Oligosaccharides

<p>Neutral pentasasaccharide naturally present in human breast milk</p>

<p>Agarose is a polysaccharide found in red algae, typically Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is a strictly alternating polysaccharide of α-1,3 linked D-galactose and β-1,4 linked L-3,6 anhydrogalactose with occasional sulfation at position 6 of the anhydrogalactose residue. Agaro-oligosaccharides result from cleavage at galactose residues and neoagaro-oligosaccharides from cleavage at 3,6-anhydro residues. Neoagarooctaose is reported to have potential for novel cosmeceuticals.</p>

<p>1,2,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-aDgalactopyranosyl)-Dgalactopyranose is a modified sugar that can be synthesized by the Click chemistry reaction. It has been used in the modification of saccharides and polysaccharides. This product is CAS No. 123809-61-0 and is available for custom synthesis. 1,2,4,6 tetra O acetyl 3 O-(2 3 4 6 tetra O acetyl a D galactopyranosyl) D galactopyranose is a high purity carbohydrate with glycosylation and fluorination.<br>END&gt; END&gt;</p>

<p>Blend of sucrose esters with fatty acid esters from coconut oil used in Cosmetic industry applications.</p>

Blood group antigen conjugated to spacer and biotin

<p>Sodium alginate is the sodium salt of a polysaccharide obtained from brown seaweeds. The main use for alginate is in textile printing as a thickener in the printing of cottons with reactive dyes. In the food industry it is used as a thickener and gelling agent. The chemical structure consists of blocks of (1,4) linked-β-D-polymannuronic acid (poly M), (1,4) linked-α-L-polyguluronic acid (poly G) and alternating blocks of the two uronic acids (poly MG).</p>

<p>Monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose II is a tetraol that is used as a reagent in the synthesis of enantioenriched and synthetically tetrasaccharidic products. Monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose II can be obtained by the reaction of Grignard reagents with glucose or by stereoselective reduction of an alpha, beta unsaturated ketone. The presence of the glucose residue in Monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose II makes it an acceptor for esterification reactions. This compound has chiral centers due to its two stereogenic centers at C2 and C3, which are both beta positions on the glucose residue. Monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose II also has a free hydroxyl group at C5 that can be esterified to produce chiral esters.</p>

<p>Core antigen fragment in ABO blood group system</p>

<p>Lactose-PAA-biotin is a biotin linked to lactose by a polyacrylamide linker</p>

Chondroitin sulphate is an inhibitor that has been extensively studied in human and animal models. This active agent has been shown to have a protein inhibitory effect on epithelial cells, as well as an inhibitory effect on cell growth in Chinese medicine and Chinese medicinal plants. Chondroitin sulphate has been found to exhibit inhibitory activity against endothelial cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. This compound can be detected by liquid chromatography and has been shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Overall, chondroitin sulphate shows great potential for use in healthcare products aimed at regulating cell growth and inflammation.

Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose II is a blood group oligosaccharide

6-Deoxy-6-mercapto-gamma-cyclodextrin, octakis (Methyl 6DG) is a novel and unique sugar with two methyl groups on the C6 hydroxyl position. It has been synthesized from glucose by a click modification reaction and can be used as an alternative to 6DG for the production of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The high purity of Methyl 6DG makes it suitable for use in analytical research, such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements.

2-Acetamido-3-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a methylated, saccharide, Polysaccharide. It is a custom synthesis of a carbohydrate sugar. It is fluorinated to increase its bioavailability. 2 Acetamido 3 O 2 acetamido 2 deoxy b D glucopyranosyl 2 deoxy D galactopyranose has CAS No. 95673 98 6 and the molecular weight is 524.87 g/mol. It has a purity of >99% and comes in powder form.

Neutral difucosylated hexasasaccharide naturally present in human breast milk

<p>Heparin derived dp6 saccharide ammonium salt is a glycosylation product of heparin. It is a synthetic glycosaminoglycan consisting of alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. This compound is highly water soluble and has been shown to be stable at pH 3-7 for up to 6 hours. The compound has also been subjected to a number of modifications, including methylation, click modification, fluorination, saccharide modification, sugar modification, and oligosaccharide synthesis. The structural formula of this compound can be found in the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number: 234764-56-2 with a molecular weight of 735.81 g/mol. Custom synthesis is available on request.</p>

<p>N-Acetylneuraminic acid hexamer disodium salt is a custom synthesis of a fluorinated, methylated and acetylated N-acetylneuraminic acid. This molecule is an oligosaccharide with three sugar rings. It has been modified by click chemistry and glycosylation to create a complex carbohydrate. The CAS number for this compound is 156587-48-2.</p>

