Sulfonamidas e Derivados

<p>Applications The major labelled metabolite of Ibuprofen; may reduce the risk of cataract by protecting lenticular enzymes.<br>References Bhuyan, K., et al.: Life Sci., 38, 1463 (1986), Blakytny, R., et al.: Biochem. J., 288, 303 (1992),Ganea, E., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 231, 181 (1995), Mitchell, J., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 128, 1121 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Acemetacin EP Impurity A / Bezafibrate EP Impurity B<br>Applications A benzoic acid analogue that showed antifungal activity against strains of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus terreus, causative agents of human aspergillosis, in in vitro bioassays. It is used as a preservative.<br>References Rep, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 8290 (2000), Jaeger, T., et al.: Biofactors, 27, 109 (2006), Kim, J., et al.: Fungal Biology, 114, 817 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Used as a reference standard for the drug Trimethoprim.Note this compound is a cis / trans mixture.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ibuprofen EP Impurity L<br>Applications 1-Hydroxy Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen EP Impurity L) is a degradation product of Ibuprofen.<br>References Forrest, J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 7(2), 93 (1982), Shockcor, J., et al.: Xenobiotica, 26, 189 (1996), Nicholls, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 975 (2001), Holmes, E., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 87, 1 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Dapsone (D193250).<br>References Shin, I., et al.: J. App. Pharmacol., 10, 193 (2002), Bhaiya, P., et al.: Toxicol. App. Pharmacol., 215, 158 (2006), Paixao, P., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 36, 544 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfonamide antiseizure agent; blocks repetitive firing of voltagesensitive sodium channels and reduces voltage-sensitive T-type calcium currents. Heterocyclic methanesulfonide with anticonvulsant properties. The compound is under investigation for potential therapeutic use as an antiepileptic drug. Anticonvulsant. Neuroprotective &amp; Neuroresearch Product.<br>References Masuda, Y., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 30, 477 (1980), Hammond, E.J., et al.: Gen. Pharmacol., 18, 303 (1987), Schmidt, D., et al.: Epilepsy Res., 15, 67 (1993), Sorkin, E.M., et al.: Drugs, 45, 760 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An active metabolite of Glimepiride (G410150).<br>References Groop, L., et al.: Diabetes Care, 15, 737 (1992), Muller, G., et al.: Diabetes, 42, 1852 (1993), Kramer, W., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 119, 278 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetaminophen Mercapurate Disodium Salt is a metabolite of Acetaminophen (A161220), an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1,2).<br>References (1) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)(2) Potter, D.W. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 29, 155 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ibuprofen-d3 Acyl-β-D-glucuronide (mixture of diastereomers) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled p-Phenetidine (P296300). A toxic metabolite of Phenacetin (P294580) which exhibits high renal toxicity. p-Phenetidine also reduced COX-1 and COX-2 expression in neutrophils.<br>References Green, C., et al.: Br. Med. J., 1, 162 (1969), Nelson, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 25, 753 (1982), Nicholls, A., et al.: Xenobiotica, 27, 1175 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Sulfasalazine (S699084). An anti-inflammatory (gastrointestinal). Sulfasalazine has been used in granulomatous colitis.<br>References Schroder, H., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.,13, 539 (1972), McDonnell, J.P., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 5, 515 (1976), Klotz, U., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet.,10, 285 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Brinzolamide O-Desmethyl Impurity<br>Applications O-Desmethyl Brinzolamide is a derivative of Brinzolamide (B677601), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as an ocular topical treatment for patients experiencing intraocular pressure. Brinzolamide reduces pressure by reducing the rate of aqueous humour formation.<br>References Cvetkovic, R. &amp; Perry, C.: Drugs &amp; Aging, 20, 919 (2003); Ermis, S., et al.: Eye, 19, 303 (2005); Silver, L., et al.: Surv. Ophthalmol., 44, S147 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibacterial. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Manius, G.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 445 (1978), Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 379 (1980), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 23, 405 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications A major active metabolite related to the adverse effects of Sulfasalazine in human serum.<br>References Stenson, W., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 69, 494 (1982), Bissonnette, E., et al.: J. Immunol., 156, 218 (1996), Hirohata, S., et al.: J. Neurol. Sci., 67, 115 (1985), Pullar, T., et al.: Br. Med. J., 290, 1535 (1985), Ireland, A., et al.: Clin. Sci., 78, 119 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications A potential impurity in Ibuprofen (I140000). A degradation product of Ibuprofen arising from oxidative and thermal treatments.<br>References Heikkinen, L., et al.: Acta Pharm. Fenn., 92, 275 (1983), Kepp, D., et al.: Pharm Res., 5, 676 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications O-Methyl Chlorthalidone is an impurity of Chlorthalidone (C427500), a diuretic and antihypertensive agent.<br>References Quaglia, M.G., et al.: J. Chromatograph., 456, 435 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylindoline is an intermediate in the production of various indole derivatives<br>References Severino, B., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 6009 (2008); Zlotos, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 826 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications S-Methyl-d3-thioacetaminophen is deuterium labeled S-Methyl-3-thioacetaminophen (M330610), a metabolite of Acetaminophen (A161220). Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1,2,3).<br>References (1) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)(2) Fairbrother, J.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 1 (1974) (3) Hinson, J.A., et al.: Rev. Biochem. Toxicol., 2, 103 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory with long half-life. Cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Clinically useful NSAID. Piroxicam may be useful for chemoprevention of solid cancers via inhibition of cyclooxygenase. Statins, which are used clinically for anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and im-provement of bone metabolism, have “remarkable efficiency…as individual drugs or assistant medicines that affect cell viability by inducing apoptosis….”