Acides cinnamiques

4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid is a monophenolic compound that contains a reactive residue. It has been shown to have antibacterial and biological properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria. 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid has also been shown to be an antibiotic, although it is not categorized as one. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a metabolite of this compound, which can be formed in the liver through oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Potassium cinnamate is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water, ethanol and acetone. It has been shown to be effective for wastewater treatment and can be used as a reducing agent. Potassium cinnamate has been shown to have high values of hydroxide solution, which are often used in the manufacturing of polymers. Potassium cinnamate also exhibits enzyme activities, such as being able to catalyze the oxidation of propionate. This product has been shown to have anti-oxidant properties and can be used for radiation protection. The polymerization of potassium cinnamate leads to polymaleic acid, which is used in the production of plastics.

3-Methoxycinnamic acid methyl ester is a high quality, versatile building block for the synthesis of complex compounds. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of reagents and fine chemicals. 3-Methoxycinnamic acid methyl ester has been used in research as a scaffold to create new chemical entities. This compound has been used as a reaction component in multistep syntheses and as a precursor to speciality chemicals.

4-Acetamidocinnamic acid is a useful building block for many different organic synthesis reactions. It can be used as a reagent, research chemical or specialty chemical, and is often used as a reaction component or intermediate in the synthesis of complex compounds. 4-Acetamidocinnamic acid is also a versatile building block with many applications in organic synthesis. It has been shown to be useful as a scaffold in synthesizing peptides and other bioactive molecules.

Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate is a natural phenolic compound that is found in small quantities in many plants and foods. It is used to produce other compounds, such as vanillin, which are used as flavoring agents. Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate can be quantified using the enzymatic reaction of peroxidase with 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene. The kinetics of this reaction have been studied by titration calorimetry. Aspergillus niger catalase has been shown to be sensitive to methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate. Birch and oak wood lignocellulosic biomass can be converted into sugars through a hydrolysis process with methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate. The carbohydrate content of birch and oak wood was reduced by approximately 60

Ferulic acid is a plant polyphenol that has been shown to induce apoptosis in human leukemia cells and inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), thereby improving glucose tolerance. Ferulic acid inhibits the mitochondrial membrane potential by binding to the Mcl-1 protein and inducing its degradation, leading to anion radical scavenging. This compound also has significant cytotoxicity in a model system and has been shown to have hypoglycemic effects in animal studies. Ferulic acid also induces cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1, which is involved in regulating the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Caffeic acid is naturally produced by the metabolism of plants and fungi. Caffeic acid has an antioxidant activity that can be higher than tocopherol in oil-in-water emulsions. Caffeic acid has proven antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In mice, caffeic acid inhibits the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase thus inhibititing the biosynthesis of the inflammatory mediators leukotrienes.

3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid is a metabolite of the amino acid tyrosine and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties that may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. 3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid has also been identified as a carcinogen and is associated with an increased risk of cancer in women. 3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid is found in urine samples at concentrations between 2 and 10 µmol/L.

Trans-4-nitrocinnamic acid is an organic compound that is synthesized from 4-hydroxycinnamic acid by nitration with aqueous or alcoholic nitric acid. Trans-4-Nitrocinnamic acid has been shown to inhibit tyrosinase activity in the presence of metal hydroxides, such as copper, zinc, and iron. The reaction mechanism is unclear but may involve an initial protonation of the phenolic group followed by an electron transfer to the nitro group. This reaction results in an irreversible inhibition of tyrosinase activity. Trans-4-Nitrocinnamic acid also reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce a carboxylate salt that can be used for sample preparation.