Antimicrobiens

Ticarcillin disodium salt is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Ticarcillin is active against penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Furthermore, it inhibits transpeptidase activity of the cell wall of bacteria which prevents peptidoglycan synthesis. It is bactericidal for many bacteria at low concentrations.

Amicoumacin B is a potent antibiotic, which is isolated from the bacterial species Bacillus pumilus. It acts by inhibiting protein synthesis, targeting the ribosomal 30S subunit and disrupting translational fidelity in bacterial cells. This interference in protein production leads to the effective elimination of various Gram-positive and certain Gram-negative bacteria.

Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one HCl, also known as MIT hydrochloride is often used as a preservative in personal care products and other industrial applications. The product has shown to act as an antimicrobial and antifungal agent.

Amicoumacin A is an antibiotic compound, which is derived from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This natural source is known for its production of a variety of biologically active compounds that contribute to its utility in numerous scientific contexts. The mode of action of Amicoumacin A involves the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by targeting the ribosomal subunit. Specifically, it interferes with the translation process, effectively disrupting the growth and proliferation of susceptible bacterial strains.

Amicoumacin A is primarily utilized in research settings to study bacterial resistance mechanisms, as well as to explore novel antibacterial therapies. Its application in scientific research extends to examining its potential synergistic effects with other antimicrobial agents, and it serves as a model compound for understanding ribosomal inhibition. The study of Amicoumacin A not only contributes to the broader field of antibiotic development but also offers insights into the molecular interactions that underlie bacterial protein synthesis and antibiotic resistance. This compound's unique properties make it an important subject of investigation for microbiologists and pharmacologists alike, emphasizing its relevance in the ongoing battle against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

Inhibitor of protein synthesis; glycylcycline class

iso-Nystatin is an antifungal compound, which is derived from the bacterium *Streptomyces noursei*. This specific strain of actinobacteria produces polyene macrolide antifungals, and iso-Nystatin is a derivative that exhibits similar bioactivity as its parent compound, Nystatin. Its mode of action is based on binding ergosterol, a crucial component of fungal cell membranes. This binding disrupts the membrane's structural integrity, inducing pore formation, which leads to ion leakage and ultimately cell lysis and fungal cell death.

Ledipasvir D-tartrate is an antiviral compound, which is a direct-acting antiviral agent used in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It originates from synthetic sources designed to inhibit the replication of specific viral proteins. Ledipasvir functions by targeting the NS5A protein of the hepatitis C virus, a key component necessary for viral replication. By binding to this protein, Ledipasvir disrupts and inhibits the HCV replication complex, effectively suppressing the viral load in patients.

Pazufloxacin hydrochloride is a synthetic antibacterial agent, which is derived from the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics with a broad-spectrum activity against various bacterial pathogens. This compound, sourced through chemical synthesis, functions primarily by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are critical enzymes for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. The inhibition of these enzymes leads to the disruption of bacterial DNA processes, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.

Potassium clavulanate is a beta-lactamase inhibitor and an antibacterial agent. The presence of potassium clavulanate in culture media inhibits the activity of beta-lactamases, which are enzymes that confer resistance to penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics. It also has been shown to be active against bacterial infections such as tuberculosis, sepsis, and pneumonia, where it can inhibit the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to form cell walls. Potassium clavulanate is also used as an antimicrobial agent for blood culture technique and antimicrobial treatment.

Tomopenem is a carbapenem antibiotic, which is a product of synthetic origin with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls through binding to penicillin-binding proteins, thereby disrupting the structural integrity of the cell wall and leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.

Validoxylamine A is an antibiotic, which is a secondary metabolite produced by certain strains of the Actinomyces species. It functions as a potent inhibitor of the enzyme glucose isomerase, which plays a crucial role in the isomerization of glucose to fructose, an important biochemical reaction in various microbial and plant systems.

Inhibitor of bacterial cell wall biogenesis; penicillin class

Amoscanate is an antiparasitic compound derived from synthetic chemical processes, which acts by disrupting the mitochondrial function of parasitic organisms. This compound intervenes in the energy metabolism of endoparasites, leading to their incapacitation and eventual death. Its action is selective for parasitic species, minimizing effects on the host organism.

Ethambutol is an antimicrobial compound, specifically an antitubercular agent, which is a synthetic derivative of ethylenediamine. It is classified as a bacteriostatic agent that primarily targets Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mode of action of Ethambutol involves the inhibition of arabinosyl transferases, enzymes essential for the polymerization of arabinogalactan, a critical component of the mycobacterial cell wall. By disrupting cell wall biosynthesis, Ethambutol effectively hampers the growth and proliferation of the bacteria.

