Toxicologie

<p>Applications A neonicotinoid insecticide. Reports show that when exposed to neonicotinid pesticides honeybees have probelms returnign home after foraging and bumblebee colonies grow poorly and produce fewer queens. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oliver, J., et al.: J. Environ. Horticult., 28, 135 (2010), Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Entomol. Res., 34, 35 (2010), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dicyclopentadiene is used in the preparation of poly(ionic liquid) brushes, used in anti-bacterial and anti-biofouling applications. Also used in the preparation of copolymer structures in the synthesis of nanocapsules.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ye, Q. et al.: J. Mat. Chem., 22, 13123 (2012); Fickert, J. et al.: Macromol., 46, 573 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications A charged sulfhydryl reactive reagent.<br>References Karlin, A., et al.: J. Mol. Biol. , 61, 175 (1971)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Neuroleptic agent related structurally to thiothixene. Antipsychotic; neuroleptic agent; dopamine receptor antagonist.<br>References Nielsen, et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 32, 363 (1973), Post, M.L., et al.: Nature, 256, 342 (1975), Peuch, et al.: Neuropharmacology, 20, 1279 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications Flucarbazone-sodium is a herbicide.<br>References Eliason, R., et al.: Weed Sci., 52, 857 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Picloram is used as a herbicide. Studies show that Picloram can reduce seed germination rate and vigor as well as seedling growth in Bidens pilosa L.<br>References Freitas, M.R., et al.: RSC Adv., 5, 7547 (2015); Tian, X., et al.: Nongyao, 53, 485 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Mono N-Desmethyl Disperse Polyester Dark Blue is a disperse dye for synthetic polyester fibers. It has good heat and light resistance and is used for thermal transfer recording.<br>References Peters A. T., et al.: J. Soc. Dyers Colour, 108(7-8), 344-8 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Misoprostol is a cytoprotective prostaglandin PGE1 analogue.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Graham, Y., et al.: Lancet, 2, 1277 (1988); Graham, D.Y., et al.: Ann. Int. Med., 119, 257 (1993); Fletcher, H., et al.: Obstet. Gynecol., 83, 244 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Melamine (M208703), which forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde. It remains largely non-metabolized in male Wistar rats with 90% of the administered dose excreted in the urine (1,2) and thus acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive found in milk (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast, R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10.2. Smith, J. et al.: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;125(2):296-308.3. Anirudhan, T. et al.: Food Chem. 2017 Jul 15;227:85-92.<br></p>

<p>Applications Sethoxydim is a neuroplastin isoforms, a member of Ig superfamily. It is expressed and important in stereocilia of outer hair cells function. Also, it is derived from Crotonaldehyde (C818650), which is an αβ-unsaturated aldehyde and an alkylating agent that is commonly found in tobacco smoke and some foods. Crotonaldehyde is also a known mutagen and carcinogen.<br>References Zeng, W., et al.: J. Neurosci., 36, 9201-9216 (2016); Scherer, G., et al.: Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 26, 37 (2007); Zhang, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1386 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Thifensulfuron is used as a herbicide, a chemical compound that function by inhibiting the action of a plant enzyme, stopping plant growth, and eventually killing the plant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Battaglin, W. A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 248, 123(2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Estradiol-13C2 17-Benzoate is an intermediate in the synthesis of 17β-Estradiol-13C2 (E888003). Isotope labelled 17β-Estradiol (E888000) is the major estrogen (1) secreted by the premenopausal ovary (2).<br></p>

<p>Applications Heparin is a heterogeneous mixture of variably sulfated polysaccharide chains. It acts as an anti-coagulant, due to various antithrombin binding sites along the molecular structure.<br>References Kelton, J. et al.: J. Thromb. Haemost., 10, 1446 (2012); Gouin-Thibault, I. et al.: J. Thromb. Haemost., 101, 986 (2009); Merck Index 14th ed. 804;<br></p>

<p>Applications An antimalarial; antirheumatic; lupus erythematosus suppressant. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Yarden, Y., et al.: Nature, 323, 226 (1986), Seifert, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 264, 8771 (1989), Gahl, W., et al.: Mol. Genet. Metab., 76, 234 (2002), Card, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 75, 169 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17beta-Estradiol-16,16,17-d3 3-Benzoate (CAS# 1192354-74-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Shows antioxidant effects. Antiseptic.<br>References Wong, S., et al.: Clin. Chem., 33, 214 (1987), Daood, H., et al.: Food Chem., 55, 365 (1996), Zainol, M., et al.: Food Chem., 81, 575 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Vancomycin Impurity<br>Applications An impurity in Vancomycin.A representative lot was 75% by HPLC with less than 0.1% vancomycin.<br>References Marshall, F.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 8, 18 (1965), Sheldrick, G.M., et al.: Nature, 271, 223 (1987), Dutca-Melan, S., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 33, 24 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diuron is a phenyl urea herbicide (1,2). Pre-emergent herbicide which may find its way into aquatic environments, and consumable fruit/vegetation (3,4). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Noseworthy, J. et al.: Weed. Tech. 2010 Jul:24(1) pp64-702. Armenta, S. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010 May;397(1):297-308.3. Neuwoehner, J. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol. 2010 Apr 1;97(1):58-67.4. Wong, J. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2010 May 26;58(10):5897-9034<br></p>

