Monosaccharides

<p>Abundant and critical component of natural glycans and glycoproteins</p>

<p>b-D-Allopyranose is a monosaccharide that has been modified with fluorine. It is used as a substrate for the production of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, which are important biomolecules in cell walls and membranes. b-D-Allopyranose can be customized to suit your needs with Click chemistry, Methylation, or other modifications. We offer high purity b-D-Allopyranose at competitive prices.</p>

<p>Propargyl a-D-galactopyranoside (PGAL) is a synthetic compound that belongs to the group of oligosaccharides. PGAL can be used in the synthesis of glycosylated saccharides, such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. The modification of PGAL with fluorine atoms is known to increase its stability. It has been shown that PGAL can be modified with methyl groups without affecting its chemical properties. Furthermore, PGAL can be modified with click chemistry reactions, which are chemoselective reactions that are catalyzed by copper(I) ions.</p>

<p>Phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a sugar that belongs to the class of glycosides. It is a white crystalline powder and has a molecular weight of 459.8. The chemical formula for this compound is C 12 H 18 O 9 . Phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It can be used to modify the structure of saccharides and sugar molecules by methylation or fluorination. This product also has CAS No. 24404-53-3 and can be custom synthesized according to your specifications.</p>

<p>Scyllo-inositol is a sugar alcohol that is an effective inhibitor of inositol monophosphatase and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of these enzymes in a model system, which may be due to its structural similarity to inositol. Scyllo-inositol has also been shown to have physiological effects on cell lysis and metabolic disorders. The inhibitory properties of scyllo-inositol have been evaluated using microdialysis probes and x-ray crystal structures.</p>

<p>Inhibits β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, also known as O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which cleaves the O-linked glycans from glycoproteins. Interferes with O-GlcNAc cycling and leads to the accumulation of O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Thiamet G elicits neuroprotective effects by modulating microglia/macrophages and inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau in models of stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. Thiamet G also has implications on diabetes and cardiovascular pathologies.</p>

<p>Donor for Koenigs-Knorr type mannosylation and other anomeric substitutions</p>

<p>4-O-Methyl-D-glucose is an acidic sugar that is found in the cell walls of plants. It has been shown to have structural studies on plant cells, with ion-exchange and ester linkages. 4-O-Methyl-D-glucose is metabolized by microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and yeast. This sugar can be oxidized to form acid or oligosaccharides as well as oxidation products such as methylglyoxal. 4-O-Methyl-D-glucose is also used in the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides which make up the connective tissue of tumor cells. This sugar can be synthesized from D-mannose by a diazonium salt reaction followed by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite. The hydroxyl group on this sugar can be acetylated to form acetylated 4-O methyl glucose.</p>

<p>1,2:3,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-a-D-xylofuranose is a synthetic glycoside that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It has been used for the modification of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. This compound has also been modified with fluorine to form 1,2:3,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-a-D-(1'-fluoro)-xylofuranose. The chemical name of this product is CAS No. 20881-04-3.</p>

<p>4-Aminophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a compound that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used as a starting material in the synthesis of other drugs. Rats with chronic kidney disease were given 4-aminophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside daily for three weeks, and it was found that this compound prevented the development of kidney injury markers. This drug has also been shown to be effective against mouse strains with nervous system diseases. 4-Aminophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside binds to lysine residues on proteins and prevents the interactions between these residues and the amino acid glutathione, which is required for glut1 uptake in brain cells. This uptake is essential for cellular function, and therefore 4-aminophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside may be useful as chemotherapeutic treatment for brain cancer.</p>

<p>Methyl a-L-idopyranosiduronic acid sodium salt is an impedance sensor that has been developed for use in electroanalytic research. The sensor consists of a monolayer of mammalian cells that are grown on a microfabricated substrate and visualized using microscopy. Methyl a-L-idopyranosiduronic acid sodium salt is used to measure the biophysical properties of muscle cells, such as their phenotype, by measuring the electrical resistance of the cell membrane. This can be used to characterize muscle disorders and identify new drug targets for regenerative medicine.</p>

<p>D-Glucal is a protonated d-glucal, which is a simple sugar. It reacts with the electron acceptor oxygen to form an oxidized product. This product can be reduced back to the original molecule by using a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride or sodium dithionite. D-Glucal has been shown to inhibit the growth of tumor cells in mice that are resistant to other anticancer drugs. D-Glucal inhibits transcription and replication of DNA by binding to the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and blocking its ability to transcribe messenger RNA (mRNA). The enzyme is also inhibited by glycosidic bond architectures that prevent it from binding to the DNA template strand. D-Glucal also has an effect on protein synthesis because it binds to proteins and prevents them from performing their normal functions.<br>D-Glucal has been used as a model system for studying cellular processes in mammalian cells, such as oxidation</p>