Amphotericin A is a polyene macrolide antibiotic, which is derived primarily from the soil bacterium *Streptomyces nodosus*. This compound functions by binding to ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. This binding creates pores in the membrane, increasing its permeability and ultimately leading to cell death. Unlike its more widely used counterpart Amphotericin B, Amphotericin A is less frequently utilized but is critical in the study and understanding of antifungal activity.

STAADIUM™ PeptiZide L-Ala is a targeted inhibitor for L-alanine aminopeptidase-producing bacteria. The antibacterial activity of STAADIUM™ PeptiZide L-Ala is triggered by the enzyme L-alanine aminopeptidase, an enzyme located in the bacterial cell wall and is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria. L-alanine aminopeptidase has not been experimentally detected in Campylobacter species, anaerobic bacilli, Gram-positive and Gram-variable bacteria. More details in the application notes document.

Carbomycin is a macrolide antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces halstedii. This antibiotic functions by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Through this mechanism, carbomycin effectively disrupts the growth and replication of susceptible bacterial strains, making it a potent tool in combating bacterial infections.

Viramidine is a nucleotide analogue prodrug, which is derived from naturally occurring nucleosides, specifically optimized for enhanced therapeutic profiles. Its mode of action involves conversion into ribavirin triphosphate within the body. This active form inhibits viral RNA polymerase, a critical enzyme necessary for viral replication. By disrupting the synthesis of viral RNA, Viramidine effectively reduces viral proliferation within host cells.

Inhibitor of viral protein NS5B

Herbicidin B is a natural herbicidal compound, which is a secondary metabolite produced through the fermentation of certain Streptomyces species. This compound functions as a potent inhibitor of plant growth by interfering with essential physiological processes within the plant cells. The mode of action of Herbicidin B primarily involves disruption of metabolic pathways that are critical for the development and survival of plants, leading to effective control of undesired vegetation.

STAADIUMTM GalactoZide II is a targeted inhibitor for β-galactosidase producing bacteria. The antibacterial activity of STAADIUMTM GalactoZide II is triggered by the enzyme β-galactosidase which is produced by E.coli (EHEC), thermophilic lactic acid bacteria, and other coliform bacteria. STAADIUMTM GalactoZide II can help to selectively inhibit the growth of E. coli in complex bacterial cultures and canbe used in microbiome studies, food control, environmental safety, hygiene, and clinical diagnostics. STAADIUMTM GalactoZide II is not compatible with some experimental conditions, e.g. pH indicators such as neutral red, indigo stains, and possibly H2S staining. STAADIUMTM GalactoZide II can be added as an enzyme-specific selective supplement to agar plates and as an enrichment agent to broth culture.

Flubendazole is a benzimidazole anthelmintic with action on microtubule formation in parasites and is used for treating intestinal worms in humans and animals.

4-Epichlortetracycline is a metabolite of chlortetracycline, which is derived from the Streptomyces genus of bacteria. It is structurally related to tetracycline antibiotics but differs specifically in its epimerization at the fourth position. This alteration results in a product with significantly reduced antibacterial activity compared to its parent compound. The mechanism of action primarily involves ribosomal binding, inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria; however, the epimerization here compromises this efficacy.

Herbicidin K is a naturally derived herbicide, known for its biological origin from microbial fermentation processes. It is primarily sourced from certain strains of Streptomyces, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria notable for their diverse secondary metabolites. The mode of action of Herbicidin K involves the inhibition of key enzymatic pathways within target plants, leading to the disruption of cellular functions and ultimately plant death. This selectivity is particularly effective against broadleaf weeds, providing a targeted approach to weed management.

Taniborbactam is a groundbreaking boronic acid-based beta-lactamase inhibitor, which is a chemically synthesized compound designed to enhance the efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics. Its mode of action involves the irreversible inhibition of a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes, including both serine and metallo-beta-lactamases, which are responsible for the antibiotic resistance in many bacterial pathogens. By binding to the active sites of these enzymes, Taniborbactam prevents them from hydrolyzing the beta-lactam ring, thus restoring the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Tenofovir diphosphate is an antiviral compound, which is a key active metabolite derived from the prodrugs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and tenofovir alafenamide, both originating from chemical synthesis. Its mode of action involves inhibiting the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate, deoxyadenosine 5’-triphosphate, and causing chain termination after incorporation into viral DNA. This mechanism effectively prevents the replication of retroviral DNA, thus halting the progression of the infection.

