Nucleosídeos e Nucleotídeos

<p>Applications Dopamine labeled biotin (LB) was used as a bifunctional compound to mediate the oxidation of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).<br>References Anderson, L., et al.: Clin. Microbiol., 19, 934 (1984), Bayer, E., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 161, 262 (1987), Harmon, F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 255, 9458 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Azathioprine (A803350). An immunosuppressive antimetabolite. Also active as disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).<br>References Mitrou, P.S., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 29, 483, 662 (1979), Ding, T.L., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 7, 373 (1979), Chan, G.L.C., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 7, 165 (1987), Sandborn, W.J., et al.: : Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 33, Suppl. 225, 92 (1998,)<br></p>

<p>Stability Freezer<br>Applications An intermediate used for the synthesis of 6-substituted purine ribosides.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine is a potent inhibitor of the subgenomic hepatitis C virus replicon in Huh-7 cells. 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine has been shown to inhibit Borna Disease virus replication and spread.<br>References Stuyver, L.J. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 651 (2004); Bajramovic, J.J. et al.: Antiomicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 1422 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Capecitabine 2-O-BDR Impurity (USP)<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Capecitabine (C175650) impurity. Capecitabine 2-O-BDR Impurity (USP).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Emtricitabine Triphosphate Triethylammonium Salt is a metabolite of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000).<br>References Barditch-Crovo, P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 45, 2733 (2001); Ray, A., et al.: Antivir .Ther., 10, 451 (2005); Borroto-Esoda, K., et al.: Antivir. Ther., 11, 377 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5’-O-Benzoyl Ribavirin is an impurity of Ribavirin (R414475). Ribavirin impurity E.<br>References Zakharieva., et al.: Bioorganic. Medicinal. Chem., 1994, 4, 2831 (1994), Reichard., et al.: The Lancet, 351, 83 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications The 2-epi-enantiomer analogue of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000) evaluated against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells.<br>References Jeong, L.S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 2627 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications D-Melphalan is an isomer of melphalan (M216900), which is an antineoplastic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ross, W.C.J., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 13, 969 (1964); Donelli, M.G., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 18, 760 (1966), Furner, R.L., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rep., 64, 559 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Capecitabine (C175650) impurity.<br></p>

<p>Applications Emtricitabine N,N’-Methylene Dimer is a derivative compound of Emtricitabine (E525000), a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is effective antiviral agent against HIV, and other viruses replicating in a similiar manner. A nucleoside analog structurally related to Lamivudine (L172500).<br>References FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. InfecSchinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: . Dis., 182, 599 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-O-Trityl-2,3’-anhydrothymidine (cas# 25442-42-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity D<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications ent-Lamivudine (Lamivudine EP Impurity D) is an enantiomer of Lamivudine (L172500); an antiviral that inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase.<br>References Pepe, G. et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 31, 775 (1996); Marr, E. et al.: Antiviral Res., 28, 1 (1995); Parikh, U.M. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 49, 1139 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 5-Methylcytidine is a derivative of Cytidine (C998300), found in ribonucleic acids of animals, plants and bacteria. 5-Methylcytidine is a nucleoside found in liver emulsion that can inhibit the growth of spontaneous tumors of mammary gland origin in mice. 5-Methylcytidine is one of many nucleosides that can be used as biomedical marker using liquid chromatography and ion trap mass spectrometry coupling.<br>References Kammerer, B., et al.: Anal. Biol. Chem., 382, 1017 (2005); Strong, L. and Matsunaga, H.: J. Surg. Oncol., 4, 528 (1972)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity J<br>Applications (2R-cis)-1-[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (Lamivudine EP Impurity J) is an impurity of Lamivudine (L172500). (2R-cis)-1-[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione is also being further studied to determine its potential as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Gemcitabine (G305000) derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glucono-1,5-lactone is the lactone derivative of L-gluconic acid.<br>References Fuhrhop, J. H., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 7437 (1991); Szarek, W.A., et al.: Canadian. J. Chem., 62, 671 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Emtricitabine Impurity 14<br>Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of Emtricitabine (E525000). A reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner. A nucleoside analog structurally related to Lamivudine (L172500). Emtricitabine Impurity 14.<br>References Schinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. Infec. Dis., 182, 599 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Possesses antiviral activity. It is an inhibitor of leukocyte adhesion to TNF-treated endothelial cells.<br>References Jurgensen, C.H., et al.: J. Immunol., 144, 653 (1990), Flexner, C.W., et al.: Lancet, 339, 438 (1992), Reddy, M., et al.: Prot. Sci., 17 2134 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Acyclovir L-Leucinate is an amino acid ester of the antiherpetic agent, Acyclovir (A192400). It is the Leucine analogue of Valacyclovir (V085000).<br>References Burnette, T. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 270, 15827 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications A vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.<br>References Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010), Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010), Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010), McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ganciclovir EP Impurity A<br>Applications 9-[[2-chloroprop-2-en-1-yl)oxy]methyl]guanine (Ganciclovir EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Ganciclovir (G235000).<br></p>

