Moduladores GABA

Stability Light and Moisture Sensitive
Applications rac-Kavain is the main kavalactone found in the roots of the kava plant. Kavain is known to exhibit anticonvulsive properties by attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels. rac-Kavain was shown in recent research to exhibit protective properties on anaerobic glycolysis, ATP content and intracellular calcium and sodium of anoxic brain vesicles.
References Gleitz, J., et al: Neuropharmacol., 35, 1743 (1997); Hashimoto, T., et al.: Phytomedicine, 10, 309 (2003); Mulholland, P.J., et al.: Brain. Res., 945, 106 (2002);

Applications Lamotrigine 3,3-Dimer is a dimer impurity of the anticonvulsant Lamotrigine (L173250).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications Levetiracetam-d6 is a labelled (S)-enantiomer of the ethyl analog of Piracetam (P500800), an anticonvulsant.
References Gower, A.J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 222, 193 (1992), Kasteleijn-Noist Trenite, D.G.A., et al.: Epilepsy Res., 25, 225 (1996), Patsalos, P.N., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 85, 77 (2000),

Applications 4-Methylimidazole is a monomethylated imidazole that can be used as a building block in the preparation of a wide range of biologically active compounds. 4-Methylimidazole is a product which results from the interaction of reducing sugars with ammonia. 4-Methylimidazole showed convulsant activity in animals and is listed as a possible carcinogen.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Nishie, K. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 301 (1969): Cunha, S.C. et al.: J. Food Comp. Anal., 24, 609 (2011); Chan, P.C. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 82, 55 (2008);

Stability Very Hygroscopic
Applications PD 224378 is a lactose conjugate degradation product of pregabalin (P704800), a GABA analogue used as an anticonvulsant.
References Lovdahl, M.J., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 28, 917 (2002);

Applications Potassium bromide is an ionic compound that is commonly used in chemistry to form a pellet that can be used to analyze a number of compounds by means of infrared spectroscopy. Potassium bromide is also used as an anticonvulsant to treat refractory seizures in humans and dogs.
References Kirkland, J.: Anal. Chem., 27, 1537 (1955); Korinthenberg, R., et al.: J. Child Neuro., 22, 414 (2007); Wilberley, S., et al.: Anal. Chem., 29, 210 (1957); Yohn, S., et al.: J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass., 201, 468 (1992)

Applications Anticholinergic. Antispasmodic.
References Fujita, et al.: J. Labelled Compd., 9, 149 (1972), Tanaka, et al.: J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn., 92, 510 (1972), Kawamoto H., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 1475 (1985),

Impurity Clozapine EP Impurity D
Applications [2-[(2-Amino-4-chlorophenyl)amino]phenyl](4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methanone (Clozapine EP Impurity D) is used in the synthesis of substituted dibenzodiazepines. Also an impurity in the synthesis of Clozepine (C587500), an antipsychotic.
References Stille, et al: Farnaco, Ed. Prat., 26, 603 (1971), Hane, J.M., et al.: Psychopharmacol. Bull., 24, 62 (1988), Meltzer, H.Y.: J. Clin. Psychiatry, 55, Suppl. B, 47 (1994)

Applications 6-Amino-5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4(3H,5H)-pyrimidinedione is an impurity of Pentobarbital (P276000), an sedative and hypnotic.

Applications The major metabolite of Clonazepam (C587080).
References Clark, D., et al.: Drugs, 29, 342 (1985), Colmenero, J., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 2798 (1994), Grant, D., et al.: Pharmacology, 61, 204 (2000), Negrusz, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 376, 1198 (2003),

Impurity Fluorouracil EP Impurity A
Applications Barbituric Acid (Fluorouracil EP Impurity A) is a parent compound of barbiturate drugs. Unsubstituted barbituric acid has no hypnotic properties.
References Luo, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 3846 (2010), Tomasic, T., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 45, 1667 (2010), Gilbert, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 636 (2010),

Applications Brallobarbital is a barbiturate derivative and the brominated analogue of Allobarbital (A544500). Brallobarbital has sedative and hypnotic properties and was used for the treatment of insomnia.Brallobarbital is a Controlled Substance.
References Maurer, H.H.: J. Chrom Biomed. Appl., 530, 307 (1990); Wollheim, F.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 15, 1 (1958); Hermans, R.B. et al.: Pharmac. Week., 102, 1123 (1967):

Applications Controlled substance (depressant). Anxiolytic. Prototype of the benzodiazepine anxiolytics.
References MacDonald, A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 15 (1972), Greenblatt, D.J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 3, 381 (1978),

Applications Controlled substance (depressant). Anxiolytic. Prototype of the benzodiazepine anxiolytics.
References MacDonald, A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 15 (1972); Greenblatt, D.J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 3, 381 (1978);