<p>Applications Terbuthylazine-(ethyl-d5) is the deuterized or labeled form of Terbuthylazine (T110500), which is a triazine herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schenck, F., et al.: Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 73, 24 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Flufenoxuron is a known insecticide and acts as an insect growth regulator by inhibiting chitin synthesis.<br>References Abbaszadeh, G., et al.: Pesticide. Res. J., 23, 52 (2011); Yang, A., et al.: Food. Control., 28, 99 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexaconazole is a systematic fungicide of the triazole class. Hexaconazole has a broad spectrum antifungal activity and is commonly used in the control of apple, coffee and peanut diseases.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Brown, M.C. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pest. Dis., 1, 229 (1988); Gozzo, F. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 40, 68 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Secnidazole (S225000). Analog of Metronidazole. Antiamebic. Antiprotozoal (Trichomonas).<br>References Cosar, C., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 16, 23 (1966), Videau, D., et al.: Br. J. Vener. Dis., 54, 77 (1978), Symonds, J., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 5, 484 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclabendazole Sulfone-D3 is a stable isotopically labelled metabolite of Triclabendazole (T774175), an anthelmintic.<br>References Wolff, K., et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 13, 145 (1983)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cycloprate is an insecticide with ovicidal activity.<br>References Asano, S., et al.: Apl. Entomol. Zool., 17, 67 (1982); Asano, S., et al.: Nippon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkaishi, 23, 113 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carvedilol-d5 is the labelled analog of Carvedilol, a nonselective β-adrenergic blocker with α1-blocking activity. Carvedilol is an antihypertensive used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hirohashi, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 40, 735 (1990), Packer, M., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 334, 1349 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Efavirenz (E42500). A nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibiotic.<br>References Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications De-O-ethoxy Tamsulosin is a derivative of Tamulosin (T006350), a specific α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. It is used in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy.<br>References Kawabe, K., et al.: J. Urol., 144, 908 (1990), Abrams, P., et al.: Br. J. Urol., 76, 325 (1995), Michel, M.C., Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 151 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Abacavir 5’-β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled Eugenol is a dental compound which shows cytotoxicity to human oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral cells. When glucosylated, this compound exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.<br>References Koh, T. et al.: In Vivo, 27, 85 (2013); Zhang, P. et al.: Arch. Pharm. Res., 36, 109 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Hydroxyethanephosphonic acid is an substrate used in the study of 2-hydroxyethylphosphonate dioxygenase reaction mechanism. 2-Hydroxyethanephosphonic Acid is also a required intermediate in labelled Fosfomycin (F727502) biosynthesis.<br>References Hirao, H., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 14550 (2011); Hidaka, T., et al.: J. Antibiot., 45, 1008 (1992); Patel, S., et al.: Drugs, 53, 637 (1997); Ribes, S., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 57, 931 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlordimeform is an unique insecticide and acaricide. It displays synergistic effects and was detected in Spanish commercial beeswax.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ahmed, M.A.I., et al.: J. Med. Entomol., 49, 1405 (2012); Serra-Bonvehi, J., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 66, 1230 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fungicide. Antimicrobial agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oestman, M. et al.: Sci. Total Env., 649, 1117 (2019);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim is a derivative of Trimethoprim (T795615), an antibacterial agent that is commonly prescribed in conjunction with Sulfametoxazole (S699086) to treat patients afflicted with urinary tract infections. 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim also has potential antibacterial activity.<br>References Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 24, 933 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Derivative of Artemisinin (A777500). Antimalarial, used to treat strains of malaria which are multi-drug resistant.<br>References Hombhanje, F., et al.: Pharma., 3, 3581 (2010), Michael, O., et al.: Malaria J., 9, 335 (2010), Cesar, I., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 54, 114 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Hydroxytryptamine (cas# 50-67-9) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Perindoprilat-d4 is the isotope labelled analog of Perindoprilat (P287531); an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and antihypertensive.