<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Carty, T.J., et al.: Prostaglandins, 47, 55 (1980), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 22, 165 (1981), Mihalic, M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 509 (1986), Laneauville., O., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 271, 927 (1994); AAPS Newsmagazine p.17, July 2016<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Etodolac (E933100). Anti-inflammatory; analgesic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Humber, L.G., et al.: Med. Res. Rev., 7, 1 (1987), Balfour, J.A, et al.: Drugs, 42, 274 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications The isotopically labelled antibacterial drug Sulfamethoxazole (S699086). Sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase.<br>References Rudy, B.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 2, 467 (1973), Wormser, G.P., et al.: Drugs, 24, 459 (1982), Wharton, M., et al.: Ann. Intern. Med., 105, 37 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfamethoxazole-13C6 is the isotope labelled analog of Sulfamethoxazole (S699086). An antibacterial drug. Sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase.<br>References Rudy, B.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 2, 467 (1973), Wormser, G.P., et al.: Drugs, 24, 459 (1982), Wharton, M., et al.: Ann. Intern. Med., 105, 37 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Glipizide EP Impurity B<br>Applications Cyclohexylamine (Glipizide EP Impurity B) is a building block for pharmaceuticals that has been used for the preparation of paromomycin analogs to be used as aminogycoside antibiotics.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rosenblum, I., Rosenblum, G.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharm., 12, 260 (1968); Hanessian, S., et. al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 2352 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Trichlormethiazide, is a diuretic, having similar properties as Hydrochlorothiazide (H714560). It is used for the treatment of oedema (including that which is associated with heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis and corticosteroid therapy) and hypertension.<br>References Imamura, T., et al.: International Heart J., 54(1), 48 (2013); Takahashi, Y., et al.: Cardiovas. Diabetology, 10(1), 45 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Salmeterol EP Impurity B<br>Applications A novel antibacterial analog of the antibacterial drug Sulfamethoxazole (S699086).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Diuretic.<br>References Vitale, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 5990 (2009), Bell, H., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 297, R370 (2009), Maresca, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 4929 (2009), Liu, Y., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 395, 591 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ibuprofen 1,4-Sorbitan Ester is an impurity of the drug Ibuprofen (I140000), a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, PGH synthase-1 and PGH synthase-2.<br>References Busson, M., et al.: J. Int. Med Res., 14, 53 (1986), Meade, E.A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268, 6610 (1993), Davies, N.M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 34, 101 (1998); (4) Chem. and Eng. News p9, July 4 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Limaprost is an analog of Prostaglandin E1 with structural modifications intended to give it a prolonged half-life and greater potency. Limaprost is used as an antianginal.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tsuboi, T., et al.: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 247, 89 (1980), Adaikan, P.G., et al.: Prostaglandins Med., 6, 449 (1981), Kottegoda, S.R., et al.: Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Med., 8, 343 (1982), Ishizaki, T., et al.: Chest, 85, 382 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Glipizide (G410225). A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent. Used as an antidiabetic.<br>References Ambrogi, et al.: Arzneimittel-Forsch., 21, 200 (1971), Fuccella, et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 13, 68 (1973), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 329 (1979), Lebovitz, H.E., et al.: Pharmacother., 5, 63 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications Rimsulfuron is used as a pesticide.<br>References Pennington, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1119 (2005), Wang, S., et al.: Food Control., 18, 731 (2007), Wolters, A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 405, 269 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ibuprofen EP Impurity A<br>Applications m-Isobutyl Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen EP Impurity A) is an Ibuprofen (I140000) impurity used in the study of potent noncompetitive interleukin-8 inhibitors.<br>References Moriconi, A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 3984 (2007); Allegretti, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 4312 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications: Has been used as antiseptic, anthelmintic and counter-irritant in alopecia.<br>Dangerous Goods Info: Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Diggle, S., et al.: Chem. Biol., 13, 701 (2006), Tashiro, Y., et al.: J. Bacteriol.,190, 3969 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications The main metabolite of Nimesulide (N477500).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Facino, R.M., et al.: Drugs, 46 (Suppl1),15 (1993), Westphal, J., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 33, 387 (1994), Castell, J., et al.: Cell Biol. Toxicol., 13, 331 (1997), Georges, H., et al.: Life Sci., 65, 151 (1999), Singla, A.K., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 52, 467 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Acetaminophen-d3 Sulfate Potassium Salt is a deuterium labeled metabolite of Acetaminophen (A161220) (1,2,3).<br>References (1) Lloyd, A., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 52, 413 (1961)(2) Purohit, A., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 86, 423 (2003) (3) Winum, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 2197 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a labelled non-nutritive sweetener; pharmaceutic aid (flavor). Saccharin was formerly listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; delisted because the cancer data are not sufficient to meet the current criteria for this listing.<br>References Taylor, J.D., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 6, 313 (1968), Arnold, D.L., et al.: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 4, 674 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloronicotinic Acid is used in the preparation of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives and Schiff bases displaying antimicrobial activity.<br>References Patel, N. et al.: Saudi Pharm. J., 18, 129 (2010); Patel, N. et al.: J. Sci. Islam Repub. Iran., 21, 121 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxyacetaminophen-d3 is deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyacetaminophen (H714750). 3-Hydroxyacetaminophen is a metabolite of Acetaminophen (A161220), an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1,2,3).<br>References (1) Chen, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 4543 (2008)(2) Reith, D., et al.: Clin. Exper. Pharmacol. Physiol., 36, 35 (2009) (3) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acemetacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and used to treat rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders (1,2).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Jacobi, H. and Dell, H. D.: Arzneimittelforschung 30, 1398 (1980) (2) Moore, R. A., et al.: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 8,CD007589 (2009)<br></p>