Padrões Farmacêuticas

Pentazocine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used to relieve pain. It has been shown to bind to the kappa-opioid receptor, which may be responsible for pentazocine's analgesic effects. Pentazocine also has a low potency and side-effect profile, as well as some physiological effects such as respiratory depression. Pentazocine is not active in the central nervous system and can be administered by nasal route. The drug has been shown to have an additive effect when combined with isoxsuprine hydrochloride in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis. Pentazocine is also used as a pharmacological treatment for myocardial infarcts and other cardiovascular disorders.

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4-Chloro-3-nitrophenacylbromide is a synthetic compound that has been shown to be effective against cancer cells in vitro. In the presence of light, this substance emits a bright green fluorescence, which is useful for imaging. The synthesis of 4-Chloro-3-nitrophenacylbromide can be achieved by solid phase methods and chemosynthesis. Spirocyclic amines are used as building blocks for the synthesis of this product. This process leads to functionalization strategies with high levels of chirality and drug development.

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Reboxetinemesylate is a prodrug that is converted to reboxetine, the active form of the drug. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of symptoms related to depression and Parkinson's disease. Reboxetinemesylate has a long-term efficacy due to its long half-life and slow release from plasma proteins. This drug may have drug interactions with other medications, such as hepatic impairment or drugs that are metabolized by CYP450 enzymes. Reboxetinemesylate also has locomotor activity effects on rats, which may be due to dopamine receptor agonist properties. Reboxetinemesylate is not active against bacterial infections, but is used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and depression.

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3,3'-Dichlorodiphenylacetylene is a versatile building block that is used in the synthesis of complex compounds. It has been used as a reagent and as a speciality chemical for research purposes. This chemical can be used as a useful building block for the synthesis of other compounds, or it can be reacted with other compounds to form new compounds. 3,3'-Dichlorodiphenylacetylene is also an intermediate in organic syntheses and has been shown to react with many different types of molecules.

Intermediate in the Krebs cycle; nitrogen transporter

2,2'-Biphenyldicarboxylic acid anhydride is a diphenic anhydride that has a carboxylate group on one end and a phenyl group on the other. The nitrogen atoms in this molecule are part of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds that stabilize the molecule. 2,2'-Biphenyldicarboxylic acid anhydride is used in wastewater treatment as it reacts with amines to form ammonium salts. This process also releases hydrogen, which can be used for fuel cells or light emission. It is also used to produce other compounds such as malonic acid and phenylacetic acid.

6-Bromohexanoic acid methyl ester is a linker that can be used in the synthesis of amides. This compound is synthesized by reaction between 2-bromobutyric acid and malonic acid, followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide. 6-Bromohexanoic acid methyl ester is an efficient method for the preparation of amides. It is biologically active and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in biological studies.

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Azilsartan medoxomil is an antihypertensive drug, which is a prodrug of the angiotensin II receptor blocker azilsartan. It is synthesized through a chemical process involving the modification of the medoxomil ester, converting it into its active form upon absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. The primary mode of action of azilsartan medoxomil involves selective antagonism of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor. By blocking the effects of angiotensin II—a potent vasoconstrictor—azilsartan medoxomil effectively reduces vascular resistance, leading to decreased blood pressure.

Benzoylmesaconine is an alkaloid that is extracted from the roots of aconite plants. It has been shown to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Benzoylmesaconine has also been shown to be effective against infectious diseases in mice when used at low doses. The mechanism of action for benzoylmesaconine is not well understood but may involve inhibition of DNA synthesis or cell division.

4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)-azo]-phenol is a molecular compound that has a nitro group, an azo group, and a phenolic hydroxyl group. It's also known as nitrophenyl diazonium salt. 4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)-azo]-phenol is used in the synthesis of other compounds such as dyes and pharmaceuticals. The magnetic resonance spectroscopy and optical microscope techniques were used to study the chemical structure of 4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)-azo]-phenol. The titration method was used to determine the purity of this compound. 4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)-azo]-phenol has been shown to have mesomorphic properties, which are exhibited by its ability to be either solid or liquid at room temperature (25°C). This property may be due to its functional groups that stabilize it in both states.

4'-Cyclohexylacetophenone is a chalcone that is prepared from hexamethylenetetramine and cyclohexanone. The reaction of 4'-cyclohexylacetophenone with methylthio-1,3-dithiane in the presence of proton irradiation yields a mixture of products. 4'-Cyclohexylacetophenone has been used as a precursor for preparing other chalcones. This compound can be readily prepared by chlorinating 1,3-diphenylpropane to give 3-chlorocyclohexylacetic acid followed by hydrolysis to the ketone. It is also used as a starting material for synthesis of heterocycles such as benzofuran and indole.