Perfluorodecanephosphonic acid is a fluorinated organic compound, which is synthesized through the controlled polymerization of fluorinated precursors. It is characterized by its unique perfluorinated alkyl chain and a phosphonic acid group, providing a distinctive combination of hydrophobic and functional properties. Its mode of action involves the strong adsorption onto surfaces through the phosphonic acid moiety, allowing the formation of highly stable self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).

Dicloxacillin is a penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and urinary tract. It binds to the penicillin-binding proteins in bacterial cell walls by competitive inhibition. Dicloxacillin inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the enzyme cell wall synthesis that is required for cell wall biosynthesis, inhibiting protein synthesis and cell division. This drug also has a toxic effect on respiratory system cells, which may be due to its ability to induce apoptosis. Dicloxacillin sodium salt is available as tablets for oral administration or as an intravenous solution for injection. It can interact with other drugs, such as benzalkonium chloride and matrix effect; it also has analytical methods such as chromatographic analysis and rate constant.

Phleomycin is an antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium *Streptomyces verticillus*. Its mode of action involves binding to DNA and inducing breaks by generating free radicals in the presence of oxygen and ferrous ions, leading to cell death. Phleomycin is prominently used in molecular biology applications as a selective agent in the generation of stable transfectants. It is particularly effective in selecting for cells that have integrated vectors conferring resistance, such as the Sh ble gene used in yeast, plant, and mammalian cell systems. Due to its potent DNA-cleaving ability, Phleomycin is valuable in studies requiring stringent selection pressure. Researchers commonly utilize it in experiments focusing on genetic modification and cellular resistance development.

Butirosin disulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is derived from a strain of *Bacillus circulans*. Its primary mode of action involves binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis. This interaction results in the misreading of mRNA, ultimately causing bactericidal effects.

Mecillinam is a beta-lactam antibiotic specifically designed for use in culture media. It is derived from the amidinopenicillin family, featuring a unique ability to interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Its mode of action involves inhibiting penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2), an essential enzyme for cell wall elongation and maintenance in Gram-negative bacteria. This targeted inhibition results in the formation of spherical cells and subsequent cell lysis.

Aminosidine is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the integrase, which are enzymes involved in viral DNA synthesis. Aminosidine is active against Leishmania spp., but not against bacteria. Aminosidine has been shown to be effective in experimental models of human bowel disease and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. It was also found to be active against wild-type strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, but not resistant mutants. The mechanism of action is the inhibition of cellular mitochondrial membrane potential.

Ganciclovir is an antiviral agent specifically designed for culture media use. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxy-guanosine, derived from nucleoside compounds, and operates primarily by inhibiting the replication of viral DNA. Its mode of action involves selective phosphorylation by viral kinases, which converts it into ganciclovir triphosphate, a potent inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase, ultimately preventing viral DNA synthesis.

Bentaluron is a synthetic fungicide, which is a chemical compound developed to combat fungal pathogens in agriculture. Its source originates from rigorous industrial chemical synthesis, ensuring efficacy and stability. The mode of action of Bentaluron involves disrupting essential biochemical pathways within fungal cells, specifically targeting and inhibiting enzymes critical for fungal growth and metabolism. This precise interference prevents the synthesis of vital cellular components, ultimately halting the proliferation of the fungus.

Please enquire for more information about Cephalexin hydrate, Antibiotic for Culture Media Use Only including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

Abacavir sulfate is a pharmaceutical compound classified as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), which is derived from synthetic sources. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of the reverse transcriptase enzyme, essential for the replication of HIV. By incorporating itself into the viral DNA chain during replication, Abacavir effectively halts the process, preventing further multiplication of the virus within the host cells.

This antiretroviral medication is primarily used in the management and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infections. Abacavir sulfate is a critical component in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), contributing to the reduction of viral load, enhancing immune function, and improving the long-term clinical outcomes in patients living with HIV. Its application in combination therapies has been instrumental in transforming HIV from a fatal disease into a manageable chronic condition.

8-Methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one is a heterocyclic compound used in the field of medicinal chemistry. This compound is synthesized through complex organic reactions involving pyridazine and pyridine derivatives. As a molecule, its primary mode of action involves interactions with specific biochemical pathways, potentially influencing enzymatic activity or receptor bindings, leading to modulation of biological activities.

Please enquire for more information about Isoflucypram including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

Cyclosporin V is an immunosuppressant medication with action on calcineurin inhibition and is used for preventing organ rejection in transplants and treating autoimmune diseases.