<p>8-methoxycarbonyl ester of Gal-a1-3(Fuc-a1-2)Gal</p>

3,6-Di-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucal is a nacetyllactosamine that is structurally similar to the natural substrate for lactohexosaminidase. This compound inhibits the enzyme activity of this enzyme and other related enzymes. 3,6-Di-O-acetyl-4,6 D -glucal has been shown to inhibit endothelial cell growth in vitro. It also binds to the receptor on endothelial cells and blocks the signal pathways involved in cell growth. The glucose moiety of 3,6 Di O acetyl 4,6 D glucal inhibits lipases by binding to their active sites.

GalNAca1-3Galb1-3GalNAc

Cassia gum is obtained from the ground purified endosperm of the seeds of Cassia tora and Cassia obtusifolia (Fam. Leguminosae) containing less than 0.05% of Cassia occidentalis. It consists mainly of high molecular weight (approximately 200,000-300,000)  The polysaccharide is composed of galactomannans with a mannose:galactose ratio of about 5:1. The seeds are dehusked and degermed by thermal and mechanical treatment followed by milling and screening of the endosperm. The ground endosperm is purified by extraction with isopropanol.  It is used as a thickener, emulsifier, foam stabilizer, moisture retention agent and texturizing agent in cheese, frozen dairy desserts and mixes, meat products and poultry products.

Please enquire for more information about 4-O-{[(6-Azidoethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}-β-D-glycopyranosyl-2-deoxy-α-D glucopyranose-2,1-oxazoline including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

<p>b-D-Gentiotriose is a synthetic fluorinated monosaccharide that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product can be customized for glycosylation, methylation, or click modification. The purity level of this product is greater than 99%, making it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals, food additives, and other applications.</p>

Please enquire for more information about 4-O-{[6-(2-Azidoethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}-β-D-mannopyranosyl-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose-2,1-oxazoline including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

<p>Heparin disaccharide I-H trisodium salt is a high purity, custom synthesis, methylated, glycosylated, fluorinated, complex carbohydrate with a CAS number of 136098-04-9. It has been modified by the addition of a saccharide group and can be used for research purposes.</p>

Methyl a-D-laminaribioside is a modified glycosylation product of D-Laminaribiose. It is an oligosaccharide that has been modified with methyl and fluorine groups. The modification of the sugars with these functional groups increases the stability and solubility of the molecule. Methyl a-D-laminaribioside is used in research for its ability to be click modified, polysaccharides, or saccharides, as well as being used in synthetic chemistry as a sugar to modify other molecules. Methyl a-D-laminaribioside is also used in medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent. Methyl a-D-laminaribioside can be synthesized by custom synthesis and has CAS number 7115-19-7.

<p>2-(Acetylamino)-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-glucopyranuronosyl-β-D-glucopyranose is an analog of atropine that has shown potential as an anticancer agent. It acts as a kinase inhibitor, specifically targeting protein kinases involved in cancer cell growth and survival. This compound has been found in Chinese urine and has been shown to induce apoptosis in human tumor cells. As a potent inhibitor of kinases, it may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various types of cancer.</p>

<p>Disialyl, monofucosyllacto-N-hexaose is a synthetic oligosaccharide also found in human milk</p>

<p>Trehalose 6-tetradecanoate is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide that is modified by methylation, glycosylation, and carbamylation. It is a polysaccharide that has been modified with click chemistry. Trehalose 6-tetradecanoate is a high purity product that can be used in the synthesis of other compounds.</p>

<p>Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GalNAc is a synthetic, fluorinated monosaccharide. It is an oligosaccharide that has been custom synthesized and glycosylated. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with methylation and click chemistry. Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GalNAc has CAS number 383365-43-3. This product is available in high purity and can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides.</p>

Neolactotetraosylceramide (NT4) is a glycoconjugate that is found in human serum. It has been shown to bind to the receptor site of monoclonal antibodies and inhibit the binding of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which is involved in immune system regulation. NT4 has also been shown to block the activity of receptors on human neutrophils, which may be due to its structural similarity to lactotetraosylceramide. NT4 has been implicated as a potential cause for autoimmune diseases and cancer tissues, due to its structural similarity with glycoproteins that are found on cell surfaces. The optimum pH for NT4 is 7.5 and its glycan structure consists of two mannose residues linked by an alpha-1,6 linkage. This glycoconjugate binds well with blood group A and B antigens, but not with blood group O antigen. NT4 elicits antibody response

Xyloglucan is a heptasaccharide that is an important component of the plant cell wall. Xyloglucan heptasaccharides are found in the cell walls of many plants, including banana and potato. Xyloglucan heptasaccharides are composed of alternating glucose and xylose residues, with a glycosidic linkage between two xylose residues. This linkage can be hydrolyzed by α-amyrinase to yield two xylose monomers. The conformational properties of xyloglucan depend on its stereochemistry, which has been shown to affect its ability to inhibit inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Xyloglucan heptasaccharides have also been shown to bind to bacterial cells, inhibiting their growth.

