APIs para pesquisa e impurezas

Regorafenib metabolite M2 oxide (M2O) is a cancer drug that is an inhibitor of multikinase. It was developed as a prodrug for regorafenib, which is used to treat patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and has been shown to be effective against other cancers, such as lung and pancreatic cancer. M2O inhibits the efflux of drugs from cells by binding to the transporter protein P-glycoprotein. This prevents the accumulation of toxic concentrations of regorafenib in cells, which are responsible for its side effects, such as diarrhea and liver damage. The uptake of M2O by cells is also inhibited by light and acidic conditions. Oral administration of M2O leads to increased exposure to regorafenib in the body because it is not metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes.

6-O-Desmethyl moxonidine is a drug product that is a metabolite of the parent compound, moxonidine. It has been shown to be an impurity in the API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) and is used as an analytical standard for HPLC. 6-O-Desmethyl moxonidine is synthetically prepared and can be found in natural sources, such as plants or animals. The metabolism studies indicate that the substance is excreted unchanged in urine following oral administration and undergoes extensive hydrolysis in liver microsomes to yield 4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxymethylpiperidinopropyl) piperidine, which is then oxidized to 3-(4-hydroxypiperidinopropyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole. This product may cause skin irritation.

Risperidone carboxylate impurity is an analytical reference standard of risperidone that is used in the research and development, drug development, and production of drugs. It can be used as an impurity standard for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. Risperidone carboxylate impurity has a molecular weight of 514.83 g/mol and a melting point of 200-202°C. Its CAS number is 1346603-86-8. Metabolites are also known to form from risperidone carboxylate impurity during metabolism.

Cis-Tadalafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5, which is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing men with ED to achieve and maintain an erection. Cis-Tadalafil is also used to treat symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) in men. This drug has been shown to be effective in treating PPH by reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving exercise capacity. Cis-Tadalafil belongs to the carboline class of drugs and is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that selectively inhibits cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). This drug has been shown to be highly effective in treating both ED and PPH with minimal side effects.

N-Desacetyl thiocolchicoside is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water, methanol and acetone. It has a molecular weight of 320.2 and an empirical formula of C6H14O5. N-Desacetyl thiocolchicoside is used as an analytical standard for HPLC analysis, as a Research and Development (R&D) material for drug development, and as an impurity standard for the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. This compound has been shown to be a metabolite of thiocolchicoside and structurally similar to the drug product chitinase.

Simvastatin acid is the active form of simvastatin, a drug used to lower blood cholesterol levels. Simvastatin acid inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that converts HMG-CoA to mevalonate. This conversion is a rate-limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol and other lipids. Simvastatin acid binds to polymerase chain and drug transporter proteins, which leads to cell lysis. The concentration–time curve for simvastatin acid is linear and the half-life is approximately 12 hours. When simvastatin acid is administered with drugs that are potent inducers of CYP3A4 or UGT1A1 enzymes, there may be an increased risk for drug interactions. Simvastatin acid has shown no significant human pharmacokinetic interactions with food or grapefruit juice at doses up to 200 mg/day. There are limited data on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin

2-(2-Amino-5-bromobenzoyl)pyridine (2ABBP) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C10H7BrN3. It is a glucuronide conjugate of 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid and has been used as an immunological reagent in the form of a monoclonal antibody. 2ABBP binds to dryopteris, which is a plant species that contains polyphenols called pteridines. 2ABBP has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in rat liver microsomes and cell culture experiments. The mechanism of action may involve inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes, which are involved in prostaglandin synthesis. 2ABBP also binds to human serum albumin and chaperones, proteins that bind other proteins or small molecules. The biological activity of 2ABBP may be due to its ability to form coval

N-Benzyl albuterol is a drug product that is custom synthesized to be of high purity with an analytical standard. It is used in research and development, pharmaceutical development, and as a pharmacopoeia or analytical standard. N-Benzyl albuterol has been found to be a metabolite of the drug product Albuterol Sulfate. It is also used in metabolism studies and natural product research. The CAS number for this compound is 24085-03-8.