<br>References Pascard, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 663 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications A fat-metabolism stimulator. Antioxidant.<br>References Plotzker, R., et al.: Am. J. Med. Sci., 283, 79 (1982), Evans, J., et al.: Diabetes Technol. Ther., 2, 401 (2000), Konrad, D., et al.: Diabetes, 50, 1464 (2001), Lockhart, B., et al.: Brain Res., 855, 292 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Colinesterase inhibitor. Used as insecticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Edson, E.F., et al.: Pharm. J., 185, 365 (1960), Pozo, O., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1765 (2007), Mezcua, M., et al.: Anal. Chem., 81, 913 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Epoxiconazole is a fungicide used to inhibit the metabolism and growth of mycelia.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gromadzka, K., et al.: Cereal. Res. Commun., 40, 518 (2012); Chen, Yu,, Plant. Disease., 96, 1495 (2012); Echeverria-Saenz, S., et al.: Sci. Total. Environ., 440, 106 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory.<br>References Tubaro, E., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 20, 1024 (1970),<br></p>

<p>Applications Quinolone antibacterial. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References DiCarlo, et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 127, 503 (1968), Crew, et al.: Xenobiotica, 1, 193 (1971), Wright, H.T., et al.: Science, 213, 455 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Rifampicin.<br>References Blumenfeld,O.O., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 236, 2472 (1961), Cowxan, R.A., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 23, 799 (1966)<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-Abacavir Dihydrochloride is an impurity of Abacavir. Abacavir (A104990) is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clarithromycin EP Impurity I<br>Applications De(cladinosyl) Clarithromycin (Clarithromycin EP Impurity I) is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750). De(cladinosyl) Clarithromycin showed significantly potent antibacterial activity against community acquired respiratory pathogens.<br>References Morimoto, S., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 187 (1984), Buxbaum, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 52, 371 (2003), Westphal, J., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 50, 285 (2000), Ma, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 44, 4137 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Aclonifen-d5, is the labeled analogue of Aclonifen, which is used as a pesticide and herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Laini, A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 438, 312 (2012); Fantke, P., et al.: Enviorn. Int., 49, 9 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Pancratistatin acts as an anti-cancer compound that initiates cell-death in cancer cells.<br>References McLachlan, A. et al.: Apoptosis, 10, 619 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Clopidogrel derivative. It is used as internal standard.This compound is a single pair of enantiomers but the relative stereochemistry is unknown.<br>References Savi, P., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 44, 527 (1992), Pereillo, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 1288 (2002), Ksycinska, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 533 (2006), Farid, N., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 81, 735 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A diuretic used to reduce menstrual pains.<br>References Varga, J., et al.: Mol. Immunol., 28, 641 (1991), Marrero-Ponce, Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 2881 (2005), Ibrahim, H., et al.: Drug Discov. Ther., 3, 168 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11-DODECAMETHYLHEXASILOXANE (cas# 995-82-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Dimethomorph (D460530). Agricultural fungicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lu, X., et al.: Phytopathol., 100, 1162 (2010), Schafer, R., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 1665 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Xanthophyll is one of the most widespread carotenoid alcohols in nature. Originally isolated from egg yolk, also isolated by chromatography from nettles, algae, and petals of many yellow flowers.<br>References van het Hof, K., et al.: J. Nutr., 130, 503 (2000), Cooper, D., et al.: J. Nutr., 134, 221S (2004), Faulks, R., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1740, 95 (2005), Rao, A., et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 55, 207 (2007), Tuberoso, C., et al.: Food Chem., 103, 149 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Oseltamivir 5-Desamino 5-(2-Formyl 5-Hydroxymethylpyrrol-1-yl) is derived from Oseltamivir Phosphate (O701000), which is an orally active inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase; converted in vivo to the active acid metabolite. An antiviral drug. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Oliyai, R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 15, 1300 (1998), Kim, C.U., et al.: Med. Chem. Res., 8, 392 (1998), Hayden, F.G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 341, 1336 (1999), Treanor, J.J., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 283, 1016 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fusidic Acid Sodium Salt is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Fusidic Acid suppresses nitric oxide lysis of pancreatic islet cells. Inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes by inhibiting the ribosome-dependent activity of G factor and translocation of peptidyl-tRNA.<br>References Collignon, P., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 12, S45 (1999); Di Marco, R., et al.: J. Autoimmun., 13, 187 (1999); Price, C.T., et al.: J. Antimicrob., Chemother., 44, 57 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity N<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Azithromycin (A927000) impurity. A degradation products of Azithromycin.<br>References Anon., et al.: Pharmaeuropa, 13, 750 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications A lactone of meconinic acid, extracted from opium. Meconin is a marker for illicit opiate use.<br>References Pavlic, M., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 386, 69 (2006), Morley, S., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 31, 105 (2007), Ashour, A., et al.: Drug Test. Anal., 1, 327 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone Enanthate is a derivative of testosterone (T155000), the principal hormone of the testes, produced by the interstitial cells.<br>References Janjic, M.M., et al.: Reproduct. Toxicol., 34, 686 (2012); Lacreuse, A., et al.: Physiol. Behaviour., 106, 229 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy-6-trifluoromethylpyridine<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl Serotonine O-Sulfate Ester Triethylammonium Salt, is used as a urinary biomarker in metablomics studues. Metabolite of serotonin (S274980), a monoamine neurotransmitter.<br>References Johnson, C. et al.: Rad. Res., 178, 328 (2012); Kuraishi, Y., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 31, 2143 (2008); Morera, E., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 6806 (2009); Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Acid Blue 9 (CAS# 2650-18-2) is an organic azo dye. It has been used in the preparation of solar-sensitive liposomes capable of capturing and releasing food dyes for the measurement of sunlight exposure over extended periods of time. Being water soluble, acid blue 9 is often considered a pollutant, and is used as an analyte in the development of azo-dye removal processes.<br>References Miranda, D.; et al.: ACS Applied Nano Materials, 1, 2739 (2018); Vimala, T.; et al.: Asian J. Chem., 30, 249 (2018).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Deuterated, Memantine (M218000) which is used as an antiparkinsonian and antispasmodic.<br>References Rohde, H., et al.: Fortschr. Med., 100, 2023 (1982), Kornhuber, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 166, 589 (1989), Gortelmeyer, R. and Erbler, H.: Arzneimittel-Forsch., 42, 904 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of herbicide Diuron (D494415) and Linuron (L468500). It was investigated in wheat and radish.<br>References Field, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3897 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ancymidol is a growth retardant found in plants. It affects a gibberellin-induced growth response, most likely by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis.<br>References Shive Jr., J.B., Sisler, H.D., Plant Physiol., 57, 640-644 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications Imazamox Methyl Ester is a derivative of Imazamox (I268550), an imidazolinone based acetolactate synthase inhibitor that is utilized as a herbicide for weed control.<br>References Riar, D.S., et al.: Int. J. Agron., 8 (2012); Grey, T.L., et al.: Weed. Technol., 26, 405 (2012); Rousonelos, S.L., et al.: Weed. Sci., 60, 335 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-p-Hydroxyphenylglycinamide is an activated side chain precursor and is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2(1H)-pyrazinone (H951260), which is a potential impuritiy of the penicillins, ampicillin and amoxicillin, which have not been reported previously. 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2(1H)-pyrazinone impurity may be formed during the semi-synthetic preparation of these antibiotics or upon their degradation.<br>References Munro, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1197 (1978); Lebelle, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 31, 441 (1979); Gabor, E., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., WO 2004111241 A1 20041223 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Wise, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 807 (1978), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 139 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications ent-Entecavir is an enantiomeric impurity of the antiviral drug Entecavir (E558900).<br>References Ruediger, E. et al.: Tetrahed. Lett., 45, 739 (2004): Bisacchi, G.S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 127 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled analog of Gamithromycin (G195000), a macrolide compound which is known to have antibacterial activity, and is useful in the therapy of bacterial infections in mammals. Antibiotic.<br>References Broto, P., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 19, 71 (1984), Farrar, V., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 3517 (1993), Clark, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 807 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Zephirol. Quaternary ammonium composition to treat herpes, pseudomonas, staph, hepatitis and other infectious diseases.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Berr, S., et al.: J. Phys. Chem., 91, 4760 (1987), Jones, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 48, 101 (1999), Okano, L., et al.: Langmuir, 16, 3119 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ribavirin EP Impurity D<br>Applications N-Des-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl Ribavirin (Ribavirin EP Impurity D) is an impurity in the synthesis of Ribavirin (R414475), a purine nucleoside analog; inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Used as an antiviral agent.This compound is suitable for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) related research.