<p>produced as the sodium salt</p>

<p>a-D-Galactosyl-mannotriose is a complex oligosaccharide, which is derived from plant materials such as leguminous seeds. Its mode of action involves selectively promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, through its structural composition that resists hydrolysis by human digestive enzymes. This non-digestibility allows it to reach the colon intact, where it can exert its prebiotic effects.</p>

<p>α,β-Trehalose is a carbohydrate that is found in many organisms and has been shown to have biochemical properties such as energy metabolism, enzyme activities, and x-ray diffraction data. Trehalose has a phase transition temperature of around 98°C, which makes it an ideal sugar for food preservation. Trehalose can also be used as a sugar substitute with the same sweetness level as sucrose. The chemical stability of trehalose allows it to be used as a preservative in food and beverages. Trehalose has been shown to be nontoxic in animal studies with doses up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. It also has an optimum pH of 7 and is stable at high temperatures.</p>

<p>NA3F is a N-glycan that is found on various glycoproteins and glycolipids. It consists of sialic acid, galactose, and fucose sugars in the ratio 3:2:1. NA3F N-glycans are synthesized by the removal of the terminal sialic acid residue from an Asn-linked oligosaccharide precursor. These types of glycans are found on high mannose (HMan) and hybrid (HHyb) glycans. The synthesis of NA3F N-glycan requires the activity of two enzymes: peptidase and sialyltransferase. The enzyme peptidase cleaves an α(1,4)-linked oligosaccharide at the nonreducing end to form a free α(1,6) linked oligosaccharide with a terminal α(1,2) linked mannose residue. This process releases the terminal</p>

<p>b-D-Fructofuranosyl a-D-glucopyranoside 6-octanoate is a saccharide that is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of polysaccharides. This compound can be used to synthesize glycosylated oligosaccharides with high purity and good yields. It can also be used in the preparation of complex carbohydrates, including fluorinated sugar derivatives.</p>

A GalNAc trisaccharide

<p>Fluorescent diagnostic reagent used for tumor diagnosis</p>

<p>Disialyllacto-N-hexaose I is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to a class of saccharides called polysaccharides. Disialyllacto-N-hexaose I is synthesized through the methylation and glycosylation of sucrose. It has been modified by Click chemistry with a maleimide group to create an amide bond between the terminal alpha position on the glucose residue and the terminal alpha position on the N-acetylglucosamine residue. This modification can be used for Polysaccharide analysis, such as MALDI TOF MS. Disialyllacto-N-hexaose I has a CAS number of 137636-98-7 and has been shown to have high purity without any impurities or contaminants.</p>

<p>Digalactosylceramide is a bioactive glycosphingolipid, which is derived from the cellular membranes of certain bacteria and plants. This compound plays a significant role in modulating immune responses through its interaction with the immune system. Its mode of action involves binding to specific receptors on immune cells, influencing cell signaling pathways that are crucial for the regulation of the immune response, including the modulation of cytokine production and immune cell activation.</p>

<p>b-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-galactose is a fluorinated saccharide that contains three fluorine atoms. The chemical formula for this product is C8H12F3O11. It is a white powder and the molecular weight of the compound is 514.06 g/mol. b-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-galactose can be custom synthesized to meet your desired specifications, such as modification, purity, and other criteria. This product has been shown to be useful in glycosylation reactions and click chemistry applications.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 6-α-D-Glucopyranosyl maltotriose-13C6 including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

Chondroitin disaccharide di-triS tetrasodium salt is a synthetic, custom synthesis, and a glycosylation of chondroitin disaccharide. It is an oligosaccharide that has been modified with fluorination, monosaccharide, methylation, and click modification. The CAS No. for this compound is

<p>2-Acetamido-6-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2,3,4,6-tetraacetamido-2,3,4,6,-tetra deoxygalactose is an acetylated disaccharide that is used in the synthesis of 6 fluoro 3 indoxyl beta D galactopyranoside. It is a residue of polysaccharides and proteins. 2 Acetamido 6 O 2 acetamido 2 deoxy β D glucopyranosyl 2 deoxy D galactopyranose is a disaccharide that can be found as a component of many polysaccharides and proteins.</p>