Roflumilast impurity A is a metabolite of roflumilast. It is a drug product that is used as an analytical standard for the determination of roflumilast in HPLC analysis. Roflumilast impurity A is not natural and is synthetic. It has been shown to be a substrate for CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes. Studies have shown that it may be involved in the metabolism of roflumilast through hydroxylation and deamination.

Piperacilloic acid is a synthetic compound that exhibits antibacterial activity. It has been shown to be effective against human pathogens, including urothelial carcinoma and human serum. Piperacilloic acid binds to the amino acids lysine and arginine in bacterial proteins and inhibits protein synthesis by inhibiting the function of enzymes that require these amino acids for their activity. The potency of piperacillin is low, but it is activated by hydrolysis in the acidic environment of the stomach or intestinal tract. Piperacilloic acid also has potential as a contraceptive agent because it may inhibit transcriptional regulation of genes that are involved in sperm production.

Acarbose Impurity E is an impurity found in acarbose. It is a natural, API impurity and is a synthetic impurity standard. Acarbose Impurity E has been used in drug development research and development, as well as in the HPLC analysis of acarbose to generate a pharmacopoeia-grade purity standard.

3-Dimethylaminopropyl-2-benzylaminobenzoate hydrochloride is a versatile compound with various characteristics and applications. It has been found to have diverse effects on different biological processes. This compound has shown potential as an antimuscarinic agent, which means it can block the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the body.

Desfluoro ezetimibe is a synthetic cholesterol-lowering drug that inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption. It is chemically synthesized, and the process includes the introduction of fluorine at the 3-position of the C-ring. Desfluoro ezetimibe is not metabolized in humans, but it may be subject to oxidative degradation. The product is also subject to oxidation by light and air, which may result in formation of impurities. The drug substance has been validated as well as its isomers and efficiencies in mass spectrometry detection.

(S)-Rabeprazole sodium is an anticancer drug that acts as a kinase inhibitor. It is an analog of Rabeprazole and has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium inhibits the activity of kinases, which are enzymes that play a key role in cell signaling pathways. This inhibition leads to apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium has been tested against various types of cancer, including Chinese hamster ovary cells and tumor xenografts in mice. It has also been shown to inhibit elastin degradation, which is important for preventing metastasis of cancer cells. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium may be a promising candidate for the development of new anticancer drugs that target specific kinases and proteins involved in cancer cell growth and survival.

N-Nitroso dorzolamide is a chemical compound used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dorzolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Ivermectin impurity I is an analytical standard that is used for pharmacopoeia and custom synthesis. It is a natural metabolite of the drug Ivermectin, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in mice. Ivermectin impurity I binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to muscle paralysis and death. This compound is found in high purity for research and development purposes.

Linagliptin impurity G is an impurity in the drug product Linagliptin. It is a natural substance and its CAS number is 668270-11-9. Impurity G can be synthesized from L-phenylalanine and cyclohexane carboxaldehyde in a two step process. The first step involves the reaction of L-phenylalanine with cyclohexane carboxaldehyde to yield methylcyclohexanecarboxylate, which then undergoes hydrolysis to give phenylcyclohexanol. In the second step, phenylcyclohexanol reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce phenylcyclohexanone, which is then oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to yield impurity G. Impurity G can also be found in the pharmacopoeia as a high purity HPLC standard for linagliptin.

(3S,4R)-Tofacitinib is a rhombic and paramagnetic compound with a Curie point of approximately 10.6°C. It is soluble in nonpolar solvents such as benzene and toluene. (3S,4R)-Tofacitinib has been shown to have magnetic properties that are dependent on the temperature and the frequency of the applied magnetic field. The paramagnetic resonance spectra were observed at 18°C and 32°C, while the paramagnetic resonance spectrum was observed at -2°C. The octahedral interactions are likely due to the presence of six different types of iron ions in the crystal structure.

Pramipexole EP Impurity C is a synthetic impurity that is used as an impurity standard in the manufacture of Pramipexole EP. It is also used as a research and development tool for drug product, custom synthesis, CAS No. 1973461-14-1, and analytical studies. This compound has been shown to be a metabolite of Pramipexole EP and may have pharmacological properties. Pramipexole EP Impurity C has been found to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates.