Lípidos

Applications (R,S,R)-2-Acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)-imidazole (THI) inhibits sphinogosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase for treatment of autoimmune disorders.
References Zhang, H., et al.: Tetrahedron, 69, 4041 (2013); Bagdanoff, J.T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 8650 (2010); Bagdanoff, J.T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 3941 (2009)

Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. It is formed from Cholesterol by the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P 450 3A4. A potential ligand for the nuclear receptor LXR and also a new endogenous CYP3A marker.
References Breuer, O., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 2275 (1995), Pikuleva, I., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 18153 (1998), Chawla, A., et al.: Science, 294, 1866 (2001), Bodin, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38685 (2001),

Applications Allolithocholic acid is used as steroid compound as T regulatory lymphocyte modulators and uses for treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune disorders.
References Littman, D. R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. 160pp. (2020)

Applications A sterol, similar to cholesterol and is a substrate for the sterol 27-hydroxylase enzyme in the bile salt synthetic pathway. The accumulation of this compound in urine can manifest as jaundice or, in more extreme cases, is a sign of Xanthomatosis.
References Honda, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 34579 (2001), Krasowski, M., et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 19, 1720 (2005), Mast, N., et al.: Biochem., 45, 4396 (2006),

Applications Labelled Sitosterol (S497050). A common sterol in plants. Isolated from wheat germ oil, corn oil. Antilipemic. Used in the treatment of prostatic adenoma.
References Tanaka, et al.: J. Biochem., 17, 483 (1933), Nigro, N.D., et al.: J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 69, 103 (1982),

Applications A biologically active, cell permeable, but nonphysiologic ceramide analog. It stimulates protein phosphatase 2A at concentrations as low as 10 nM and activiates MAP kinase. It induces apoptosis and inhibits glycoproptein traffic by the secretory pathway.
References Liu, Z., et al.: J. Neurochem., 106, 2463 (2008), Heakal, Y., et al.: Mol. Cancer Res., 7, 724 (2009), Chen-Quay, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 606 (2009), Mahdy, A., et al.: Mol. Ther., 17, 430 (2009),

Applications 11-Dehydrocorticosterone is a precursor to corticosterone (C695700), converted by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) which plays a role in glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance.
References Morgan, S. et al.: Diabetes, 58, 2506 (2009);

Applications 12-Hydroxystearic Acid is used in edible vegetable oils and organogels.
References Rogers, M. et al.: Soft. Matt., 4, 1483 (2008); Hughes, N. et al.: Trends. Food. Sci. Tech., 20, 470 (2009);

Applications (11Z)-11-Eicosenoic Acid, is a monostaturated fatty acid. The combined C20:1 isomers constitute 70% of the total fatty acid pool in jojoba seed oil isolated from plants in the Arizona desert.
References Miwa, T.K. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 48(6), 259-264 (1971).;

Applications Involved in cell regulation, and transmembrane signaling. A putative lipid second messenger, connected via Protein Kinase C to the phosphatidylinositol-derived second messengers for signal transduction.
References Kratzer, B. and Schmidt, R.R.: Liebigs Ann., 955-963 (1995)

Applications Cholesterol analog. Useful for treatment of hyperlipemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, obesity.
References Watson, K., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 93, 2106 (1994), Wada, T., et al.: Circ. Res., 84, 166 (1999), Engelse, M., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 52, 281 (2001), Landis, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 4713 (2002),

Applications Production of ceramide occurs upon hydrolysis of sphingomyelin by a specific isoform of phospholipase C, appropriately named sphingomyelinase.
References Gu, Q, et al.: Anal. Biochem., 244, 347 (1997), Perry, D.K., et al.: Trends Cardiovasc. Med., 6, 158 (1996), Clayton, R.B., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 15, 557 (1974),

Applications Sodium oleate (cas# 143-19-1) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 8-Dehydrocholesterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of Zymostenol, which is the derivative of Zymosterol (Z701520), an sterol intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol (C432501).
References Roland, E.D., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 278 (1989); Echevarria, F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 265, 8484 (1990); Baranovskii, A.V., et al.: Russian. J. Bioorg. Chem., 28, 250 (2002); Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934);

Applications (3β,5β)-3-Hydroxycholan-24-oic acid has been used for the study of the activation of β1 subunit-​containing BK channels with respect to the structure of monohydroxylated bile acids.
References Bukiya, A.N., ey al.: J. Lipid. Res., 49, 2441-2451 (2008)

Applications (2α,3β)-2,3-Dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic Acid influences inflammatory gene expression regarding inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, its extracted from the plants Gentiana farreri and shows anti-tumor activity
References Mueller, D. et al.: Food Chem., 139, 339 (2013); Thilakarathna, S. et al.: Food Chem., 138, 463 (2013); Yang, A. et al.: Adv. Mat. Res., 554, 1682 (2012);

Applications One of two major component of bacterial Lipid A .
References Jenske, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 11578 (2008), Six, D., et al.: Biochem., 47, 8623 (2008),

Applications Glycidyl Myristate is formed from monoacylglycerols and are present in edible fats and oils.
References Zuzana, Z et al.: 77, 65 (2017);