4 is an inverse agonist of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) with an IC50 of 0.4 nM. It can reduce body weight, improve plasma inflammatory markers, and enhance glucose homeostasis [1].</p>

<p>AB-FUBINACA 3-fluorobenzyl isomer is a synthetic cannabinoid and an indazole derivative, exhibiting high affinity for central CB1 receptors (Ki= 0.9 nM) and possessing anticonvulsant activity.</p>

<p>Compound 29 is a potent, CB2-selective antagonist/reverse agonist. Derivatives 23 &amp; 24 offer antinociception; 24 activates cannabinoid/TRPV1 receptors.</p>

<p>BNS808 is an orally active, selective CB1R antagonist with an IC50 of 0.8 nM, demonstrating significant selectivity for CB2R and minimal brain penetration. It is being studied for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic complications, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). BNS808 reduces drug exposure to the central nervous system, enhancing safety, and minimizes drug interactions through high plasma protein binding.</p>

<p>MDMB-FUBICA is a potent agonist of the cannabinoid receptors and exhibits psychoactive properties. It can be utilized in e-cigarettes.</p>

<p>HU-308, a synthetic cannabinoid analogue, is a highly selective agonist of the CB2 receptor. It demonstrates an affinity for the CB2 receptor that is over 440 times greater than its affinity for the CB1 receptor, which are predominantly found in immune cells. This compound plays a crucial role in modulating the immunosuppressive effects of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Additionally, HU-308 possesses anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, and it regulates the function of microglia. Its potential applications include research into neuroinflammation and retinal diseases.</p>

<p>BAY 38-7271: potent neuroprotective, selective CB1/CB2 agonist, Ki of 1.85 nM (CB1) &amp; 5.96 nM (CB2).</p>

<p>O-1269 acts as a partial agonist for the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), with a binding affinity (Ki) of 32 nM. Additionally, it exhibits analgesic properties.</p>

<p>Potent CB1/2 agonist 1; crosses blood-brain barrier; anti-inflammatory, analgesic; for multiple sclerosis research.</p>

<p>(Rac)-Zevaquenabant ((Rac)-MRI-1867, compound 6b) is a potent and selective antagonist of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), with a binding affinity (Ki) of 5.7 nM for CB1R. It holds promise as an investigative tool in liver fibrosis research due to these characteristics.</p>

<p>WIN 55,212-2 Mesylate ((R)-(+)-WIN 55212) is a potent aminoalkylindole cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist with Kis of 62.3 and 3.3 nM for human recombinant CB1 and CB2 receptors, respectively. Cannabinoid analogue WIN 55,212-2 Mesylate exhibited a novel anticancer effect against human tumors.</p>

<p>AM-2232 (UNII-40KCH8YIKP) is a potent and unselective agonist of the cannabinoid receptors.</p>

<p>In the central nervous system, 2-Arachidonoylglycerol is a second endogenous cannabinoid ligand</p>

<p>AEF0117 is a signaling inhibitor of CB1-SSi that inhibits cannabinoid self-administration and can be used to study cannabis withdrawal.</p>