<p>Impurity Capecitabine EP Impurity D<br>Applications 5'-Deoxy-5-fluoro-N-[(2-methylbutoxy)carbonyl]cytidine (Capecitabine EP Impurity D) is a Capecitabine analog which shows antitumor activity.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Dapagliflozin Impurity<br>Applications Ent-α-C Dapagliflozin is an enantiomer of Dapagliflozin (D185370), a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.<br>References Kasichayanula, S. et al.: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 13, 47 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of 5-Azacytidine. This compound contains sodium chloride and water.<br>References Lee, T., et al.: Cancer Res., 34, 2482 ( (1974), Drake, J.C., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 29, 807 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ganciclovir derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications Sofosbuvir (R)-Phosphate is an impurity of PSI-7977 (P839640), a prodrug that is metabolized to the active antiviral agent 2'-deoxy-2'-α-fluoro-β-C-methyluridine-5'-monophosphate and is currently being investigated in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of hepatitis C. Studies have profiled PSI-7977 as a nucleotide inhibitor of hepatitis C virus, exerting selective inhibitory effects towards HCV NS5B polymerase.<br>References Lam, A.M.,et al.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemotherapy., 56, 3359 (2012); Lam, A.M., et al.: J. Virol., 85, 12334 (2011); Sofia, M.J., et al.: J. Medn. Chem., 53, 7202 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluorouracil EP Impurity B; Fluorouracil USP Related Compound B<br>Applications A 5-hydroxy derivative of the nucleobase Uracil (U801000) and an isomer of Barbituric Acid (B118650). Studies show that it can form stable base pairs with all four bases in a DNA duplex. It has been used as oxidative DNA damage biomarker in tissue engineered skin. Fluorouracil EP Impurity B. Fluorouracil USP Related Compound B<br>References Varatharasa T. et al.: Chem. Comm., 3, 400 (2005); Jaruga, P. et al.: Nucleic Acid Res., 24, 1389 (1996); Rodriguez, H. et al.: Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 534, 129 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 5-Methyl Uridine. A primary degradation product of tRNA, an urinary nucleoside as biological marker for patients with colorectal cancer.<br>References Borek, E., et al.: Cancer Res., 37, 3362 (1977), Sander, G., et al.: Clin. Sci.,71, 367 (1986), Sander, G., et al.: Ann. Nutr. Metab., 30, 137 (1986), Rasmuson, T., et al.: Acta Oncol., 34, 61 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Valganociclovir EP Impurity J<br>Applications Ganciclovir Mono-O-propionate is a potential prodrug of Ganciclovir (G235000). Ganciclovir Mono-O-propionate was also found to exhibit anti-viral activity through experimental studies.<br>References Dias, C.S., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 91, 660 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gemcitabine intermediate.<br>References Balzarini, J., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 1988, 37, 2847 (1988), Hertel, L., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 4417 (1990), Marquez, V., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 978 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Abacavir EP Impurity C; Abacavir USP Related Compound A<br>Applications Descyclopropyl Abacavir (Abacavir EP Impurity C; Abacavir Related Compound A) is an intermediate of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Inhibitor of enzyme. It is used for Phosphodiesterase Substrate.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Preuss, C.V., Biochem. Pharmacol., 51, 1661 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity B<br>Applications 2’-Epi-Lamivudine (Lamivudine EP Impurity B) is an epimer of Lamivudine (L172500); an antiviral that inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase.<br>References Lin, T. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 1757 (1996); Schinazi, R.F. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,36, 672 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Capecitabine EP Impurity E<br>Applications 5'-Deoxy-5-fluoro-N-[(3-methylbutoxy)carbonyl]cytidine (Capecitabine EP Impurity E) is a 5'-Desoxycytidine derivative and is used as an antitumor agent.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Penciclovir Impurity F<br>Applications 6-Chloro Desacetyl Famciclovir is a prodrug of Penciclovir (P221500); an antiviral.<br>References Weinberg, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2037 (1992); McMeekin, J.R., et al.: Anal. Proc., 29, 178 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiester<br>References Voegtli, W., et al.: Biochemistry, 39, 15365 (2000), Bernstein, N., et al.: Mol. Cell, 17, 657 (2005), Blondal, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 5188 (2005), Shenoy, A., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 365, 211 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Folic acid dihydrate<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,5,6-Triamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone Sulfate is used in the preparation of guanines and other purine derivatives with antiviral activities.<br>References Hemmati, S. et al.: Int. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 9 (2004); Chetsanga, C.J. et al.: Chem.-Biol. inter., 58, 117 (1986);<br></p>