<br>References Fernandez, H., et al.: Eur. J. Epidemiol., 2, 1 (1986), Liao, H.J. and Stollar, V.: Antiviral Res., 22, 285 (1993), Honda, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 653 (1994), Reichard, O., et al.: Lancet, 351, 83 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Ricinine. An alkaloid extract from the seeds of the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communalis). Ricinine is a central nervous system stimulant that could potentially be a cognition-enhancing agent used for the treatment of human amnesias. Ricinine also has bactericidal effects on three pests and heptaprotective activity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Feraz, A.C. et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 63, 367 (1999); Zhao, Z. et al.: Zhong. Niang., 6, 13 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Phenethicillin is a semisynthetic penicillin based β-lactam antibiotic and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive bacteria.<br>References Lucien, C., et al.: Can. med. Assoc. J., 84, 535 (1961); Timmers, G.J., et al.: Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 13, 497 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications A phosphocholine ester metabolite of the immunosuppressant macrolide SDZ RAD (also known as Everolimus E945400) which is an analog of the parent drug Rapamycin (R124000).<br>References Zollinger, M. et al.: Drug. Metab. Disp., 36, 1457 (2008); Kovarik, J. M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 48 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Octenidine is an antiseptic (topical). Octenidine is a cationic surfactant and bis-(dihydropyridinyl)-decane derivative.<br>References Slee, A.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 23, 531 (1983), Ghannoum, M.A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 25, 237 (1990), Allen, M., et al.: Microbiology, 152, 989 (2006), Ojha, A., et al.: Mol. Microbiol., 66, 468 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A red Cy3-based biarsenical fluorescent probe targeted to a complementary binding peptide. AsCy3 has good photostability, low pH sensitivity, high absorbance, and good quantum yield. This new probe provides a FRET partner to biarsenical dye FlAsH, making this discovery an important step toward a whole toolkit of colored probes directed to different small peptide motifs.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cao, H., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 8672 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid is a metabolite of the herbicide Benthiocarb. 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid shows antifungal activity.<br>References Nakamura, Y. et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 41, 1613 (1977); Patel, H.S. et al.: J. Macromol. Sci. Chem., A20, 453 (1983); Amborabe, B.-E. et al.: Plant Physiol. Biochem., 40, 1051 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Linagliptin is a novel potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor with potential use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.<br>References Prabavathy, N. et al.: Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 2, 438 (2011); Deacon, C.F.: Diab. Obes. Metab., 13, 7 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Bisphenol A.<br>References Zalko, D., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 28 (1998), Matthews, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxico., 14, 149 (2001), Kinjo, J., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 185 (2004), Murata, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 2569 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled abalogue of Maleic Hydrazide, a compound used in plant growth regulator formulations.<br>References Calliera, M. et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 62, 1168 (2006); Berrada, H., et al.: Food Control. 21, 36 (2010); Nougadere, A. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 49, 1484 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Fenthion is an organothiophosphate used as an insecticide. Fenthion is also a potent acaricide. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698230).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pati, B.R. et al.: Plant Soil, 80, 215 (1984); Barros, A.T. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 96, 243 (2001); Kyriakidis, N.V. et al.: Food Chem., 91, 241 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Eszopiclone is the active stereoizomer of Zopiclone and belongs to the class of drug known as cyclopyrrones. It is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent used as a treatment for insomnia.This is a controlled substance (depressant) in the US but not in Canada.<br>References Gottesmann, C., et al.: Eur. J. Neurosci., 10, 409 (1998), Yoshimoto, M., et al.: Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 9, 29 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications A highly selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist (with no anticholinergic, antiadrenergic, or antiserotonin activity) for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, especially rhinitis and urticaria.<br>References Simons, F.E.R.: Clin. Alp. Allergy, 29, 3 (1999); Brostoff, J. et al.: Allergy, 51, 251 (1996); Gensthaler, B.M.: Pharm. Zeit., 143, 228 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic Acid (Isoferulic acid) is a hypoglycemic agent.<br>References Liu, I.-M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 307, 1196 (2003),<br></p>