Glicociência

Fructosazine is a natural compound that is found in the bark of the fructus quinquefoliae tree. It has been shown to have antimicrobial properties when it reacts with hydrochloric acid. Fructosazine inhibits the growth of bacteria by reacting with their cell walls and interfering with their metabolism. Fructosazine may also have physiological effects, such as reducing blood pressure and body weight gain, which are not fully understood. The reaction mechanism for fructosazine is not yet known, but it may be due to its reactive nature. More research needs to be done on this compound before we can understand its full potential.

Cellobionic acid is produced by oxidative enzymes working on cellulose.  These compounds have found application in cosmetic antiaging formulations, moisturizers, and peels, and in treatment products to improve hyperpigmentation and acne. The bionic acids such as cellobionic acid offer the benefits of α-hydroxyacids without irritation. They also provide additional antioxidant/chelation, barrier strengthening, and moisturizing effects.

A2F N-Glycan is an oligosaccharide that is found in the human body. It is a glycan that has been shown to be involved in a number of biological processes, including effector functions, site specific recognition, diagnosis, and biopharmaceutical production. A2F N-glycan has also been shown to have potential as a biomarker for autoimmune diseases and cancer. The A2F N-glycan profile may differ between patients with different cancers or autoimmune disorders. This difference in the A2F N-glycan profile may contribute to the development of personalized medicine by helping to diagnose these conditions and predict their prognosis.

2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-ribofuranose is a synthetic monosaccharide that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates such as glycosylation and polysaccharides. One use for this chemical is to modify the sugar moiety with methyl groups, yielding 2,3,5-tri-O-methyl b-D-ribofuranose. This modification helps prevent the sugar from being metabolized by enzymes in the body. The chemical can also be fluorinated to yield 2,3,5-trifluoro b-D-ribofuranose.

1,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-ribofuranose is a modified carbohydrate. It is synthesized by the methylation of 1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-arabinopyranose followed by glycosylation with 3,6-dideoxyhexose. This compound has been used as a substrate in enzymatic studies to investigate the modification of carbohydrates by glycosylation and methylation and can be used for the synthesis of other saccharides.

Used to determine composition and sequence of glucan-containing mixed linkages

Iota-Carageenan is a gelling sulphated galactan extracted from red seaweed (typically Euchuma cottonii and Euchuma spinosum). The structure of all carrageenans consists of a strictly alternating masked repeating unit of (1,3) linked α-D-galactose and (1,4) linked β-D-galactose. The α-linked galactose occurs as a 3,6-anhydro-2-sulphate unit and the β-linked sugar occurs as the 4-sulphate.
The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.

2-Acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-galactose (2ADG) is a structural analogue of the natural monosaccharide 2,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. It has been shown to have an antimicrobial effect against aerobacter aerogenes in vitro. 2ADG is metabolized by glycosidases and methyl glycosides to form 1,4-anhydro-2,3,4,6 tetraacetamido-2,4,6 dideoxy D galactose. This compound inhibits the growth of bacterial strains that are resistant to polymyxin b., such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The inhibition of these bacteria is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of their outer membrane lipopolysaccharides by 2ADG. The antibacterial activity is also attributed to its ability to inhibit the metabolism of glycan molecules in some bacteria

2,5-Anhydro-1-O-trityl-D-mannitol is a complex carbohydrate with the molecular formula C6H14O6 that has been modified for use in glycosylation reactions. It is a type of sugar that can be modified to create desired properties and can be used as an alternative to other sugars such as glucose. 2,5-Anhydro-1-O-trityl-D-mannitol can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. This product is available in high purity and has a CAS number of 68774-48-1.

This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.

Larch arabinogalactan is extracted from the heartwood of the western larch Larix occidentalis. This compound has a backbone of 1,3-linked β-D-galactopyranosyl units each of which contains a side chain at position C-6. Arabinogalactans are used as emulsifiers, stabilizers and binders in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as low viscosity dietary fibres and as a prebiotic fibres.