<p>4-O-Acetyl-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate is a methylated saccharide that can be obtained through the Click modification of an oligosaccharide. It is a custom synthesis that has been modified with fluorination. This product is available in high purity and has been glycosylated. It is also a synthetic carbohydrate with a complex structure.</p>

<p>Xylose (Xyl) is an aldopentose also known as wood sugar (Collins, 2006). The main sources of xylose are hemicelluloses found in hardwood and perennial plants, such as, grasses, cereals, and herbs (Petzold-Welcke, 2014) and some algae. Xylose is used in the production of xylitol, a low calory sugar substitute. Xylose is used in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, which is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. The first enzyme in the pathway, peptide O-xylosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of xylose from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-α-D-xylose onto serine and thus determines the site(s) of GAG attachment on the core protein (Briggs, 2018).</p>

<p>3,4-Di-O-acetyl-D-arabinal is a spiroketal monofluoride that is known to be an efficient method for the synthesis of β-unsaturated aldehydes. It can be prepared by the hydration of enantiopure allyl chloroformate followed by reductive elimination with triflic acid and acidic hydrolysis. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-D-arabinal has been used in the synthesis of biologically active molecules such as polyketides, peptides and natural products.</p>

<p>9-O-Acetyl-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid is a sialic acid produced by the human body. It can be found in human serum and has been shown to have inhibitory properties against viruses, such as hepatitis B and C viruses. 9-O-Acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid binds to the α1-acid glycoprotein in the blood, which can reduce its ability to bind to other molecules. This leads to a lower concentration of 9-O-acetylneuraminic acid in the blood. This molecule also has chemical biology properties that are being studied for their effects on biological processes such as histological analysis, receptor molecule binding, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and mucin gene transcription. 9-O-Acetylneuraminic acid also has antihistamine activities that may be due to its ability to block histamine receptors or inhibit histamine release.</p>

<p>D-Mannose-6-phosphate disodium salt hydrate (DMDSP) is an endogenous pentose phosphate metabolite that is found in the human body. DMDSP is generated from the metabolism of mannose and glucose and functions as a regulator of metabolic intermediates. It has also been shown to inhibit bacterial growth and function as a competitive inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme that maintains the integrity of bacterial DNA. Genetic polymorphism in the DMDP gene may be associated with changes in response to DMDSP. The reductive amination reaction can be used to synthesize this compound from L-aspartic acid, malic enzyme, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.</p>

N-Acetyl D-mannosamine (ManNAc) is an aldohexose (2-acetamido-2-deoxymannose) in which the axial hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by a N-acetyl group (Collins, 2006). It has been reported that N-acetyl D-mannosamine supplementation, may provide novel means to break the link between obesity and hypertension (Peng, 2019). N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine are the essential precursors of sialic acid, the specific monomer of polysialic acid, a bacterial pathogenic determinant, for example, Escherichia coli K1 uses both amino sugars as carbon sources. Glycoproteins normally have some level of glycan sialylation, but incomplete sialylation can reduce their therapeutic effect when produced recombinantly. To improve performance, cell lines and culture media can be adjusted. The GNE enzyme controls the efficiency of sialylation in human cell lines, making it crucial for producing effective recombinant glycoprotein drugs. Adding ManNAc and other supplements to culture media improves sialylation, which boosts drug yield, increases stability and half-life, and lowers immune reactions by reducing antibody formation.It has also been reported that ManNAc can be used as a treatment for hereditary inclusion body myopathy, an adult-onset, progressive neuromuscular disorder and also for renal disorders involving proteinuria and hematuria due to podocytopathy and/or segmental splitting of the glomerular basement membrane (Galeano, 2007).

<p>6-O-Methyl-D-galactopyranose is a monosaccharide that is an important component of the glycosidic linkage in the plant galactomannans. 6-O-Methyl-D-galactopyranose has been shown to be a good substrate for immobilized lectin, which can be used in ionization techniques as well as to characterize glycoproteins and glycopeptides. 6-O-Methyl-D-galactopyranose has also been used in the identification of blood groups and amino acid analysis.</p>

<p>2C-Hydroxymethyl-2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-L-gulono-1,4-lactone is a synthetic compound with the molecular formula C8H11O7. It is a sugar derivative that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. 2C-Hydroxymethyl-2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-L-gulono-1,4 -lactone has been shown to be a good candidate for Click chemistry modification.</p>