<p>Cellooctaose is a synthetic, water-soluble oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 1,000 daltons. It is produced by the reaction of propionate and intramolecular hydrogen with a water molecule to form glycosidic bonds. Cellooctaose can be used as a coating for pharmaceutical tablets and capsules to prevent dissolution in gastric acid. Cellooctaose is homologous to cellulose and has been used in recombinant protein production for the purpose of modifying viscosity. Cellooctaose has also been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells via lysosomal membrane permeability enhancement. This may be due to its ability to bind to fatty acids on the surface of cancer cells, which then leads to increased cell death.</p>

Blood group B antigen conjugated to spacer arm and biotin

<p>Lewis X trisaccharide-sp-biotin is a synthetic compound with fluorination, monosaccharide, and oligosaccharide. The sugar is a complex carbohydrate. It is synthesized by glycosylation and polysaccharide modification. The product has high purity and is custom synthesis for research purposes only. This product does not have CAS number because it is a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>Difucosyllacto-N-hexaose (c) is an oligosaccharide that can be found in human breast milk. It has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the ileum, which may be due to its ability to stimulate the production of short-chain fatty acids in the large intestine and inhibit the release of proinflammatory cytokines.</p>

Blood group A antigen conjugated to spacer arm and biotin

<p>Sialyl Lewis X Cholesterol is a synthetically modified sugar</p>

<p>Chondroitin disaccharide di-UA2S disodium salt is a high purity, custom synthesis, sugar, click modification, fluorination, glycosylation, synthetic oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate of the monosaccharide and saccharides which are composed of glucose and glucuronic acid. The molecular weight is 721.00 g/mol with a CAS number of 149368-04-7. This product has been modified to include methyl groups on N-6 and N-2 positions in the side chains of both uronic acids. Chondroitin disaccharide di-UA2S disodium salt is an oligosaccharide that has been synthesized from chondroitin sulfate with a molecular weight of 5400.00 g/mol.</p>

Sodium alginate is a soluble fiber that is extracted from brown seaweed. It is a natural carbohydrate that can be modified to create a variety of sugar-based derivatives, such as Oligosaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Custom Synthesis. Sodium alginate has been modified with Fluorination, Methylation, Glycosylation, and Click Modification to create high-purity products for various applications.

<p>NGA5B N-Glycan is a custom synthesis that can be modified by fluorination, methylation, and monosaccharide. It is synthesized from natural and synthetic substances. This N-glycan is a modification of glycans that have been shown to have anti-cancer effects. The glycosylation of the saccharide has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.</p>

Chondroitin disaccharide di-diSB trisodium salt is a chondroitin sulfate binding agent that can be used in the diagnosis of subcutaneous tumors. It binds to the chondroitin sulfate component of proteoglycans and stains these proteins under light microscopy. This agent can also be used to detect monoclonal antibodies that bind to the chondroitin sulfate component of proteoglycans. The detection of this agent may be done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or fluorescence microscopy.

<p>Inhibitor of conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about D-Maltose monohydrate including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Cellobionic acid is produced by oxidative enzymes working on cellulose.  These compounds have found application in cosmetic antiaging formulations, moisturizers, and peels, and in treatment products to improve hyperpigmentation and acne. The bionic acids such as cellobionic acid offer the benefits of α-hydroxyacids without irritation. They also provide additional antioxidant/chelation, barrier strengthening, and moisturizing effects.</p>

<p>Potential prebiotic oligosaccharides made from agar by enzymatic hydrolysis</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose (also known as galacto-N-biose, GNB and T antigen) is a β 1-3’ linked disaccharide which is found in the gastrointestinal tract as a core component of mucin. GNB has been shown to have potential to protect against glutamate excitotoxicity, a process in which nerve cells can be damaged or destroyed. GNB, along with lactose-N-biose, are found in human milk but are not metabolised by gut enzymes and are instead broken down to a digestible form by bifidobacteria found in the intestinal systems of infants in a symbiotic process.</p>

<p>This mixture contains some of the neutral and sialylated oligosaccharides found in human meconium.</p>

<p>Isolated from the partial acid and enzymic hydrolysates of several of the mannans,  galactomannans and glucomannans. While the trisaccharide has been isolated from all of these sources the tetrasaccharide has only been isolated from ivory-nut mannan, white spruce (Picea glauca) and Pinus strobus glucomannans. Crystalline penta- and hexa-saccharides have been isolated from ivory-nut mannan hydrolysates.</p>

<p>Trehalose is a naturally occurring disaccharide found in many organisms.Its role in nature is as versatile as its applications in the laboratory. Trehalose is synthesized by cells in response to stress and helps retaining the cellular integrity under tough conditions: An important function of Trehalose is to stabilize protein structures and to prevent proteins from their degradation. Researchers use Trehalosefor instance as a carbon source in selective microbiological media, as desiccation protectant and for cryoprotection.</p>

<p>Synthesized by the action of zinc chloride on tetra-O-acetylmannose and 1-chloro-3,4,6- tri-0-acetylmannose.  Isolated from partial acetolysates of baker's yeast mannan and Saccharomyces rouxii mannan.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose LacNAc isomer. This compound has been shown to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines in human bronchial epithelial cell lines, which may be helpful in treating inflammatory conditions. The compound can be analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which separates molecules based on their chemical properties. The acid residues present in the molecule make it an ideal target for antibodies and polymer-based drug delivery systems. In host cells, this compound is involved in various biological processes related to cell adhesion and signaling.</p>

<p>Chondroitin disaccharide 6S sodium salt is a synthetic, fluorinated, oligosaccharide that has been custom synthesized and glycosylated. It is a sugar-based compound with a high purity and excellent solubility in water. It was synthesized by click modification of the sugar monomer with an amine group at the reducing end. The chondroitin disaccharide 6S sodium salt was further modified with methylation to yield a product with a higher purity.</p>

<p>4-Glucopyranosylmannose is a disaccharide compound, which is a synthetic carbohydrate derived from the enzymatic or chemical glycosylation processes. It consists of glucose and mannose units linked through a glycosidic bond. The compound is sourced through advanced synthetic methodologies involving specific glycosyltransferases or chemical catalysts that facilitate the precise attachment of these sugar moieties.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-fucopentaose II-APD-HSA is a complex carbohydrate that has been chemically modified to include a fucose sugar. Lacto-N-fucopentaose II-APD-HSA is synthesized by the click reaction and then modified with the addition of an acetyl group. The product is then methylated and purified by HPLC. Lacto-N-fucopentaose II-APD-HSA can be used in a wide range of applications, including as a component in glycosylation reactions or as an adjuvant for fluorescence labelling.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 1,5-α-L-Arabinooctaose including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>1,5-α-L-Arabinohexaose is a carbohydrate. It is a nonreducing sugar that can be found in plants. 1,5-α-L-Arabinohexaose has an optimum pH of 5 and an ethanol concentration of 0.02%. The enzyme form of 1,5-α-L-Arabinohexaose is α-(1→6)-glycosidase. This enzyme hydrolyzes the α-(1→6) glycosidic bond between two glucose residues in a polysaccharide chain to produce β-(1→4) bonds. It also hydrolyzes the β-(1→4) glycosidic bond between two galactose residues to produce β-(1→2) bonds and oxidizes the terminal carbon atom to produce aldehyde products.<br>A structural analysis of this carbohydrate was conducted using marine microorganisms and it was found that they contain galacturonic acid and sugar residues</p>

<p>NGA2 Glycan, 2-AB labelled is a complex carbohydrate that is custom synthesized for research purposes. It is a high purity, high quality product that has been fluorinated and glycosylated. NGA2 Glycan, 2-AB labelled is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product can be used for glycosylation, methylation and click modification.</p>

<p>Monofucosyl, monosialyllacto-N-neohexaose-APD-HSA is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized through the enzymatic polymerization of glucose. This synthetic oligosaccharide is composed of a single monosaccharide, fucose, and two sialic acid residues. Monofucosyl, monosialyllacto-N-neohexaose-APD-HSA can be used in the synthesis of various glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, or proteoglycans. The chemical modification of this sugar molecule can also be performed to produce a variety of products with different properties.</p>

<p>Blood group B trisacchharide-APE-HSA is a synthetic carbohydrate that inhibits the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. The methylation of saccharides and polysaccharides can be accomplished by the addition of an amine to the 3′ hydroxyl group. In this reaction, the sugar is attached to a protein carrier (e.g., human serum albumin) via an amide bond, which prevents its degradation by proteases in the body. The modification of saccharides and polysaccharides is also accomplished through click chemistry, which is based on copper catalysis. This process involves attaching two functional groups through a copper-mediated reaction, forming a new carbon-carbon bond. Modification of saccharides and oligosaccharides can be accomplished using either chemical or enzymatic methods. Sugar modification can be achieved using high purity enzymes that have been custom synthesized for specific purposes (e.g., glycosylation). Carbohydrate modification can</p>